Interagency Partners

Policies are put in place by the government then sent to the Local Authority who will then work with the setting to adapt the policy looking at safeguarding the holistic child. The aim of a safeguarding policy is to support the 5 outcomes of the Every Child Matters (ECM) to ensure all children are:-

The U.S. Constitution provides power to the President and Congress to develop and enact national security policy (Ulrich, 1). As such our civilian leaders have the right and responsibility to maintain oversight of the military. Two civil-military relations theories, Normal and Clausewitzian, offer competing views. The Normal theory suggests officers are professionals and interference from civilian leaders is inappropriate (Cohen, 4). The Clausewitzian theory contends the statesman may inject himself in any aspect of military strategy since

Congress and the president have diverse accountabilities regarding military action, which have been sanctioned by the United Sates Constitution; there are similarities with some of these tasks, creating boundary confusion when the topic of war is addressed. Dealing with the matter of a military assault against Syria in August of 2013 the Obama administration sought the endorsement of Congress. After the authorization was requested, debates regarding a president’s need for such a request

The command structure in United States Military is vital to the success of missions carried out in or outside the country. The Department of Defense is responsible for overseeing the establishment of command hierarchies that work for specific units. The commands, guidelines, and orders are passed from the highest-ranking personnel to lowest ranking officers who must perform the directive or pass it to subordinates with the same instructions. The principles that establish the command structure in the military evaluates the performance of each command and the officers involved in the various missions. The key principles that affected the execution of Operation Anaconda resulting in mission deficiencies are organizational structure, decision-making, and collaboration.

It is abundantly apparent that joint, interagency, intergovernmental, and multinational (JIIM) interactions are vital when combating the adversaries of the United States. Conflict has significantly changed over the years and new threats have emerged that require specific countermeasures. Modern warfare presents insidious dangers from an ever-evolving enemy or adversary. According to Mr. Wall’s article, “Demystifying the Title10 – Title 50 Debate: Distinguishing Military Operations, Intelligence Activities & Covert Action,” he claims that to combat unconventional and cyber threats (or to conduct unconventional warfare and cyberwarfare) a correct understanding between the relationship between Title 10 and Title 50 is crucial. Mr. Wall states that these Titles “…create mutually supporting, not mutually exclusive, authorities.” His article details the facts about Title 50 and Title 10 and states that

Operation Eagle Claw required too much detailed integration between multiple military services without a central leadership. As a result two organizations formed. The first was Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC) the other is U.S. Special Operations Command (USSOCOM). JSOC in simple terms is USSOCOM’s little brother. USSOCOM is established to provide joint leadership. JSOC is there to train all special operation forces to work together but falls under USSOCOM. This is important because it allows everybody to work on the same page. JSOC also allows other services such as the Air Force to train with the

While written as a fictional book, William J. Lederer and Eugene Burdick wrote Ugly American with the goal to stimulate thought and possible action. They wanted to illustrate fatal flaws in American policy and the actions of American representatives throughout the world. Written in 1958 the book’s examples remain relevant. SOF must understand they are representatives of the United States whenever deployed. Often American representatives believe money is the only motivation of the countries we support. Many of the people representing the United States overseas are incredibly intelligent but they match that intelligence with an unprecedented level of arrogance. United States SOF provides a unique capability to American leadership. The

I was privy to similar activities while deployed to Afghanistan for Operation Enduring Freedom XX. My Special Forces Operational Detachment Alpha (Detachment) conducted Village Stability Operations in the Baghlan province. Our partner force consisted of two teams of Afghan National Army Special Forces (ANASFODA). My Detachment routinely “operated with and through others” by conducting raids, operations and other operations. The challenge we faced while accomplishing the aforementioned imperative was the tribal issues that plagued Coalition Forces throughout the country. The composition of the ANASFODA was not from Tribes in the province. The ANASFODA lacked the “buy in” required to operate effectively in the area and they local populace

The book, The Ugly American, demonstrates how American influence abroad can be constructive or destructive. The book consists of a series of vignettes of US representatives wielding the balance of power and influence while working abroad. Special Operations Forces (SOF) hold the same power when deployed. SOF elements, are often known as warrior-diplomats, because of their roles and responsibilities. SOF imperatives are rules operators follow to help enhance their operations. Within The Ugly American many characters portray SOF imperatives, either positively and/or negatively.

Diplomacy is the art of dealing with foreign countries in a sensitive and effective way. The ability to influence the people contributes to effective American diplomacy. In, The Ugly American, William J. Lederer and Eugene Burdick, comment on the nature of American diplomacy in 1950s Southeast Asia. They identify the characteristics and effects of both inept and skilled diplomacy. The book highlights knowledge of the language, history, and culture as critical components to the ability to influence indigenous populations. In many ways the situations and characters described in the book, mirror the situations and challenges faced by Special Operations Forces (SOF) today. The Special Operations Imperatives are a planning tool that SOF use to influence the people and situations they encounter. In order to understand the influence and effects of proper application of the Special Operations Imperatives the stories of Homer Atkins, Colonel Hillandale and Solomon Asch provide a setting to compare and contrast with my own experiences in Afghanistan, Iraq and Jordan.

Second, establish regional offices across the nation which deal specifically with ARNG IG issues, this office can be the outside organization that acts as a truly non-biased entity which can properly investigate and make correct recommendations to unit commanders without fear or pressure from state leadership.

These follow-on actions were my examples of the SOF Imperatives “Facilitate Interagency Activities,” “Consider Long-Term Effects,” and “Ensure Legitimacy and Credibility of Special Operations.”

Today’s complex, rapidly changing, and uncertain security environments assure that Special Forces’ role is growing very rapidly in an effort to solve these densely conflicted circumstances. Leadership of a government is eager to use the most effective force, Special Forces, to respond the complex conflicts of the modern world. The increasing importance requires a deep understanding of the meaning of Special operations and Special Forces for not only for military personnel, but also for civilian bureaucrats.

While today the Special Forces Operations Units are seen as heroes and the highest caliber of enlisted men in the Army, they were not initially seen as an elite group. Perhaps the Special Forces did not receive the recognition they deserved because their successes in psychological and counterinsurgency warfare strategies were immeasurable during World War II and the Korean War. President Kennedy’s administration would lead the way for the Army’s Green Berets and later the Navy SEALS. However, it wasn’t until the Vietnam War that unconventional warfare, or guerilla warfare as it became known, was utilized in a capacity that would expand the effectiveness and duties of the Special Forces Units.

The 'Joint and Coalition Operational Analysis (JCOA) case study is regarding the U.S-Philippines partnership in counter-terrorism (CT) operations that took place from 2002-2011. The CT operation was titled as 'Operation ENDURING FREEDOM-PHILIPPINES (OEF-P) and was conducted by the partnership of Philippine security forces and US Joint Special Operations Task Force-Philippines (JSOTF-P). The CT cooperation took place at three levels, tactical, operational, and strategic. The role of JSOTF was that of 'advise and assist' whereby ground operations were conducted by the Philippine forces. The US cooperation for CT in Philippines was guided by the Joint Publication (JP) 5-0, Joint Operation Planning, and a policy and action framework to act as a binding framework for conducting joint, interagency, and multinational CT operations using full range of military operational capacity. The OEF-P was also conducted by incorporating JP 5-0 principles and guidelines of engagement. The OEF-P took place in Southern Philippines. Following is an assessment how the US forces used termination, military end state, and objectives of operational design (Joint Pub 5-0, page III-18) to develop and refine their operational approach.