Histopathological Analysis

Describe the series of events that occur in skin, which is healing with the help of a skin graft?

Skin tears are traumatic wound that have been described as the “underestimated” wound and a

In normal wound healing procedure, fibroblasts (the cells present in connective tissue) synthesize the protein collagen, which gives structural support to the wound and plays a major role in every stage of wound healing. However, when fibroblasts produce far more collagen than generally required, Keloids formation takes place.

The main outcome measures were the percent area of the wound compared to baseline area of the wound. As the wound decreased in size it is theoretically assumed that the wound is healing. The central concepts of the study were based on ultraviolet-C positive effects on wound healing in vitro. In vitro studies effects include; modification of growth factors, fibronectin release from fibroblast, epidermal cell proliferation, killing of pathogens, accelerated DNA synthesis, and antibiotic-resistant organisms.

Skin repair is an important physiological process which is essential for homeostasis, restoring barrier function and preventing infection (Martin, 2009; Boateng and Catanzano, 2015). Wound healing is defined as a complex, dynamic and the specific biological process associated with the phenomena of tissue regeneration and growth (Mazumder et al., 2016). Regeneration can be defined as a tissue that significantly damaged either completely or partially removed and tissue's original function and cell types must be functional and structurally restored (Mazumder et al., 2016). The process of healing comprises a cytokine, blood cells, extracellular matrix and growth factor (Joao De Masi et al., 2016). The growth factor is a protein that activates and

Similarly, in a literature report, bacterial cellulose-collagen hydrogels act as a barrier against microbes and provide moisture (Moraes et al., 2016). It was also found that NCs wound dressings could be easily removed from wounds without causing any disruption in the healing process. Similarly, bacterial cellulose-vaccarin membranes have also been reported to better retain the wound fluid beneficial for enhancing healing in rats (Qui et al., 2016).

The main outcome measures were the percent area of the wound compared to baseline area of the wound. As the wound decreased in size it is theoretically assumed that the wound is healing. The central concepts of the study were based on ultraviolet-C positive effects on wound healing in vitro. In vitro studies effects include; modification of growth factors, fibronectin release from fibroblast, epidermal cell proliferation, killing of pathogens, accelerated DNA synthesis, and antibiotic-resistant organisms.

For example, the signs and symptoms of wound infection could be confused with the inflammatory phase, while parts of the wound may be in the destructive phase, with other parts in the proliferative phase. Nevertheless, to recognise that the complex physiological process can be divided into distinct phases from the initial emergency response to injury through a process of repair and regeneration to complete healing helps the nurse in the clinical decision-making process.

Rafail et al. examine the role effects of the complement system, a division of the immune system, on the wound healing process in miceexcisional cutaneou. The study focused focuses on the third (C3) and fifth (C5) main components of the complement system believed to mediate the inflammatory responsetwo., C3 and C , The experimenters induceThe C3-/- mice, lacking the third component of the complement system, exhibited smaller wound surface areas compared to C3 +/+ mice. The authors suggest the decreased inflammatory response and the increased presence of mast cells and α-SMA+ vessels indicate the development of new vasculature and account for the improved wound healing rates in C3-/- mice. Mice lacking C5 similarly exhibited increased

Table 3: Wound healing in treatment groups. Wound healing Sucralfate group N= 50 Lidocaine group N=48 Placebo group N=45 P value 21st day 31(62%) 19 (39.5%) 17 (37.7%) 0.028

Neutrophils start with the critical task of destroying and removing bacteria, foreign particles and any remaining damaged tissue. This phagocytic activity is crucial as bacterial imbalance within acute wounds causes the wound to stop healing. Neutrophils are attracted to the site of injury within 24 – 36 hours by pro-inflammatory cytokines including TGF- β. Neutrophils are one of the most abundant cells of the immune system and they are extremely active during the repair of cutaneous wounds. In general, the antimicrobial

To test for wound healing, excision wounds were created on THE exposed mice. The wound tissues were collected at various time intervals for 14 days after the injury. Looking at RNA concentration and using a spectrophotometer, the changes of expression level between exposed and non-exposed wound tissue were compared.

While inflammation is often viewed in a negative connotation, inflammation is actually an essential component of the healing process. Inflammation is commonly associated with pain, swelling, and redness; however, these effects are the body’s natural response to injury as blood and white blood cells move into the tissue and stimulate the repair process.2, 29 Therefore it is important to understand that even though certain molecular signals are traditionally identified as pro-inflammatory molecules, they are also critical molecules to support tissue regeneration through stimulation of reparative cells. Only when inflammation persists, as in chronic wounds, can it lead to tissue damage and prevent progression through the healing process. Therefore,

* Healing: When the epidermis breaks away due to a minor cut or burn, the cells on the lower layers of the skin migrate upwards as a sheet. When two ends of the sheet meet, the cells stop growing due to a process called 'contact inhibition'. Thus, the epidermis is sealed and the skin returns to normal.

When injury occurs, the body goes through different phases in order to complete its recovery, each phase has a specific job with the intention of preparing the body for the next phase of recovery. The phases that the body goes through are; the bleeding phase, the inflammatory phase, the proliferation phase and the remodelling phase, each of these phases happen at a specific time within the recovery after the injury. The phase that this essay is going to look at is the inflammatory phase and what role the inflammation has in tissue healing whilst briefly discussing what impacts it will have in a clinical setting.