Abstract Dentistry is defined as the science concerned with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases of the teeth, gums, and related structures of the mouth including the repair or replacement of defective tissue. (American Dental Association). What people do not know is how virtually every disease that one acquires or develops can be identified primarily in the mouth first. Dentist and Dental Hygienist are educated to be able to recognize what are variants of normal and what are not. There are several diseases all with different or similar appearances, symptoms, and side effects. This paper is going to be focusing on one particular infection, Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis and how it is developed and treated. The Disease Itself Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (NUG) is a bacterial infection that is composed of bacillus and spirochete bacteria (Borrelia vincentii). Borrelia vincentii resides in the oral cavity where it is harmless under normal conditions. When the bacteria are altered and able to grow past normal conditions is when it can be harmful. NUG is also known as Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (ANUG) and Trench Mouth. One may interchangeably use these terms, but the correct way to identify this infection is NUG because the condition is more chronic than acute. Trench Mouth derived from World War One when soldiers developed the infection living in the trenches. Factors that cause or contribute to NUG are stress, poor diet and
Infection control is a central concept to every practice of health care providers. Its main objective is to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases from both patients and health personnel (Martin et al., 2010). In dental clinic, infection control is a continuous concern for its professionals. They have to contact patients routinely and be exposed to their blood, saliva, dental plaque and pus that may contain infectious pathogens. It is important for the dental professionals to treat these fluids as if they are infectious and special precautions must be taken to handle them. In this essay, I will highlight the scope of infection control practices in dental clinics and the ways through which infectious microorganisms are transmitted
Drugs might be utilized with treatment that incorporates scaling and root planing, yet they can't generally replace surgery. Contingent upon the seriousness of gum illness, the dental practitioner or periodontist may in any case recommend surgical treatment. Long haul studies will be expected to figure out if utilizing meds lessens the requirement for surgery and whether they are powerful over a drawn out stretch of time. At the point when gingivitis is not treated, it can progress to "periodontitis" (which signifies "aggravation around the tooth.") In periodontitis, gums pull far from the teeth and structure "pockets" that are tainted. The body's insusceptible framework battles the microscopic organisms as the plaque spreads and develops underneath the gum line. Bacterial poisons and the body's chemicals battling the disease really begin to separate the bone and connective tissue that hold teeth set up. If not treated, the bones, gums, and connective tissue that backing the teeth are devastated. The teeth may in the long run turn out to be free and must be
Periodontal disease is more commonly known as gum disease or gingivitis. This infection is serious enough, that it can lead to tooth loss if left untreated. This chronic infection starts around the tooth and it affects the supporting bone and gums. Periodontal disease can affect anywhere from one tooth to all thirty-two teeth. The disease pathology starts with the plaque that builds up on your teeth everyday.
Also commonly referred to as Gingivitis, gum disease is a contagious bacterial infection that not only affects your mouth ecology, but that can have pronounced effects on your overall health. Locally, it can be responsible for eroding and destroying your gums, and in more advanced stages it can lead to tooth loss and even jawbone erosion. Still, left untreated, the inflammation from the bacterial infection can even lead to a variety of ailments ranging from increased allergies to cancer.
The most important cariogenic bacteria are Streptococcus mutans. Other cariogenic bacteria include S. salivarius and S. sanguis as well as various species of Eikenellan and Lactobacillus. Dental caries is a disease of the tooth enamel and the tooth itself, while periodontal disease is a combination of gum swelling and erosion of the ligaments and bone that supports the teeth. Mildest form of periodontal disease is gingivitis, while the most severe form is called acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis also known as trench mouth. Poor oral hygiene, unhealthy diet, alcohol and tobacco use may constitute in the development of dental caries and periodontal
As stated by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, “Each year, more than 30,000 new cases of cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx are diagnosed and over 8,000 deaths due to oral cancer occur.” (CDC). Most adults are unaware that they have periodontal disease or gum disease, this occurs because they do not maintain routine checkups with their dentist. When we insert food and other bacteria into our mouths, it affects our teeth and gums. We need routine dental checkups and cleanings throughout our lives. Dental checkups usually involve x-rays, cleanings, and the examination of the mouth.
Many people have experienced periodontal disease, which is a disease of the gums and surrounding tissues. These conditions include gingivitis and periodontis and can be treated with good hygiene and proper dental care. Black gum disease, or necrotizing periodontal disease, however, is an uncommon but serious form of gum disease that requires immediate treatment. The disease kills the gums, tissues and bones that surround the teeth and can be indicative of serious health problems.
Gingivitis is an inflammation of the gum tissues surrounding the teeth. If left untreated, gingivitis can lead to periodontitis, an advanced gum disease. Gingivitis can sometimes be painless and therefore people may be unaware they have
Swollen gum is the result of a bacterial infection that is caused by poor dental hygiene. Teeth that aren’t properly cleaned on a regular basis will develop plaque and tartar. This buildup causes your gums to swell and bleed when they are irritated either by a toothbrush, floss or food. When wearing braces it is a lot harder to keep teeth clean. Food can easily become stuck in between your braces and cause your gums to swell up. The swelling usually lasts for a few days and can be painful to deal with. Luckily, there are few things you can do to reduce the swelling.
Diseases can also be transmitted by a mechanical or biological vector, an animal (typically an arthropod) that carries the disease from one host to another.
Gum disease is caused by the accumulation of plaque and bacteria underneath your gum line. When the plaque hardens it turns into tartar and this leads to an extreme form of gum disease like periodontal disease. While periodontal disease is an extreme form of gum disease, gingivitis is a milder form that can easily develop in children. An early sign of gingivitis is bleeding around the gum line when your child brushes their teeth. Reversing gingivitis can take some time, therefore, it is important to take the necessary steps to prevent it. Therefore, there are a few natural rinses that your child can incorporate in their dental care regimen in order to protect their teeth against gingivitis.
Tooth brushing is essential for effective plaque removal and oral hygiene. It is also important for you to properly care for maintain and care for your toothbrush. The American Dental Association stated that toothbrushes need to be replaced every three or four months. They will need to be replaced sooner if the bristles are frayed.
A 53-year-old man had just had prosthetic joints cemented into place without added antibiotics to fight infection. For 3 months after the surgery he was doing fine until he found he had a dental infection and didn’t seem to think anything of it, so he did not go to the dentist to fix it. Soon aftter he suffered from chills without fever, swelling, pain, an unusual warming sensation, and irritation over the left knee and had a hard time
Gingivitis is a mild reversible periodontal disease that results in inflammation of the gum tissue. If not treated it can lead to irreversible damage of the associated ligaments and bone that support the teeth, leading to a more serious condition known as periodontitis (Arndt and Nagelberg, 2010). In most cases of gingivitis, bacteria normally found in the mouth ingest and convert carbohydrates into acid. The combination of bacteria, acid, food, and saliva form what is known as plaque (Wood, 2006). If plaque is not removed, it hardens and becomes calculus, which is usually found built up around the base of the tooth. The bacteria found in plaque also contribute to the inflammatory response by releasing toxins that
The normal healthy appearance of the gingiva is coral pink with a scalloped coronal border known as the free gingival margin. The free gingival margin is approximately located 1.5 to 2 mm coronal to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) in healthy fully erupted teeth [204]. On the other end, the gingiva becomes continuous with the loose, red lining mucosa known as “the alveolar mucosa”. The alveolar mucosa differs in colour since it has a thin non-keratinized epithelium and loose connective tissues that contain numerous blood vessels but no rete pegs. Typically, the gingiva can be easily