My name is Matthew Xin, and I am currently a member of the Class of 2016 at the Wellington School in Upper Arlington. Although I haven’t yet decided on a college major, I’ve narrowed the options down to something involving the natural sciences or engineering. I also have developed a list of top choices for college, which in its current incarnation is wide-ranging, consisting of schools from Ohio State University to Stanford University. I first decided to research a disease involving the brain because of the recent trend towards research and attention towards neurological illnesses and the processes of the brain in general. With President Bush’s Decade of the Brain initiative ending in 2000, and the beginning of the new Century of the …show more content…
In spite of these difficulties, future research hinges on advances in the ability to selectively inhibit or control innate and adaptive
Matthew Xin Mechanisms of Human Health and Disease 2015
Matthew Xin Mechanisms of Human Health and Disease 2015 immune functions, a promising field with applications in meningitis as well as many other autoimmune diseases. This paper will explore the pathophysiology of meningitis as a consequence of bacterial infection elsewhere in the body, as well as the history of meningitis and the future with respect to treatments in development and therapies to repair existing damages.
In the most simple terms, bacterial meningitis is just another result of getting sick from bacteria that might be found anywhere from door handles to elevator buttons. Like a runny nose from seasonal allergies, or sneezing as a result of a cold, the meningeal inflammation that results could easily be oversimplified into a category of general symptoms that occur. It is true that in order for the disease to occur, bacteria must first colonize another area of the body, most commonly an area around the head or face. This actual
The discovery of Meningitis Diseas is one of the greatest acheivements of a scientist . Meningitis Diseas is either infectious (contangious) or noninfectious. Infectious Meningitis is classified as viral,bacterial,fungal and parasitic causing infections. C. Thesis Statement: Meningitis Diseas is a very rare infection of the brain D. Credibility Statement: 1. I was a survivor of Meningitis Diseas.
The video addressed meningococcal bacteria and its effects on individuals who have contracted the disease. The PBS NOVA program, “The Killer Disease,” is a fast spreading bacterial infection which affects either the spinal cord, spinal cord and brain, or brain with the bacteria. When discovered and treated, the pace and quickness of the spread of the disease after it has begun “the beginning of the end” in terms of the damage to body or taking of life.
Meningitis, also known as spinal meningitis, is a viral or bacterial infection causing inflammation of the membranes, called meninges. Meninges act as a natural protective barrier that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. When the barrier is permeable, infections are able to transmit a disease in or through and cause serious or even fatal effects. There are different causes for the different categories of meningitis resulting in different symptoms and severities in each.
Meningitis is a serious infection of the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It is caused by meningococcal disease, which is contracted by 1,000 to 2,600 people yearly in the United States. Meningococcal disease is also serious, with one in ten cases leading to
Meningitis occurs when bacteria or viruses invade the bloodstream and infect the meninges. The bacteria or viruses multiply rapidly and cause the meninges to inflame and swell. The brain is subjected to an increase in pressure that can cause symptoms such as a headache and a stiff neck.
Meningitis is best described as an inflammation of the meninges in the brain. Meninges are membranes that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord. Meningitis often occurs when the fluid surrounding the meninges is infected. Meningitis is most commonly caused by viral
This condition is most commonly caused by a viral infection (less threatening), although bacteria and fungal infections as well as toxins or parasites can also lead to meningitis (McCance & Huether, 609). The type of treatment depends on the causative agent; meningitis may go away on its own or require treatment with antibiotics. Clinical manifestations of meningitis, according to the textbook are as follows: inflammation and irritation- generalized meningeal signs, throbbing headache, photophobia (light sensitivity); local tissue dysfunction- cranial nerve palsies, focal neurologic deficits (hemiparesis/hemiplegia, ataxia), and seizures; mass effect- decreased level of consciousness, nausea, vomiting, and increased intracranial pressure; and lastly, vascular compromise (McCance and Huether, 612). Systematic effects of this condition are increased intracranial pressure (ICP), disruption of the blood brain barrier (a defense mechanism) which can exacerbate infection, interference or blockage of CSF (cerebral spinal fluid), cerebral edema, intracranial hypertension and decreased cranial blood flow. If the condition gets too serious, paralysis, hearing loss, ataxia (loss of muscle coordination, mainly in the extremities), cerebral atrophy, and hydrocephalus (“water
Meningococcal Meningitis is the infection and inflammation of the meninges. Newborns and infants are at greatest risk for contracting bacterial meningitis with Neisseria meningitides being the typical pathogen in the majority of children age 2 months through 12 years (London, Ladewig, Ball, Bindler, & Cowen, 2011). There is a mortality rate of 10% for children who develop meningitis from this particular bacterium (Muller, 2013).
The first recorded Meningitis epidemic occurred in Geneva in 1805, and shortly afterward several other outbreaks in Europe and the United States were recorded as well. Then, thirty-five years later, the first outbreak in Africa was recorded. The African Meningitis outbreaks became much more common in the 20th century. News Medical stated that “The first major epidemic was reported in Nigeria and Ghana from 1905-1908.” In the earliest reports, large numbers of people died from this disease. The first evidence found that linked Meningitis with a bacterial infection was written by Anton Vaykeslbaum, an Austrian bacteriologist, in 1887. This discovery led to many other people conducting research of their own, and “organisms causing Meningitis were identified in the later 19th century including: Streptococcus, Neisseria Meningitidis, and Haemophilus Influenzae” (History).
It begins as minor flu symptoms. But then things seem to never get any better. As symptoms become more severe, a person is advised to go see a doctor. It turns out the individual did not have the flu. It was something far worse, something more treacherous, something more contagious, something chilling, something life-threatening. This disease is known as bacterial meningitis. It is possibly a college student’s worst nightmare, and a disease that students should be well informed about. But while the bacterial infection is rather rare, it’s also terminal, killing 10 to 12 percent of those it infects, sometimes within hours. The disease attacks and closes up major organs and prevents blood from circulating to limbs, causing tissue to die.
What is the definition? Why do people get bacterial meningitis? How do people get this disease? How is it transmitted?
Meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes surrounding your brain and spinal cord. There are many different types of meningitis causing bacteria, but the most common type of bacteria is Streptococcus pneumoniae, or better known as Pneumococcus in the medical community. There
Symptoms of Meningitis depending on many different factors. Depending on which type of Meningitis a person may have, the time of year it is or the age and/or immune status of the patient. General symptoms (for adults) may include nausea or vomiting, confusion and difficulty concentrating, extreme sensitivity to light, seizures, loss of appetite, drowsiness/difficulty waking up and/or a skin rash. In small children and infants, bulging on soft spot (on the skull), constant crying, unusual
Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, membranes that surround the brain. This can extend as far as infecting the cerebral spinal fluid on top of causing the tissue to swell. Meningitis comes in two major forms; bacterially and virally. However, having bacterial meningitis is much more severe than viral meningitis. There is a lot more danger in having a bacterial infection within the brain than a viral infection within the brain. What makes bacterial meningitis so lethal is that “even when the disease is diagnosed early and adequate treatment is started, 5% to 10% of patients die, typically within 24 to 48 hours after the onset of symptoms. Left untreated, up to 50% of cases may die, (6) or there
Many people don’t know this but there's more than one type of meningitis. There's actually 5; bacterial, viral, parasitic, fungal and non-infectious and each of these are classified by the cause of the disease. Even though they are different types of meningitis, all 5 of these types are life threatening and as most people know, what this disease is, is inflammation of the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. Although meningitis is mostly caused by a bacteria or a virus, it can also be caused by an injury,illness and medications.