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Human Resource Management ( Hr )

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Human Resource Management (HR) acts to serve a function which is aimed at maximizing the overall performance of a business and its employees in relation to the employer 's set standards and strategic objectives. The primary focus of HR is concentrated upon the management of employees, and on the policies and systems within and outside the organisation. (Boxall & Purcell, 2011). “Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) aims to align the functions and processes of HR with the strategic aims and objectives and competitive advantage of an organisation.” (Hartel, Fujimoto, Strybosch & Fitzpatrick, 2006). After all, the key characteristic of HR is ‘integration.’ The role of HR and HR Professionals can be linked to four main SHRM theories which will be discussed below:
According to the first theory- Jackson & Schuler’s theory; “a variety of macro-level environmental characteristics influence the adoption of particular organisational HR practices, policies and philosophies.” (Hartel, Fujimoto, Strybosch & Fitzpatrick, 2006). Therefore macro-level environmental factors such as: laws and regulations, politics and culture all need to be considered by the HR department or HR Professionals as these factors will ultimately influence the organisation’s performance and overall success. Jackson and Schuler’s model also indicates how aspects such as the size of a business, the structure of a business, the strategy of a business, the technology of a business and the stage in a business’s

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