Hypotensive Anesthesia

The anesthetiser jar with cork containing the cotton wool was sealed and left for fifteen minutes

Ripping, piercing, probing, prodding, slicing, poking, cutting, carving...and you won't feel a thing, thanks to the miracle of anesthesiologists. An Anesthesiologist has lot of different responsibilities, but an anesthesiologist is not just a direct job . There are different surgeries that they handle and not every surgery requires the same anesthetics. Considering the different types of anesthetics there are multitudinous of anesthesiologists. It is expected that the patients really get fidgety when it comes to surgery, vaguely they ask questions mostly to ease them before the surgery. Nevertheless, others think that an anesthesiologist isnt important in the medical field, for the reason that the surgeon does “most of the work”. However,

Before surgery, the anesthesiologist will evaluate the patient’s current and past health to create an anesthetic plan fit for the patient. During surgery, he/she will diagnose and treat any issues that might come up. This is considered a dangerous job because giving too much anesthetic can easily kill a patient and not giving enough can create a risk of the patient waking up or feeling some parts of the

However, there data becomes limited on on the effects of mild (35.0 to 35.9oC) to moderate (34.0 to 34.9oC) hypothermia on patients and whether the course and immensity of these effects of hypothermia can be generalised in major AAA surgery and other surgeries.

(History of Nurse Anesthesia Practice. 2010, May), (Koch, E., Downey, P., Kelly, J. W., & Wilson, W. 2001).

General anesthesia may be needed if there are complications. This is because you need special care when you are under general anesthesia.

About 234.2 million surgeries are performed each year with anesthesia, and has an average of 65% success rate (TG, Weiser). People get many medical issues that require them to get surgery such as serious back problems, cancers, etc. Drugs are being used to remove pain during surgeries. This never happened before, though. Due to his exploration of many numbing substances, the encounters of ether’s effect, and the exchange of this discovery around the world, William Morton’s discovery of anesthesia affected the lives of many individuals and changed the way surgery is performed to this day.

A general anaesthetic always involves hypnotic agent, usually an analgesic and may also include muscle relaxation. This combination is referred to as “triad of anaesthesia”. The relative importance of each component depends on surgical and patient factors: the intervention planned, site, surgical access requirement and the degree of pain or stimulation anticipated. The technique is tailored to the individual

From the first wound wrapping, to the toughest open heart surgery, medics have come a long way. One of the greatest breakthrough was made in the mid-19th century, which was the discovery of anesthesia. With this, surgeons were able to take their time with surgeries, which let them try out more complex

In the operating room, one of the most important jobs is that of an anesthesiologist. He or she is a medical doctor who administers anesthesia, a drug used to reduce pain, to a patient during a surgical procedure. An anesthesiologist is responsible for monitoring the patient before, during, and after the surgical procedure to ensure the correct dosage of anesthesia is administered and to deal with any allergic reactions to or complications with the drug. Before administering the drug, an anesthesiologist must carefully review a patient’s medical history and condition to find the correct dosage of anesthesia needed. He or she must also meet with the patient to explain what will be happening when the patient is under the influence of the drug.

Anesthesiologists give patients anesthetics in a variety of ways, such as “orally, intravenously, by gas or direct injection to render patients insensible to pain Anesthesiologists typically maintain the same daily schedule a surgeon follows, participating in both scheduled and unscheduled operations. Anesthesiologists are responsible for determining the proper anesthetic and dosage level for each patient. They monitor the patients progress prior to, during, and after surgery.”(“Anesthesiologist” 31)

One of the major conditions that have to be attained for a successful operation is anaesthetizing the patient. This however may lead to unplanned perioperative hypothermia. Unintentional perioperative hypothermia resulting in a core body temperature lower than 37C (98.6F) has been shown to cause serious patient complications and to significantly in-crease health care costs (Levin, Wright, Pecoraro and Kopec, 2016)which has been an issue in the practice, and can lead to serious negative consequences on the patient as listed by Ramaswamy (2008, p.1) :

After being reminded by the instructor, I was aware of my mistakes and noticed that I failed to maintain patient’s safety. An oxygen below 90% can be very dangerous for the patient, especially for a post-op day #1 patient, because prolonged hypoxemia can cause fatigue, headache, acute respiratory failure, cardiac problems (increased heart rate,

Anesthesia was developed in order to block or prevent pain during medical procedures. Anesthesia has been the backbone of the medical world for around 100 years now. Early anesthetics were primitive and many patients simply did not trust anesthetics. Anesthesia is still a risky process even in todays advanced medical world. Anesthesia is not used to treat or diagnose any specific disease; the sole purpose is to aid both the patient and surgeon through procedures. However, anesthesia is used in different ways based on the magnitude of the procedure. There are three levels of anesthesia which include; local, regional, and general anesthesia. An anesthesiologist determines which type of anesthesia will be needed.

When there is a complication of the regional anesthesia which might include anaphylaxis, overdose, incorrect delivery technique and systemic absorption, the nurse will monitor for systemic toxic reaction which comprises of monitoring the central nervous system (CNS) stimulation along with CNS and cardiac depression. The nurse will also assess the patient for incoherent speech, restlessness, blurred vision, excitement, headache, nausea, vomiting, metallic taste, seizures, tremors, increase blood pressure, respiration and pulse. The patient may become apnea, hypotensive, unconscious, and have a cardiac arrest which may lead to death if the toxic reaction is not treated. Nursing intervention for the complication of regional anesthesia include establishing an open airway, administering oxygen, and notifying the surgeon. Treatment usually comprise of a fast acting barbiturate with epinephrine being administered for cardiac arrest. Edema and inflammation is an early sign of local complication with abscess formation, tissue necrosis and /or gangrene occurring later (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2013). Since general anesthesia was administer in addition to the regional anesthesia, the nurse and anesthesiologist will have to also monitor for complication of general anesthesia which range from a minor sore throat to death. Certain drugs used for general anesthesia may cause an acute, life threatening complication know as malignant hyperthermia (MH). The exposure of these agent to the skeletal muscle causes an increases in serum calcium and potassium level, metabolic rate leading to increased body temperature, acidosis and cardiac dysrhythmias. MH might occur immediately after the administration of the anesthesia, or several hours into the