Global Financial Crisis

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The financial crisis that happened during 2007-09 was considered the worst financial crisis in the world since the great depression in the 1930s. It leads to a series of banking failures and also prolonged recession, which have affected millions of Americans and paralyzed the whole financial system. Although it was happened a long time ago, the side effects are still having implications for the economy now. This has become an enormously common topic among economists, hence it plays an extremely important role in the economy. There are many questions that were asked about the financial crisis, one of the most common question that dragged attention was ’’How did the government (Federal Reserve) contributed to the financial crisis?’’

It links to Positive Accounting Theory that is connection with top priority of accounting in valuing the firm.

To over view the knowledge we learnt from accounting theory and practice, the main thing I can conclude that is the tendency of accounting will shift away from technical way to people’s behaviour way. By understanding what should do, we should ask why and how we could improve and change it into a better way. This essay aims to explain how the theoretical material that we learn in lectures can be developed under a real practical manner.

Government help was seen as the only way to avoid a total economic collapse in the United States, although many thought it could result in a worldwide economic recession. On September 18, 2008 the 700 dollar bailout plan was proposed to congress. Fed Chairman Ben Bernake is quoted telling congress, “If we don’t do this, we may not have an economy on Monday” (The Housing Market Crash of 2007, 2011). This is when it became apparent that the government had a stake in this situation. When people begin questioning whether the United States economy will still exist, the government then has a huge role in the survival of not just the economy, but the entire country. The government is in a situation where it must decide how to protect the American economy, the citizens, the businesses, and the future of the United States of America. On October 3, 2008 congress passed “Emergency Economic Stablization Act” (H.R. 1424- 110th Congress, 2008) which led to the lending of 700 billion dollars’ to

The current economic-financial crisis was indeed caused by the simultaneous occurrence of events in different parts of the world that all had a negative effect. These events are subtly different and therefore it is common that only one event is held responsible for the crisis. In reality, the world economy became critical due to the mix of four major events: 1) the unrestrained greed of financiers in the U.S. and U.K., which transformed bad mortgages into toxic financial assets 2) the habit of getting deeply indebted in the U.S. and U.K., 3) the excessive liquidity in Europe, 4) the real estate bubble in the U.S. and some European countries (Thomas, 2011) At the beginning of the financial collapse in the United States, many commentators, among which was the President of the Federal Reserve, hastily affirmed that the situation would only affect the United States and at most, the UK, where the banks,

American debt held by households is rising ominously, plus our economic policies change. That debt balloon powered by radical income inequality will become the next bust. It drives by spending on domestic demand or more likely consumer spending not just by the wealthy, but by everyone else. An important explaining about the unity that emerged from our latest research has shown as relatively that ten percent were prosperous, saving, and investment in which natural and interests to find the path of them in the financial markets, but primarily ninety percent had borrowed. As the result many Americans concern about the financial crisis and the cartoon uses to sarcasm, irony, and logos to convey its message.

The last decade has been a period of much economic reform for individuals, institutions and societies alike. With increasing rates of globalization, financial markets and foreign trade have been a direct beneficiary of the free market, thus resulting in an interlinked and a rather interdependent global economy. Despite this advantage, the opportunity for failure loomed as human error and ill-conceived economic regulations became more frequent in some of the world 's most sophisticated economies. This loophole in the global economy resulted in the greatest economic downfall of the modern era since the Great Depression of the 1930’s, the 2008 Global Financial Crisis (GFC). Foster (2010, p.54) defines the financial collapse as a “crisis that started in the US mortgage market when massive numbers of mortgage defaults threatened the ability of the United States and global financial institutions to service their debts. Their consequent inability to lend led to a recession in the United States and many other countries, and increased the likelihood of a meltdown of the global financial system”. Despite the rarity of financial crises, they are considered cyclical, mirroring the trends of a business cycle, thus are able to reoccur if wrong financial regulations are implemented and lack of control is exercised on economic activity. As many economists today examine the crisis, it is widely concluded that there were collective causes and effects, both immediate and longstanding, of the

Bank institutions as well as mortgage loan officers were encouraging homeownership with the interest of not only gaining a commission but due to the fact that lenders were not going to be responsible if the homeowners did not pay their mortgages. Mortgages were being packaged then sold to investment banks then later sold to investors. Borrowers were arranged in expensive subprime loans and numerous loans were given to people who were not able repay them. Once homeowners were not capable of paying their mortgages investors were the ones who were left with the problems allowing lenders and investment banks to escape through the loop. Banks that were overvaluing the

While 2008 neared its close, financial institutions capsized worldwide. Earlier that year the main American stock index, The Dow Jones, began a downward spiral that ended up peaking the following March; a historic market low comparable to its 1997 levels and despite a sizeable recession, the dot com bust, occurring in between the two troughs (1). More broadly, the International Monetary Fund recorded a 1.7% decrease in global GDP during the approximately two-year period (2). This global contraction of economic growth became known as the Great Recession, the worst financial crisis since the one that indirectly sent the entire world into yet another bloody war. Just like the Dow, the responsibility for this international calamity lurks behind American markets. This collapse is inextricably correlated with the burst of the American housing bubble and multiple subsequent bankruptcies that required Federal Reserve intervention to solve. Nonetheless, our government, through imposing limitations on shadow banking or not deregulating the banking sector in the first place, possessed the capability to prevent this financial disaster throughout its development.

It has been become an issue of great concern that the accounting profession must find a common theory in order to address and put the issue at rest. This therefore, has called for the study of this topic under review “the demand for and supply of accounting theories: the market for excuses. As a result of this several questions have been raised. For instance, the question of why accounting theories are predominantly normative has been put forward by this article? Secondly, why no single theory in accounting profession that is generally or widely accepted? It has been argued that the financial accounting theories have been found to be ineffective most especially in the area of impacting accounting practice and policy, though, this has been

This article talk about the revolution in accounting. The revolution in accounting through five different stages, there are scientific revaluation, accounting disciplinary matrix, anomalies and professional insecurity, alternative proposals and their evaluation and schools of though. For the first stage, scientific revaluation become the fundamental of the accounting revolution. It provides the technical function to accountants as it promote the academic paper works to a more efficient way. Base on the revaluation of scientific, the information about accounting records become more regular pattern. Therefore, the rule of accounting getting more complete and internationalization. After the disciplinary matrix established up, the anomalies and professional insecurity also changed. Rely on the conventional accounting practices the anomalies and professional insecurity has changed a lot. The accountants’ practices used to be critics. However, it turned to level practices. After the revolution of all above, alternative proposals has changed. For example, the asset values used to be based on the historical cost system, but after the alternative proposals and their evaluation, it could be have another way to

Who and what should take the responsibility to the Financial Crisis of 2007/8 had been talked for a while in the economy. It might be the Federal Government or the regulators; it could be the bank of the credit rating agencies; it may be the subprime lender and agencies; or even all of

The assertion by Lawrence and Weber that government may use regulation to “allocate resources, set prices and constrain socially irresponsible behavior of companies, “..is also a key principle of Keynesian Economic Theory that postulates that, “Optimal economic performance could be achieved -…-by influencing aggregate demand through activist stabilization and economic intervention policies by the government” (Investopedia, 2013). While the merits and benefits of such action have the potential to yield a positive societal result, they have often lead to unintended consequences, some negative and others that failed to yield an expected result. The effects of this phenomenon are clearly illustrated through the events leading up to and during the housing crisis in which government regulation, wall street investors and bankers and citizens converged through a series of bad legislation and regulation, poor investment and lending practices and individual over extension and personal finance management to create the perfect economic storm that lead to the collapse of the housing markets.

The best evidence so far for the existence of an American empire, despite denials to the contrary, is the Global Financial Crisis (GFC). The persistent removal of restrictions and oversights on the domestic financial system of the US, combined with the decisions of individual firms, other governments and foreign financial organisations, culminated in the singe largest depreciation of assets and currency valuations in history, surpassing even the Great Depression in its extents.