Government Bureaucracies

In his book, Bureaucracy: What Government Agencies do and why they do it, James Q. Wilson’s main objective is to better define the behavior of governmental bureaucracy, believing traditional organizational and economic theory does not adequately explain their actions. Wilson believes that government agencies are doomed to be perceived as inefficient entities by the public. He gives examples of commonly held perceptions of bureaucracies and reveals how these are mostly misconceptions. He points to the environment of bureaucracy, where rules and procedures, dictate goals, along with context, constraints, values, and norms.

These services were created in different ways and through many different agencies. These agencies general fall into one of categories which are independent agencies, regulatory agencies,Government Corporations and Presidential commissions. A independent agency is similar to a cabinet department but on a much smaller scale with a narrower window of responsibility a few examples of agencies that fall into this category in the "Central Intelligence Agency, National Aeronautical and Space Administration and the United States Postal service" all fall into the category of independent agencies within the federal government(Patterson,2013,p.335). Regulatory agencies which are responsible for monitoring and regulating activities that affect the nations economy. An example of agencies that fall into this category include the " Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Federal Communications Commission(FCC)"(Patterson,2013,p. 335). Government corporations such as "Amtrak" a train service, which is like a private corporation that charges fees to provide a service but also receives government funds to help deffer expenses. The fourth and final category is the presidential commission which is a group made of commissioner that are appointed by the President of the United States that serve as advisors on specific areas of concern which include the 9/11 Commission and the

"Classical Organizational Theory deals with the 'systematic processes necessary to make bureaucracy more efficient and effective.' Name three scholars that are credited with the development of classical organization thought that most correctly fit into this definition of Classical Organizational Theory. What were the basic arguments articulated by each in their contributions to the development of Classical Organizational Theory?"

The Supreme Court case Loving v. Virginia (1967) resulted in the striking down of state laws that prohibited whites and African Americans from marrying. Mildred Loving, one of the parties in the case, issued a statement on the fortieth-anniversary of her case in which she urged that same-sex couples be allowed to marry.

When the framers of the Constitution developed our government, they gave Congress the authority to create the departments necessary to carry out the day-to-day responsibilities of governing - the federal bureaucracy. The vast majority of the departments, agencies, and commissions that make up the federal bureaucracy today were created by Congress through legislative acts. Congress is unable to act in a bubble though, due to the nature of the system’s built-in checks and balances, Congress must first get the president’s “buy off” which is represented by his signature. Although Congress has the authority to create these agencies (with the president’s agreement

The federal bureaucracy is the group of government organizations that implement policy. The federal bureaucrats belong, for the most part, to the group of government agencies led by the president’s cabinet (the collection of appointed officials tasked with leading various federal government departments such as the State Department, Department of Homeland Security etc.) (Geer et al.). These department heads, known as cabinet secretaries, are appointed by each new president. The federal bureaucracy is responsible for writing regulations that implement the laws. In this, the federal bureaucracy’s importance cannot be understated. Congress passes laws, the president signs them, but it is the responsibility of the bureaucracy to actually implement them in the most effective, unburdening way.

Objective of this paper is to discuss where the following agencies lie in the administrative structure of the federal government:

The frame work of limitations is mainly a recognition of how much power the enlightened bureaucrats, zemstvos, jurors, and the peace mediators had, but more importantly how much they did not have. Although what the enlightened bureaucrats fought for was far from what they ultimately succeeded in passing, it is important to resist calling the whole program a failure like what most pre-1991 historians did. The constraints under which they accomplishment any reforms were considerably. Likewise the zemstvos accomplished a number of social welfare programs (school, laying the foundation for the medical system, etc), however their accomplishments only become apparent when placed in the light of the little authority they truly had. The framework

The federal bureaucracy is often referred to as the fourth branch of government which is made up of thousands of federal agencies, as well as institutions, in which not only implements, but also administers federal laws and programs. In similarity to the other three branches of government, a system of checks and balances continues to hold a firm standing throughout the bureaucracy. The president, congress, and judiciary all hold some form of authority over the bureaucracy in which directly influences their actions. First and foremost, the President has the power to appoint individuals who will carry out their desires, as well as their policy preferences, to prevent potential problems in the future; the President can also remove agency heads and other bureaucrats as well.

Besides the labor contract chaos, there were several other problems with the Bureau including white opposition, lack of manpower, lack of funding, and lack of federal support. White opposition was a struggle for the success of the Bureau. In the state of Texas, for example, this manifested itself heavily on the issue of education for African Americans, where female teachers were regarded in newspapers with the equal status of prostitutes. In the cities of Waco and Circleville in Texas, there were school buildings that were burned (Neal and Kremm). In the state of Florida, northern teachers in black schools were made to purchase a five-dollar teaching certificate, in hopes to turn them away (Wakefield).

Cabinet Departments are the largest organizations with the broadest missions. The leadership is directly accountable to the president, who hires them with permission of the senate and may also fire them if the need ever arises. Executive agencies are operated outside of departments and controlled by varying degrees by the president. So agencies like the CIA and NASA. Regulatory agencies are outside of the president’s control, even though he can sway them in certain directions, they are controlled by a commission and they are agencies like the environmental protection agency. Government corporations seem very similar to private corporations because they are organizations the private sector cannot make money one. These are corporations like AMTRAK and PBS.

Bureaucrat is a dirty word to some people in modern society, so how can a bureaucracy be a good thing? Many Public Administration theorist, argue that bureaucracy is essential to the growth and expansion of the United States. Most of the criticism of the bureaucracy within the government is based on myth versus reality. Federal agencies play a critical and a valuable role within society and are indispensable to the operations of the federal government. Bureaucracy can be simply defined as the system in which decision are made by Public Administrators rather than elected officials (legislator) within the government. However, when the average citizen of just says the single word bureaucracy thoughts and images of evoked over how negative

Bureaucracies are technically encompassed under the executive branch of government. The executive branch, however, does not have control over a lot of the things that the agencies do. Congress tries to control agencies by influencing the

The federal bureaucracy consists of the Cabinet departments, independent agencies, government corporations, and independent regulatory commissions.

Abstract: The theory of bureaucracy was proposed and published by Marx Weber (1947). Although there are some studies on this perspective were discussed before him, those theories did not form as systematic theory. After Weber, the issue of bureaucracy becomes a hot topic in the field of social organization. Almost all well-known scholars such as Martin and Henri have published their views on it. Bureaucracy adapted as the traditional organizational model during industrial society, essentially, bureaucracy could exist rational. This essay firstly will review the principle of bureaucracy in organization based on organizational design perspective. Secondly, it will analyze the strengths and weakness of