Genghis Khan Genghis Khan, or Temujin, as he was referred to in his early life, was born around 1167 into the pastoral nomadic lifestyle of the Mongols. Mongolian life was centered on several fragmented tribes that continuously fought each other, led by individual khans. “Temujin enjoyed years of successful conquest in these tribal wars” (Adler and Pouwels, 239-41). At the age of sixteen, Temujin married Borte, a woman from another tribe. “Temujin married Borte, cementing the alliance between the Konkirat tribe and his own.” ("Biography.com"). Temujin was greatly feared among the Mongols, as he was known for his ruthlessness, cunning, and his ferocity. “…by 1196 he had become powerful enough to assert personal control over all of the …show more content…
To begin his conquests, Genghis Khan directed his attention to the Chinese, who had plentiful amounts of food and wealth. However, the Chinese were able to defend themselves, and prevented the Mongolians from attacking. “The initial failure in China forced Chinghis to direct his armies westward against the Turks and Persians.” (Adler and Pouwels, 239-41). In the campaigns against the Persians and Turks, Genghis Khan had his armies attack wealthy Muslim cities, and decimated the populations. If the people weren’t massacred, they were forced into slavery. Mongolians had little care for culture or literature, as they burned libraries, turned mosques into stables, and essentially ruined the cities that they attacked. “Never had such destruction been seen; word of an approaching Mongol army sometimes was enough to inspire wholesale flight.” (Adler and Pouwels, 239-41). Stories of Mongol blood thirst were a phenomenon that Genghis Khan wanted to spread among people, as to prevent the demise of Mongolian soldiers, or people. This also made it quite easy to conquer other places, as any idea of resistance disappeared when the Mongols were in sight. Soon after conquering all the Turks and Persians, Genghis Khan looked north, to Russia. “He and the Mongols attacked Novgorod, again striking so much fear into the Russians that they called the Mongols “Tartars”, (people from Hell).” (Adler and Pouwels, 239-41). While Genghis Khan started the subjugation of the Russians, his
Some people argue that Genghis Khan was just a bloodthirsty tyrant destroyed cities and civilizations, they believe that he is a tyrant who only brought massacres to the mankind. Because that the death and destruction created by the Mongol Empire from the Mongol conquests have been widely noted in both the scholarly literature and public memories. But in fact Genghis Khan’s main goal was to unify tribes, instead of creating disasters. Genghis Khan often gives enemy tribe chance to join their empire, “If a city he was besieging gave up without a fight, its people would usually be spared”(Darwin 3). Instead of killing enemy tribes Genghis Khan would try to unify them under Mongol Empire, Although many resisted to the conquered of Genghis Khan.
Records show that around 1200 Genghis allied himself with a man named Toghrul and launched a campaign against the Tartars, which he defeated in 1202. Genghis had a fall out with his blood brother Jamuqa, and eventually having him killed. In 1206, most of Mongolia, was conquered by Genghis, the remaining unconquered tribes had no choice, and were forced into acknowledge Genghis as their leader.
The Pax Mongolica, also known as the Mongol Peace and Pax Tatarica, was brought up at the end of the time of Mongols’ conquests. Western Scholars designated the fourteenth century as the Pax Mongolica. The Pax Mongolica contributed to the development of a new global culture because the Mongol Khans pursued peaceful trade and diplomacy (220). The bubonic plague epidemic of the 1300s led to the destruction of the Mongol Empire because of the deaths it caused; also, the plague had demoralized the living and deprived the Mongol Golden Family of its primary source of support by cutting off trade and tribute (247).
During the years 1237 to 1240, the nomadic warlord group known as the Mongols invaded and assimilated the principalities of Rus into their vast empire, known as the Golden Horde. The campaign, lead by Batu Khan, grandson of Genghis Khan, demolished the capital of Kiev, leaving room for the warring principalities to compete for power. Over the next few centuries, Moscow, which until then was considered, “A stepping stone to a better position” (Riasanovsky 97), would rise and become the sole sovereign principality of Rus. In the 14th and 15th centuries, Moscow would rise to create a lasting dynasty by using the Mongol rule to defeat their Russian neighbors, establishing de facto primogeniture, and using the fall of competing empires.
The Mongols were destructive, but they let the Russians keep their culture. Because they were using Russia to expand the once mighty Asian trade empire, there was no need to destroy and enslave more cities than they needed to gain control. “The Mongol invasion, however, did not disturb all of the norms and traditions in Russia.” (Freeze 14). This shows that the Mongols did not force their culture on the Russians and were not very hostile towards less powerful cities.
Throughout human history, man has strived for power. It is an unquenchable desire which has led many great rulers to success and defeat. When thinking of powers which dominated the world, the Roman Empire, Napoleon’s Army or even the time at which Great Britain was considered the center of the world, come to mind. These rulers/nations were all great and all, at one time, had vast amounts of power at the expenditure of their use. However, all of these empires fall short in comparison to the Mongols quest to conquer the World. Though their reign was short, the Mongolian empire was one of the largest empires to spread across Southern Asia. Led by the furious Genghis Khan, the Mongols swept across Asia and conquered countless nations. One of the most profound innovations of the Mongols was their effectiveness in battle. Their well-developed strategies and innovative ideas pushed the Mongol campaign very deep into Asia. As a result, many cultures were lost to the Mongols during their military campaigns. Their rule was upheld by vital principles in war tactics and in politics. Further analysis of the Mongols’ power will be discussed by following these questions,
Genghis Khan’s original name was Temujin and grew up around violence as a child, which would have explained why his methods of gaining power were so barbaric or savage like. Although some may argue that Genghis Khan rose to power only through brutality, Genghis Khan really rose to power in northern Asia due to his battle tactics that were unpredictable (Alvarez), strict laws that prevent his people from treason, and his extensive use of violence. Genghis Khan used battle
While Genghis Khan is commonly perceived as the brutal warlord of the Mongols, his contributions to Mongol Civilization stretched far beyond the minute significance of his savagery. Born in 1167 as Temüjin, Genghis Khan would eventually unite the many Mongol tribes, leading them in conquests that would amount to the largest land empire ever amassed. But, almost as impressive as his military success were Genghis’ more peaceful contributions to the Mongols. In numerous experiences throughout his life, Genghis exemplified the characteristics of a great military ruler--- physical capability, equity, and determination--- and stayed humble throughout his reign. His natural gifts and strong resilience as a leader allowed him to fully command his
It is beyond argument that Genghis Khan’s success was accompanied by bloodshed, violence, and war. Nonetheless, the young boy who would later become one of the greatest conquerors of all time created his own destiny. He was raised in a cruel tribal environment with no proper schooling. Before he even reached puberty, Genghis killed his own half-brother and escaped from kidnappers all by himself (Weatherford, 9, 2004). Furthermore, the Mongolian youngster met and made a commitment to his future wife and powerful ally, Borte, at an early age. That woman would later become the mother of his offspring. Yet, this brutal upbringing in an environment of greed, vicious tribal clashes, and little nurture gave young Temujin the survival instincts and ambition that he would later use to construct and lead a great empire and create an everlasting name for himself. Few scholars agree with one another when it comes to Genghis Khan’s motives and governance strategies. Furthermore, little is known about his physical, mental, and emotional attributes; for the vast majority of his servants and generals had no formal education and were intrinsically illiterate (Martin, 1977, 1-3). Therefore, much can still be learned beyond his military accomplishments such as how he managed the overall wellbeing of his people and how he dealt and learned from other cultures.
Genghis Kan is more than a savage heartless man. He was a great warrior and even better strategist. He was a man able to lead an army to conquer great countries such as China, Persia and Europe with never before seen tactics. Genghis Khan’s name was originally Temujin. The name he would later be known for, Genghis Khan, would be given to him later. Genghis Khan’s story of his genius and greatness all started when he was born.
Sergei Bodrov, in an attempt to create a portrayal of the Chinggis Khan, missed important facts about the story of his rise to power. In his movie, Mongol, he fails to bring to light some important events in the early life of Temüjin. Where many experts may see this as an inaccurate and faulty portrayal of Chinggis Khan, Bodrov captures the Khan’s likeness in Mongol. To understand what Bodrov did correctly, it is important to reference articles or texts about Chinggis Khan from accounts of individuals who were living during his reign. Although Chinggis Khan’s empire was grand there are few accounts of his rise to power that were written in the time period that he reigned. The Secret History of the Mongols: A Mongolian Epic Chronicle of the Thirteenth Century (SHM) is one of the few accounts remaining and would serve as an adapt article to compare Sergei Bodrov’s Mongol because it was written by an unknown individual in the 13th century.
Have you ever wondered who the number one conqueror in history is? I know as a fact that a lot of people don’t even ask that question but, this essay will discuss how I believe Genghis Khan is the number one conqueror in history. As my reasoning, I support the idea that Genghis Khan is the number one conqueror in history because, compared to other leaders and empires; Genghis Khans army or the Mongol Empire has conquered exceedingly more, not only did he subjugate more land he on average took less time to occupy the land than others, and he and his empire has maintained their land over a longer period than others.
Prior to the year 1206, Mongolia was a nation of warring clans; a nation separated by beliefs and ideals. In 1162, a man by the name of Temujin was born who would change a nation and leave one of the most prominent reputations in war history. He would, after twenty-two years of tribal war, unite the tribes of Mongolia and become known as Genghis Khan. He was one of the most influential war minds in history and at the time of his death, the
The Mongol Empire was one of the most prosperous empires that was ever built. The vast empire stretched to Eastern Europe and existed for over seven decades. In Mongolia, tribes were already established and had alliances with each other, before Temujin. When Temujin had his wife captured by a neighboring tribe, he asked one of his father’s allies, King Toghoril to help him get his wife back. King Toghoril installed Temujin as a co-leader of all the Mongol tribes and Jamukha as the leader. They worked together to lead all the Mongol tribes. This arrangement did not last between Jamukha and Temujin, they eventually separated, and Temujin generated some followers. They settled near a place
Mongol: The Rise of Genghis Khan was directed by a Russian filmmaker, Sergei Bodrov. The film was a co-production with companies from Russia, Germany, and Kazakhstan. The filming took place in a China, but particularly in inner Mongolia. It was nominated for the 2007 Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. The film contains some graphic scenes of violence and blood shed along with an occasional romance scenario. It follows traditional myths and legends of the powerful Temujin while also giving sightings of the nomadic life and customs. The movie is beautifully done while also staying authentic and true. It reveals Temujin’s life, who later becomes Genghis Khan, from a little boy to the Mongol Khan he later becomes. Mongol: The Rise of Genghis Khan follows the unwritten stories of Genghis Khan and his life with a little hint of mythical belief, but also adding Mongolian beliefs and way of life.