This paper presents scientific briefing about “Conservation of Water Resource in Republic of Tajikistan to the Committee of Environmental Protection under the Government of Tajikistan. This paper will explore country’s profile on water resources. Moreover, it will discuss impacts of Global Warming on water resources in Tajikistan, and present possible solution for water resources management.
Overview: Tajikistan is one of the world’s vulnerable regions to climate change, specifically to the effects of increase in temperature, change in rainfall patterns, and increase in dryness [1]. Given the country’s high sensitivity to the climate change, there is a higher need for implementing policies and strategies in order to conserve water resources.
The country is one of the most freshwater- rich countries in the world, where the water is a vital resource, and important economic asset both in regional and national settings. The country is also very rich in natural resources such as water, coal, oil, gas, mercury, gold, silver, salt, limestone, marble and clay [6]. Moreover, Tajikistan is wealthy in biodiversity, which consist of around 23,000 species of flora and fauna, of which are about 1900 are endemic [6 . Additionally, Tajikistan is famous for its medicinal, thermal and mineral water resources, however only 30% are used.
Water Resources: Tajikistan has 1000 rivers with length exceeding 10 km. The country has a significant number reserves of groundwater, which are all found
According to the International Water Management Institute environmental research organisation global water stress is increasing, and a third of all people face some sort of water scarcity. Where demand exceeds supply and no effective management operates, there will be conflicts between the various players involved.
A nation with a lot to lose. The huge, industrial and overpopulated country we know as China, is going through a water scarcity crisis. North China’s lack of water affects more of the region than anyone can imagine. Causing negative problems for food supply, economic development, political stability, and international relations, including drying up their major rivers. What are creating these complications? Global Warming, Urbanization and Population Growth, and Industrialization are the three main causes of China’s water crisis. Of these, the biggest driver is Industrialization.
Since the beginning of time, water has played a key role in societies all over the world. The earliest recorded civilizations have all been found along large river valleys, such as, the Indus River in India and the Yellow River in China. Water is an essential part of life; it does not just sustain the life of all human beings around the globe, but also sustains the life of every living thing known to this Earth. All of the major cities that we know today are surrounded by large river systems that supply its people with the means to survive in that region. These rivers also link our different communities together and allow us to prosper, but these rivers are being taken advantage of. Our once great rivers are falling victim to pollution and
As the days are becoming hotter, and as our water supply is decreasing, it is becoming more relevant than ever before to increase the water inventory for the agricultural industry. With the damming of the Hetchy-Hetchy river, it will limit our already low supply and output of crop, which is the lead export of sustenance in the nation.
Countries will face many problems due to climate change and the capacity of a government to provide health care will be reduced dramatically. What water scarcity does not necessarily mean the availability of water, with the planet being 70 percent water, but the quality of water. Presently, poor countries are already being affected by water scarcity. It is reported that currently 1.2 billion people do not have access to safe drinking water and this figure will be 2.7 to 3.5 billion people by 2025 if effective steps are not taken to mitigate the water scarcity problem. Climate change causes different factors which may headway for political and social conflicts, so water scarcity will have major impacts on populations’ health. South Asian Studies is a reputable research journal out of the University of Punjab, which has been printed and available online since 1984. Muhammad Zakria Zakar, one of the three authors of this article is a professor at the University of Punjab. Rebeena Zakar, second of the three authors is the Chairman of the Public Health and Quantitative Social Research department at the University of Punjab. Third and final author of this paper is Florian Fischer, a professor at University of Bielefeld in Germany. The evidence of human caused climate change affecting the entire worlds water resources I can use to support my argument on water scarcity and its effects on
Climate change is a growing issue. I have found that this is an issue that can no longer be ignore. One area that is effected even more so than others is California. Specifically California’s water resources are becoming depleted due to climate change. This is not only an issue of the future but of the present. If this trend continues on its predicted path not only will California be effected but our whole nation. It should be a concerning issue to everyone and is not to be taken lightly.
Many people know that water is essential for human-being and it is not only valuable for health and life, but water is also important for industry and agriculture. Furthermore, use of water has a spiritual, cultural and recreational dimension. However, water resources are not infinite. Wide and inefficient use of water resources can lead to irreversible consequences, such as water shortage. This essay will firstly discuss the problem of water shortage on examples of developed and developing countries and include the diversification of the same issue in the different parts of the world. It will also identify causes and effects of this environmental problem on society and other spheres of life. Moreover, in this essay I am going to propose
In the water sector, which is a special concern for this research, it is predicted that the water supply conditions in all regions and sectors in the world are likely
Water scarcity is a problem and will be a larger problem in the future . As the earth warms , regions currently receive an adequate supply of rain . The change
Water is the main source of life on the Earth. It is vital for normal existence and functioning of organisms. Earth is sometimes called “water planet.” But, in fact, the number of freshwater is limited. “Only about 2 percent of the planet's water is fresh.” (How much water is there on Earth?) This water is not enough even to meet daily needs of mankind. According to World Health Organization, “a lack of water to meet daily needs is a reality today for one in three people around the world.” (2009) In the Middle East the situation is especially hard. This region is thought to be one of the droughtiest places in the world, most of it’s territory is deserted. Freshwater accounts to 1 percent of the world’s supplies, while the population comes
The vanishing of trees has led to severe droughts in Afghanistan. In past three years the groundwater level has fallen down by 1.7-4.6m. The drought has severely affected the agriculture. The less production of food have sky rocketed the price of the groceries. The water supply has decreased significantly due to the leakage. Kandahar’s network that serves 30% of the city six hour supplies loses 70% of water through leakage (UNEP). As a whole, Afghanistan only uses only one-third of its potential resource. Unproductive practice of water usage leads to the water scarcity in Afghanistan.
Groundwater is an important natural resource, especially in those parts of the country that don't have ample surface water sources, such as the arid West. Groundwater provides about 38 percent of the water delivered by water department for use in our homes, businesses, and industries and
Water constitutes an indispensable component of climate system found in all parts of biosphere. Increased temperatures reported throughout the last century resulted in a number of hydrological alterations extending from modification of precipitation patterns, rapid snow and ice retreat, to changes in total runoff and increasing number of intensive or extreme events. These changes of climate associated with the water availability show substantial spatial and temporal variability (Bates et al., 2008). In Europe, climate change has a strong north-south gradient, imposing positive changes in the north and negative changes in the south in terms of rainfall and precipitation (Christensen and Christensen, 2007). Areas such as the Mediterranean basin are particularly vulnerable and projected to experience more frequent, long-lasting and intensive drought events. Therefore as indicated by several studies annual river discharge is expected to decrease along with high seasonal flow variability (Alcamo et al., 2007; Arnell, 2004; Iglesias et al., 2011; Milly et al., 2005). Likewise with the general Mediterranean trend, Italy is exposed to progressive water scarcity as indicated by past observations and future projections. Over the last five decades precipitation was decreased by 14% along the country, while a further diminishing is the main projection of the IPCC scenarios towards the end of 2060. Under the A2 emission scenario 10% precipitation decrease is predicted for the north and
Pakistan is rich in natural resources. It has mountains , plains , deserts , fertile land , rivers and oceans. Natural resources are very important to the development and prosperity of a country. The important thing is to use them for the welfare of human beings and the development of the country economically because the progress of a country depends entirely on the use of available resources. Significant natural resources are described as follows :
River Ganga is not only famous for its legends but instead it is importance as, 37% of the population of India is still dependent on the river ganga as a source of water for their daily use, the