3) Audience Variables How much the audience is attending to the material also influences persuasion. There are two contrasting hypotheses put forth on the effect of distraction on persuasion; distraction hypothesis and learning-theory hypothesis (Haaland & Venkatesan 1986). Distraction hypothesis suggests that distraction enhances persuasion especially when the content of the message contains information that would attack the recipient’s beliefs. For example, a study conducted by Festinger and Maccoby (Haaland et al. 1968) depicted this effect. The participants, who were members of fraternities, were presented a speech recording that argued against fraternities. Some of the participants just listened to the speech (no-distraction group) while others watched a silent movie while listening to it (distraction group). Attitude change was more pronounced in the distracted group. The …show more content…
Studies found that young adults and older adults to be more persuadable, whereas middle adults tend to be resistant to attitude change (Eaton ,Visser, Krosnick, Anand 2009). There have been some theories looking at why certain ages are more susceptible to attitude change than others. Studies looking at this found that younger people tend to be susceptible to attitude change since they are still at early stage of socialization (Krosnick & Alwin 1957). Other studies looked at middle adults and positions of power at work. Studies suggest that the reason for their resistance could be due to role middle adults take in the workplace (especially in places of power) where it’s expected for one to be unyielding. A series of studies (Eaton et al. 2009) found that middle adults had internalized this role and became a part of their self-concept. It also found that when exposing persuasive messages to different age groups, the middle adults indeed displayed less attitude change than the younger and
Today, one can see the tactic of persuasion being used as a standard avenue to influence a person’s attitude or beliefs by presenting them with different messages that encourage things like using certain brand name products, vote a certain way, or where to take a vacation just to name a few. There are four types of people that include gullible people, skeptical people, firm believers, and people who are leaders who trust others as well as make others follow their ideas. Persuasion is a widespread topic of social psychology and may be done in different ways. There are two types of cognitive processes by which to persuade someone, which are the central route or the peripheral route. For this assignment I used mostly the central route approach as well as using a little of the peripheral route approach. To reinforce the peripheral route approach the use of pathos was also used during the video to play on the emotions of the watcher. This PowerPoint is effective at using the central route of persuasion, peripheral
“As we explore persuasion, we can divide the persuasive communication into three parts: the communicator, the message, and the audience. First, we will deal with what characteristics of persuaders make people more likely to be persuaded. Next, we will think about characteristics of the message that lead people to change. Finally, we will explore what characteristics of the audience can lead them to be persuaded.” (Feenstra, 2011, p. 88) For your assignment this week, provide an in-depth analysis of the three parts of persuasion. Please reference the bullet points below to complete your assignment.
In Jane Austen’s Persuasion, unlike many of her previous works the protagonists involved are middle aged lovers; Anne and Wentworth, who struggled with love before. The narrator of the story has given up on Anne’s prospective of marriage, and so has Anne; however, knowing the conformist pattern of protagonists in her novels, the reader can expect the outcome of Anne’s relationship. Indeed, as it becomes known that the Crofts are to be chosen as the future residents of Kellynch Hall and the possibility of Wentworth again appearing in front of Anne exposes itself, there is a sense of recurrence in the events that initially led the falling apart of the two before. Persuasion is a suitable title for this novel, as must reconsider her previous
A cult, also known as a new religious movement, is defined as an exclusive group of individuals who come together to follow a leader's extreme ideas. A cult holds three general characteristics which include: being led by a charismatic leader, has radical beliefs and rituals compared to the norm, and isolates its members from their society to protect them from “evil”. The Unification Church, short for The Holy Spirit Association for the Unification of World Christianity, is a cult that began in 1954 and was founded by Sun Myung Moon. Moon believed Jesus appeared to him when he was a teenager and told him he was carefully chosen to continue the Kingdom of Heaven on Earth. He was told that Jesus himself had begun this mission before his death,
Gerard A. Hauser covers a plethora of details on how to create a well-made persuasive argument in his book, an Introduction to Rhetorical Theory; however, he covered three specific essentials that are necessary for persuasion: the components logos, pathos and ethos; purposive discourse and rhetorical competence; identification. I will argue for each constituent, respectively, to prove that persuasion cannot thrive without the aforementioned essentials.
Older people have more invested in the system and middle aged and older people with a lot of life experience and maturity are wary of big revolutionary changes,” said Jewett.
After reading the article by Farag, Tullai-McGuinesss, & Anthony (2009), I will reflect upon my experiences in a leadership role dealing with various different age groups through numerous situations. The discussion will include the generation I generally identify with, with whom I tend to work best with, and how this affects my unit. I will also reflect on the author's conclusions and recommendations and how they will likely affect my area of practice.
According to the study of Center on Aging and Work/Workplace Flexibility at Boston collage, there are many negative stereotypes about older workers. The reading passage discusses these negative stereotypes but the listening passage contradicts these stereotypes by giving explanations.
* Dr. Cialdini explained that commitments are more powerful when they are active; public; effortful; and viewed as internally motivated. The statement of the commentator is accurate because the motorcycle owners had made their commitment public by tattooing their commitment on their
They can help Boomers better understand the traits they don’t understand in Gen Y. Boomers have expressed an assumption that Gen X and Y don’t want to “pay their dues” and work hard, long hours to get ahead. However, research shows that isn’t the case. Both the younger generations are willing to work hard and work extra hours—when necessary—but they are not willing to sacrifice their personal time just to be seen at the office after 5:00 p.m. They feel that if they can get their work done between 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m., why should they stay late? In addition, Gen X can help Gen Y to understand that Boomers are looking for initiative. Staying late to work on an important project communicates teamwork and loyalty to the company. There is also a huge difference between how Boomers and Gen Y view the structure of an organization. Gen Y doesn’t see any problem with marching right into the CEO’s office to pitch an idea; however, Boomers prefer to follow the established chain of command. Gen X can help Boomers understand that Gen Y is not disrespectful of authority, but their experiences have “flattened” their view of organizations. At the same time, Gen X can help Gen Y understand the organization’s established channels and how following those paths can help them be much more successful. results (Lancaster, L., & Stillman, D.
There is little evidence that persuasion can be effective because subjects do not integrate the information into their own belief system. The experiment was designed to test the relative importance of attribution versus persuasive manipulations by comparing persuasion treatment with an attribution treatment. The persuasion techniques were designed to be maximally effective by using a credible source delivering a repeated message stating the benefits of change. The attribution techniques were designed to be maximally
The principle issue between ages is a matter of would they be able to carry out the employment. People from other periods in life might not be particularly over intrigue by finding out about new viewpoints or methods for doing things. Another obstruction is the measure of progress that between generational blending at the workplace carries with it. Numerous individuals oppose change, feeling significantly happier with leaving things the way they are. An assorted quality of any sort frequently brings
The company Sensational Salsa paid individuals to lie on a Facebook page about their product being delicious when in fact people did not enjoy it, this influenced people through both central and peripheral routes of persuasion. The individuals who posted the false reviews also began to buy the salsa, due to cognitive dissonance. Cognitive dissonance, central, and peripheral routes to persuasion are all extremely effective in getting listeners to agree with their message.
Effective leaders of my age are faced with a few challenges, quite a few actually. One being the generational divide that currently exists between four different workplace peer groups: Traditionalists, Baby Boomers, my age group of Generation X, and Millennials. Aside from increased global diversity, our workforce has mushroomed with generational cultures as well. Young associates of today are the future leaders of tomorrow, yet there is an obligation to honor the long-term commitment of our older associates. When bridging these distinct generations,
Petty and Cacioppo (1981) have developed the elaboration likelihood model of persuasion which explains the peripheral route to persuasion and the central route. In the peripheral route, persuasive influences are more tangential to the issues at hand. For egg- in a PSA targeted against smoking in youth, the peripheral route will show the teenagers having a better sex life after quitting smoking. (William G. Shadel, January 2009) Central processing occurs when the person at hand is aware about the main message of the PSA and is motivated to consider its content. We will analyze the use of celebrities for both these routes of persuasion and try to find out the effectiveness in each case.