Gurian Chapter 1 Summary

There are many factors that influence students’ participation in learning. Some examples of these factors include the learning atmosphere of the school, teaching strategies and the student’s capabilities (Groundwater-Smith, et al., 2015b; Nixon & Gould, 2005). In order for students to complete different tasks during lessons, it is important that teachers present clear and concise instructions. According to Porter (2014a), by providing clear instructions and high quality examples, teachers may help to increase a student’s academic performance. In addition, by removing classroom

The three primary arenas of research to explain biological differences between men and women are is the evolutionary theory, brain research, and endocrinological research. The evolutionary psychology declares an ability to explain psychological differences between women and men through their evolutionary trajectories (Kimmel 24). Therefore, women and man have not change

and student attendance, reduction in discipline problems, reduction in teacher stress, increased motivation among teachers and students after returning refreshed from more frequent breaks, and increased availability of enrichment opportunities during inter-sessions” (Palmer & Bemis, 1999).

Despite the difference between gender and sex, this is not to say the two are independent of each other. One predication of sex is an individual 's hormones. Hormones are chemical messengers that communicate in the body. Males and females have the same hormones in their bodies, but differ in the amount, effect and areas in which they are concentrated. Male hormones are androgens, the main one being testosterone. Testosterone in males account for many of their sexual characteristics, the testosterone in the hypothalamus of the brain results in the masculinization of it. This sexual characteristic can interfere with gender identity, said to cause typically male behaviors,

Hormones are also associated with sexual characteristics and function at different levels from infancy to adulthood. Puberty triggers a specific gender and one will attract to the opposite sex (normally).

“ Students do become behaviorally, emotionally, and cognitively involved in the learning activities their teachers provide (e.g., write an essay, solve a math problem), and their extent of effort, enjoyment, and strategic thinking does predict important outcomes, such as achievement. But students also do more than this. Students also, more or less, proactively contribute into the flow of instruction they receive as they attempt not only to learn but also to create a more motivationally supportive learning environment for themselves ( Bandura,

According to sociobiology our sex, or, our biological differences are what determines our gender. Sociobiologists suggest that biological elements such as our hormones, chromosomes and the size of our brain are what influence our behaviour and consequently what differentiates our gender. Because men produce more testosterone and androgens than women, which are linked to strength and aggression, sociobiologists argue that this explains men’s dominant and aggressive behaviour. (Haralambos & Holborn, 2000)

     Biology too plays a major role in the differences between male and female. Genetically, there are differing chromosomes. XY for male and XX for female. These chromosome differences account for the physical differences that men and women have. In dealing with body composition, males are more likely to be taller and more muscular. Males also have testosterone, the male sex hormone. It is said that males with high levels are more confrontational and smile less. Women that have low levels of estrogen, the female sex hormone, are said to be more disagreeable and confrontational. Maybe because men have such a huge advantage over women by being physically larger, they are supposed to be more aggressive and women having less physical strength are supposed to be the nurturers.

hormones and levels of these hormones. The amount and type of hormones we experience while in the womb are responsible for differentiating female brains from male brains and vice versa.

The male and female composure has many differences that make up the structure of the society we cherish. There are contradicting features between a man and woman. Men are stamped by muscular platforms that complement rigid labor. Women are slightly less muscular, but more flexible and emotional in work. The female body has a wonderful gift of birthing a child. Creating a life within her womb is what allows both sexes to co-exist today. Men have the key that allows the beginning of a youngling within females? ovaries. A man tends to be less emotional than a woman due to higher testosterone levels in his genetic make up. Women have higher levels of estrogen moreover testosterone, which gives way to a more compassionate lifestyle. Ability to sense smell, touch, taste, sight, and sound is stronger

Teachers can help improve the student’s educational experience through strategies and interventions. The following is a short list the teacher may try using:

Looking at male and females we can see the noticeable physical differences between the two sex, but besides exterior differences, there are subtle but significant differences within the brain. Spasificly INAH3 which is called “third interstitial nucleus of the anterior hypothalamus” which is typically about two to three times larger

Biologically, there are some differences between males and females. Boys do tend to be a bit more aggressive, while girls are usually more verbal. Males also have better spatial skills, which research seems to contribute to their higher testosterone levels, as women with higher testosterone also seem to have greater spatial reasoning skills. (Kimura 50).

There are certain qualities that make secondary students more challenging to guide than primary students. It is unfair to say they do not enjoy learning, but they need to see a connection of the knowledge they acquire in the classroom is relevant to their own lives. If a student does not feel he or she has received any satisfaction in the classroom, the risk of them rebelling increases. The adolescent years are the formative years for people, and what occurs during this period will have a lasting effect. If students feel disconnected or unsatisfied with knowledge, their learning will undoubtedly be compromised. They constantly need to be encouraged and guided through daily activities and interaction. It is essential that young people foster healthy interactions with teachers who they are able to depend on and who can assist in their growth.

According to WHO.com, the biological differences in male and female is determined by the chromosomes and phenotypes of a human beings. As we are all created with an equal amount of 46 chromosomes, therefore our biological standpoint makes us equal yet with different physical appearances