Grade 2 Injury Research Paper

Immediate treatment is usually an adjunctive therapy of NSAID's and Cold compression therapy. Controlling the inflammation is critical to the healing process. Cold compression therapy acts to reduce swelling and pain by reducing leukocyte extravasation into the injured area. NSAID's such as Ibuprofen/paracetamol work to reduce the immediate inflammation by inhibiting Cox-1 & Cox-2 enzymes, which are the enzymes responsible for converting arachidonic acid into prostaglandin. However, NSAIDs, including aspirin and ibuprofen, affect platelet function and should not be taken during the period when tissue is bleeding because they will tend to increase blood flow, inhibit clotting, and thereby increase bleeding and swelling. After the bleeding has stopped, NSAIDs can be used with some effectiveness to reduce inflammation and pain. A new treatment for acute strains is the use of platelet rich plasma injections which have been shown to accelerate recovery from non surgical muscular injuries. It is recommended that the person injured should consult a medical provider if the injury is accompanied by severe pain, if the limb cannot be used, or if there is noticeable tenderness over an isolated spot. These can be signs of a broken or fractured bone, a sprain, or a complete muscle

You should get full rest and do not sprain the ankle. You can reduce the swelling by applying ice pack for fifteen to twenty minutes many times during the day. Get an ice bandage and wrap it around the injured ankle and let it get to the region of the calf muscles. This will help to decrease the swelling and pain you feel at the ankle. If possible the affected foot should be placed at a raised level. You can achieve this by placing your foot at a platform that has been elevated or placing a few pillows beneath the injured ankle while you lie down. This will also help to decrease the inflammation.

Ice- it will keep down the swelling. Apply ice with a thin piece of cloth, not more than 20 minutes to avoid frostbite.

The ice will not only numb some of your pain, but it will also decrease swelling and inflammation in the muscles.

Rest the patient by safely transferring him/her off the field and situate them in a comfortable stance, stabilising the injury to reduce bleeding. The athlete must not use the injured site for a minimum of 48-72 hours as it may cause additional haemorrhage and injury. Next, apply ice accompanied with a form insulating material onto the injured site for 20 minutes every hour for the first 72 hours to decrease pain, bleeding and swelling. Compression involves wrapping the injured area using a bandage, ensuring that it is not too tight or loose. This stabilises the injury and minimises bleeding and swelling. Elevation requires the injured site to be raised above the heart to decrease the amount of bleeding, swelling, throbbing and pain. The injury can be kept elevated using a soft cushion and must be aloft whenever possible. The athlete must be referred to a doctor or a physiotherapist as soon as possible after managing the injury. This will establish the severity and any rehabilitation needed as well as tips on treatment

A compression bandage can be applied immediately to help stop swelling but it should only be applied for 10 minutes at a time as restricting blood flow completely to the tissues could cause more damage, whereas the calf supports can be applied for longer. We also advise wearing a heel pad to raise the heel and shorten the calf muscle hence taking some of the strain off the muscle. It is a good idea to put heel pads in both shoes because otherwise one leg will become longer than the other due to the raised heel thereby creating an imbalance and possibly leading to other associated injuries / pain. For more comprehensive treatment and to minimise the risk of re-injury, Sportsinjuryclinic.net advise seeing a professional therapist (such as physiotherapist, sports therapist, osteopath or chiropractor) who can also devise a full calf strain rehabilitation program including stretching and strengthening exercises. A doctor or medical professional may prescribe anti-inflammatory medication e.g. ibuprofen which is beneficial in the first few days after the injury. Do not take ibuprofen if you have asthma and always speak to a pharmacist or doctor before taking medications. There is some evidence that anti-inflammatories can impair healing so do not take them for more than a few days at the beginning of the injury. Also, taking medication can sometimes "mask" any pain and may therefore be detrimental to the healing

You may want to consider applying some ice to the affected joints. The ice can help reduce the inflammation and swelling. Make sure that you wrap the ice in a dish cloth or paper towel and then apply it to the affected area. Apply the ice to the area for 20 to 30 minutes at a time, several times during the

- This is a method used to treat soft tissue injuries, and when done correctly can be extremely effective. The first step is rest, which is the “R.” It is important not to put any weight on it, as this can make the injury worse. The “I” is for ice. For contusions, 20 minutes of ice and 40 minutes of rest in the first 48 after the injury, to reduce pain, swelling and redness. The “C” stands for compression, which is to be done after the first 48 hours. It is done to reduce swelling even further. The “E” is for elevation, which is done to reduce the blood flow to the injured site. This again reduces swelling and redness. The final “R” is for referral. The athlete should see a medical professional if it is a serious injury, or the condition of

After reduction, you should rest, ice, raise (elevate), and apply pressure (compression) to the injured area. You may be given a cast or a splint to keep your leg

Ankle sprains occur when supporting ligaments stretch too far or even tear. Even though a ankle sprain is caused by a tear in the ligament, it is a relatively common injury and generally only causes instability of the ankle. A more severe ankle sprain could potentially cause the supporting ligament to completely tear away from the bone, causing the ankle discomfort, pain, and the inability to function properly. A sprain can cause pain when you walk, run, or make sudden movements with your ankle. Not all ankle sprains are severe injuries, but they should always be checked out if they are causing pain or no signs of healing. Although the intensity of the injury varies, common symptoms include pain, swelling, bruising, and

Assuming you now have a sprained ankle, whether it be from sports or just everyday life, it really doesn't matter. You need to heal your ankle with a good ankle treatment program that works. Okay, so when it comes to a sprained ankle, there are a few main ankle treatment options. First, there is rest and ice. It is known as R.I.C.E. (rest, ice, compression, elevation). This is the least proactive method available to you. You basically just rest and ice your ankle until you can walk again. There are a huge number of problems with this treatment, because it does absolutely nothing to actually heal your ankle. Plus, it is now understood that ice is only effective for the first two days. After that, you are only effectively helping your ankle from rest.

An easy way to do this is to sit in a chair and prop the injured ankle on another chair or stool.

Stress Fractures Treatment of a stress fracture is based primarily on moderation and rehabilitation. Once diagnosed, the injured area should be relieved of as much stress as possible through varied means such as a walking boot or crutches. If the affected region is not permitted to rest the injury may intensify with activity and daily activities, causing extensive and complicated issues. If swelling is present, ice can help in the reduction of the discomfort which often presents itself as intense pressure in a concentrated region (Oakes). Anti-inflammatory medications can also be taken to reduce the swelling and allow the blood to flow more easily. Rehabilitation should begin after the initial injury phase and should include target work outs

While waiting for help to arrive, you can take some actions to prevent any further injury from occurring. The first step is to stop any bleeding. Next, immobilize the injured area by applying a splint, but do not try to push the bone back in place, because that will cause further injury. Apply ice packs to relieve swelling and pain,

Applying ice packs will reduce pain and inflammation significantly. You can apply an ice pack while seated, cold pack will numb the area and you will feel less pain.