Gender Inequality in Basketball
Argumentative Essay
In 1871, Dr. James Naismith invented basketball as an activity for his male students at a YMCA school in Massachusetts. A year later, Senda Berenson who is a physical education teacher organized the first women basketball team at Smith College. The rules of the sport for men were more complex than those of the women. It was adapted to women and later recognized as netball. The first time that female athletes were given a chance to play a full court basketball game was in the year 1971 because they were considered vigorous enough to perform the activity. A year after the first full court women’s basketball game, President Nixon signed Title IX of Educational Amendment (US Sports Academy, 2008). Title IX states that no person should be prohibited from activities and discriminated for their sexual category. There is also a Philippine act similar to this, which is the republic act no. 9710 that refers to the “magna carta of women.” This paper intends to discuss why women deserve equal
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The factors that make the game more exciting are the reaction of the live audience and watching the popular athletes that play the sport. There is abundance of money in the advertisement of men’s basketball that will lead to high television ratings and a high percentage of attendance in their games (Silverman, 2015). For this reason critics believe that men’s basketball is more exciting to watch because of the popular players, the live audience and also the high quality of advertising and screening. Though the previous argument is valid, there is a lack of funding in women’s basketball that serves as a hindrance to acquire recognition (Bailey, 2013). If women’s basketball advertising are given the same amount of money that is given to men, their games will be more exciting because there will be more live viewers and higher quality
Before Title IX was signed by President Nixon on June 23 and went into effect on July 1 of 1972, both women and young girls were excluded from many activities that men and young boys were allowed to do. Since the passing of Title IX, women have excelled in all sports tremendously. This essay will argue that because of Title IX, women can now participate in various activities and sports. Title IX of Educational Amendments prohibits sex discrimination in any educational program or activity receiving any type of financial aid, and because of this enactment made by Congress in 1972, women have left their mark on sports history.
Women athletes are often exploited by marketers and advertisers who want to increase their revenues and bottom line sales. Advertisers focus more on the women’s “skin” and sex appeal rather than women’s athletes, leaving the impression that woman are not as talented in the sports as male athletes (Roenigk 1). Many spectators and advertisers do not take female professional sports seriously and think that female athletes play more for fun. Therefore, female athletes do not receive as much attention for their talent. Advertisers exploit women athletes by focusing on their looks and appearances. Advertisers focus on the female athlete’s sex appeal rather than talent (Julius 2). Those who are more talented can be drafted to play professionally where they receive a salary. However, marketers still focus more on male sports. Therefore, increased revenue continues as spectators buy tickets to watch professional male athletes. The female athletes continue to generate revenues from sex appeal and looks over talent. This professional salary in no way compares to the pay received by professional male athletes.
"Gender Oppression Involving Men's and Women's Sports." : Analysis of a Scholarly Source: Equal Pay? Not on the Basketball Court" by David Woods. N.p., 28 Oct. 2014. Web. 28 Oct. 2015. .
While Title IX is often thought of “the women’s sports bill”, the history and progression of Title IX suggests a far more complex history. In fact, as Amanda Ross Edwards suggests, Title IX’s shift was reaction to public conflict about the bill that was spurred after the bill’s creation. The conflicts surrounding the development of Title IX suggests that debates about who should be included in educational spaces and who should be excluded from those spaces did not cease upon the Brown vs. Board of Education or after the development of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. As we examine the controversy and discourse of Title IX—especially regarding women in sports—it becomes clear that the American public was still very much interested in creating
Sports have been a large part of society throughout history. They have brought out happiness, joy, hard work, determination, and teamwork in the individuals that have participated in them. However, there have been negatives involved with sports throughout history also, including gender roles, which are defined as the public image of being a particular gender that a person presents to others. These roles have been created by society and passed down from generation to generation, informing one another of false beliefs that say that one gender, usually males, are better than females. In sports, these often say that women have significantly lower performance levels, show less drive and that women see competition as unnecessary. In reviewing the initial beliefs and problems before Title IX, the role of Title IX, the problems still existing today, and the modern movement, it is seen that progress has been made, but also that there is also more to do.
In sociology, there are 3 paradigms. There is the conflict theory perspective, the symbolic-interaction perspective and the structural-functionalist perspective. From a conflict paradigm point of view, the essay would focus on gender and how the assumption that girls lack the same level of strength and stamina as men. The WNBA (Women National Basketball League) doesn’t get the same amount of respect as the males do in the NBA (National Basketball League). Another issue could be that the NBA players have a higher annual salary than an average teacher. A structural-functionalist approach could be focused on how it creates jobs (the NBA) and academically too. Basketball could also be focused on how
Since women have been allowed to participate in sports, the global community has become a closer knit. Scholars and organizations have acknowledged this and moved their focus to helping women gain equality in several different aspects. One being the passing of title xl, which protects individuals from discrimination under any education program or activity that receives federal funding. This one action has helped shift
Over two decades have passed since the enactment of Title IX, a federal law prohibiting sex discrimination in federally funded education, including athletics. As a result of Title IX, women and girls have benefited from more athletic participation opportunities and more equitable facilities. Because of Title IX, more women have received athletic scholarships and thus opportunities for higher education that some may not have been able to afford otherwise. In addition, because of Title IX the salaries of coaches for women's teams have increased. Despite the obstacles women face in athletics, many women have led and are leading the way to gender equity.
Throughout history, according to the laws of almost every country, males have been the dominate sex. In almost every sector of life, the law has granted men more rights and privileges, whether it be property rights or the right to vote. However, in the United States, ever since women’s suffrage, all women’s rights have been increasing steadily. One privilege that men have had in the past, active and supported participation in intercollegiate sports, has also been opened up to women through Title IX, part of an amendment to the 1964 Civil Rights Act. Although Title IX does not solely target sports, its effect on college sports across the United States
According to Article 2 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, “Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in [the] Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status.” Because of the establishment of this international document, much progression toward the equality of rights for all with inherited and acquired traits has been achieved over time. In particular, gender equality has made a great deal of headway since the Olympic Games in ancient Greece. Even though this may be the case, there is no doubt that female athletes are far from considered equal as compared to male athletes in modern sports. In today’s sports society, women athletes are still discriminated against based on lower salaries, less media coverage, and lack of opportunity.
Title IX was never thought of as having anything to do with sports, but over time that changed as more female athletes emerged. Billie Jean King understood how women and sports were fundamental in the way society viewed equality, “she grasped something that second wave-feminism often missed-that sports are politics and thus an integral part of the struggle for women’s liberation.” (133) For women to be seen as equal to men, then women had to not only do what the men were doing but do it better. Women who played sports had never been taken seriously until the 70’s, and athletes like Billie Jean King sought to change the way American’s categorized females as weak, non-competitive, sweet housewives and
In today’s world, men’s sports seem to always be in the spotlight while women’s sports do not draw much attention, as if women who play sports are not taken seriously. This happens on all levels of sports, and I have personally experienced it myself through basketball in high school. While the gym would be full for any of the boys’ games, our games had very little support with almost empty bleachers. When it comes to the professional level, when women’s sports do get covered by the media, most people judge female athletes more on their looks rather than their athletic skill, which is negative and unfair.
The NBA and WNBA give the equal opportunity of playing professional basketball to both men and women, but the ages at which they are allowed to start their career differ. These age eligibility rules are believed by some to give an unequal opportunity to female basketball players. In the article, “Hoop Dreams Deferred: The WNBA, The NBA, And The Long-Standing Gender Inequality At The Game’s Highest Level”, N. Jeremi Duru discusses the age eligibility rules for the NBA and WNBA. Topics included are how they are different, how the difference is unfair to females, and how the NBA can be held responsible for the inequality to women. As a professor of law, Duru has a professional approach to the topic with a lengthy article that has claims backed by laws and has a legal case feel.
Women had very little opportunities before Title IX existed, especially in sports. They were not able to participate in any organized sports because they were only designed for men. Women only played sports or participated in any physical activities recreationally and without rules. In the past, many believed that engaging in physical activity was harmful for women’s health, especially when they were in their menstruation period. Obviously, this idea was thought by a man who believed that it is only fair for women to limit their level of physical activity. However, this did not stop women from going against the norm; many began to value physical activities more as participation and interest increased. This drove them to become more competitive.
Basketball is one of the biggest sports in America. It is also popular around the worlds. Men’s basketball, in particular, is given much more preference in American society. Many would argue that the comparison of the two simply boils down to sexism in sports, where people downgrade the strength and athletic ability of women in our society according to typical gender roles. However, there may be more confounding factors that are generally overlooked.