Hypogonadism
What is hypogonadism?
Hypogonadism is a medical condition characterized by reduced testosterone production in men due to either testicular failure (primary hypogonadism) or pituitary disease (secondary hypogonadism). Men may develop symptoms such as decreased sexual desire (reduced libido), erectile dysfunction, problems with ejaculation, fatigue, and anemia as a result of low testosterone levels.
Long term, hypogonadism can also result in decreased muscle mass and osteoporosis. Due to the importance of this condition, it is critical that patients understand its causes, symptoms, and treatment. By the end of this article, you will have the answers to these essential questions
• What causes hypogonadism?
• How common is hypogonadism?
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How is hypogonadism diagnosed?
The diagnosis of hypogonadism is suggested based on symptoms and physical examination, but typically confirmed with laboratory studies. Your doctor will typically obtain total testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin, and free testosterone levels. These are typically checked first thing in the morning, around 8am. They will also usually check gonadotroph levels - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).
If you have low testosterone levels and elevated gonadotrophs levels, this suggests primary hypogonadism. In contrast, if you have low testosterone and gonadotrophs levels, this is consistent with secondary hypogonadism.
Your doctor will typically obtain additional tests if the diagnosis of hypogonadism has been confirmed. This can consist of a sperm analysis for sperm count and quality. They also usually order a scrotal ultrasound with Doppler to evaluate testicular structure and assess for adequate blood supply to the testes. If secondary hypogonadism is suspected, your doctor may recommend a brain
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• Testicular failure can also result in decreased testosterone production – This is called primary hypogonadism.
• The most common causes include: testicular trauma, infection of the testes , testicular torsion, and gonadal tumors requiring removal of testes.
• The diagnosis of hypogonadism is suggested based on symptoms and physical examination, but typically confirmed with laboratory studies.
• Your doctor will typically obtain total testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin, and free testosterone levels. These are typically checked first thing in the morning, around 8am. They will also usually check gonadotroph levels - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).
• If you have low testosterone levels and elevated gonadotrophs levels, this suggests primary hypogonadism. In contrast, if you have low testosterone and gonadotrophs levels, this is consistent with secondary hypogonadism.
• If secondary hypogonadism is suspected, your doctor may recommend a brain MRI.
• Primary hypogonadism is typically treated with testosterone replacement therapy. There are various options including intramuscular injections, patches, and
The prevalence of Klinefelter syndrome appears to be approximately 1 in 660 males, and recent data suggest a rising incidence over the last decades. (58) It is the most frequent form of primary testicular dysfunction affecting spermatogenesis as well as hormone production and is found in
It can be misdiagnosed because the symptoms can be similar to depression. When in fact it can also be a genetic defect, such as a dysfunctional pituitary gland that produces the luteinizing hormone that signals your testicles to get to work. The use of
Reproductive disorder can occur in males and females, in some cases resulting in infertility in female and impotency in male. To prevent these complications early detection and treatment is recommended.
Reduced libido, impotence, male infertility, testicular of reduced volume and texture, soft, small prostate; or menstrual abnormalities, amenorrhea, hypotension peripartum, atrophy of the breasts, the vagina, the labia majora, osteoporosis, premature atherosclerosis oriented in both sexes to a secondary hypogonadism.
Total of 561 male subjects participated in the experiment. All subjects diagnosed with hypogonadism had total testosterone level less than 11 nmol/L (normal) and free testosterone level less than 220pmol/L (normal). Over 6 years, all subjects received treatment with testosterone undecanoate every 6 weeks. The average total testosterone level increased from 8.96 ± 1.95 to 16.18 ± 2.74 nmol/L (normal 9-38nmol/L). The average weight decreased from 102.52 ± 15.56 to 90.15 ± 9.68 kg and the average waist circumference decreased from 106.54 ± 9.03 to 98.26 ± 7.1. In addition, subjects showed progression in sexual functions and metabolism. Among the subjects, prostate cancer occurred in 11 men. The result indicated that TRT has significantly increased testosterone level and decreased weight and waist circumference of patients into normal range
Although low testosterone is a very common issue, something else may be going on, and other problems with these symptoms need to be eliminated. If the problem is low testosterone, a booster may be of help," Wilson continues.
Whatever the cause, adult onset low testosterone may be associated with fatigue, reduced interest in sex, less frequent spontaneous erections, and loss of muscle strength. Fatigue is the most common symptom.
Low testosterone or Low-T is underproduction or lack of production of testosterone in men and women. Causes of Low-T include chronic medical conditions (especially liver or kidney diseases), infections, obesity, medications, or hormonal conditions. Symptoms of this can include but are not limited to change in sleep patterns, reduced sex drive, sexual dysfunction, infertility, emotional changes, decreased strength, and weight gain. The diagnosis of low-T is correlated to a low blood level with the listed symptoms.
Nonetheless, the ideal authority would, of path, be the surgeon who would compare you and ask for a blood sample and urine scan. He would then prefer the pleasant direction of motion and medication for you. The medication is also Cialis or tadalafil capsules. These capsules outcomes speedily and permit you to resume your usual sexual
Dr. F. Albright and Dr. H. F. Klinefelter were two endocrinologists working at Boston Massachusetts General Hospital in 1942 that were examining nine adult males that ranged in age from 17 to 38. They were all experiencing common symptoms that were unusual to say the least. These symptoms seemed to manifest during their adolescent years and they were described as having bilateral gynecomastia, unusually small testicles, aspermatatogensis, increased follicle stimulating hormone levels or FSH and decreased 17-ketosteriod levels. (Visootsak, Aylstock, & Graham, 2001, p.2) Dr. Albright discussed and encouraged Dr. Klinefelter to gather information and organize a case study involving all nine men to help determine the underlying cause of why
Depending on the results of testing, your physician may refer you to a local urologist. This type of doctor can diagnose and help treat many causes of male infertility, including anatomic factors such as an obstruction or varicocele, endocrine factors such as complications from diabetes, and functional factors such as erectile dysfunction.
Once a treatment plan is in place a physician can monitor the progression or regression of a sexual dysfunctions by regular visits and conducting physical examinations as well as labs. If the patient needed psychological interventions then a repeat psychological evaluation can be a helpful indicator to determine if the treatment is working. The physician
In some cases, men who suffer from erectile dysfunction have a strong deficiency of zinc in the body. This deficiency can be caused by long-term use of diuretics, or the presence of conditions such as diabetes, kidney and liver disease or digestive disorders.
The thyroid hormones, often referred to as the major metabolic hormones, affect virtually every cell in the body. Synthesis and secretion of the thyroid hormones depend on the presence of iodine and tyrosine as well as maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid system (Kirsten, 2000).
Although fatigue is not necessarily a physical manifestation, it is clear to see when someone is physically exhausted. Even though the thyroid is calling for more thyroid stimulating hormone, it is not being produced by the body and thus affects how much energy a person has. With the fatigue, a vast majority of people with hypothyroidism also experience a decrease in muscle mass in combination with their weight gain. It is also normal to feel weak just in doing everyday