Porter’s Five Forces
After the analysis of Jetstar’s societal environment with the use of PEST, the Porter’s Five Forces can be used to analyse another aspect of the external environment; the task environment.
Porter’s Five Forces is a framework that consists of five competitive forces, threat of entry, power of supplier and buyer, threat of substitution and competitive rivalry. These forces facilitate the analysis of the task environment of an industry or company (Wheelen and Hunger, 2009).
The threat of new entry is high because there are no significant barriers of entry in the airline industry. For example, airplanes can be easily leased, defraying the large initial capital investment. Additionally, exit cost in the business is
…show more content…
Or even if the flight service is of a lower standard, flyers are sometimes willing to compromise on that aspect for a much lower fare. Of course there are factors like customer loyalty and flight duration to be considered when choosing an airline to fly with. However, low cost still rules over flight services, especially for short distance flight.
The threat from substitution is moderate for Jetstar because though advances in technology like internet and video conferencing lessens the need for business travelling, there are still some matters that are difficult to be discussed or overseen over the internet (Rahman, Joha, 2010). Moreover, Jetstar has international carriers, thus the threat from substitution is relatively lower as compared to domestic or regional carriers. This is because the likelihood of train and cars being able to reach the destinations of non-neighbouring countries is low and sometimes, travelling by sea is not always convenient.
Lastly, competitive rivalry for Jetstar is high. There are many competitors and they are not just from other budget airlines but full service airlines as well. This is because many full service airlines recognised the threat of the presence of budget airlines. Therefore, they started to provide low switching cost to lure customers that wants to enjoy the comfort and quality of a full service airline at just a small increase in ticket
The airlines do not focus on the combination of quality and good service at a fair price; its focus is instead only on providing ultra low cost. It also charges customers for value added features and services. Thus the pricing is value added pricing. When compared to the competitors of Spirit for operating costs per seat mile; it is lower compared to other major airlines. The important points like encouragement to demand stimulation and preference for its low-cost model makes it successful for its low-cost pricing strategy.
Porter's Five Forces is a simple but powerful tool that consist of 5 different forces to understand the competitiveness of your business environment, and for identifying your strategy's potential profitability. The five forces are degree of rivalry, threat of entry, threat of substitutions, buyer power, and supplier power. Each force is helpful in their own way to get to know your rivals a lot better and get to know what can happen in your market.
At its core, Porter’s 5 forces describes a firms overall ability to compete in a market. We discuss our analysis of the 5 forces and how they affect SAS Corporation and its stakeholders. Please examine Figure 1.1 to view a diagram that depicts the 5 forces.
1. There are a few trends in the US airline industry. One is consolidation, wherein existing players merge in an attempt to lower their costs and generate operating synergies. The most recent major merger was the United Continental merger, which is still an ongoing affair, but has created the largest airline in the United States by market share (Martin, 2012). Another trend is towards low-cost carriers. In the US, Southwest has been a long-running success and JetBlue a strong new competitor, but in other countries this business model has proven exceptionally successful. The third major trend is the upward trend in jet fuel prices, and the increasing importance that this puts on hedging fuel prices and capacity management (Hinton, 2011).
Particularly when new entrants are diversifying from other markets, they can leverage existing capabilities and cash flows to shake up competition like Apple did when it entered the music distribution business. The threat of new entry therefore, puts a cap on the profit potential of an industry. The threat to Air Asia is relatively less as the capital required to enter the industry is quite high. However, potential new entrants from full service carriers with a surplus capital could be threats in the future and long-term.
fares to establish profitability and loyalty. However, they are not always the cheapest, so their
The analysis of the Porters five forces are very important to business entities. Based on the analysis a business can evaluate their current position and positions that they plan to progress towards as it relates to the industry they are operating in.
Porter’s Five Competitive Forces Analysis is a framework developed by Michael E. Porter of Harvard Business School for study of industry analysis by analyzing five competitive forces which define industry and its business strategy. These five competitive forces determine the competitive advantages, disadvantages and attractiveness or profitability of industry.
The threat of new entrants in the airline industry is very low for Virgin Atlantic, this is because the barrier for both high entry and exit barrier is very high. These barriers can stop new airlines not to enter into the industry. The entry and exit can be difficult for Virgin because there are a number of regulatory factors. For new airlines to enter, there must be large capital investment human resources that are skilled
Low-cost carriers pose a serious threat to traditional "full service" airlines, since the high cost structure of full-service carriers prevents them from competing
The Porter`s five forces are threats of new entrants, the bargaining power of buyers ,product substitution and intensity of rival of rival among competitors .These forces measure the competitiveness of the market and also helps the company to identify strategies to use to penetrate such and gain market share.
In spite of the low switching costs and the absence of proprietary goods and services, generally speaking, there is a low threat to new entrants in the airline industry. The huge amount of capital make reprisals against new entrants through a price drop. This is evident among existing companies. Despite low switching costs, customer loyalty prevails
The idea to enter the world of the full cost carriers by low prices isn’t a new one. Already in 1977 Laker Airways founded the “Sky Train” between London and New York. Even if this service was never successful, more and more low cost carriers were founded during the progress of deregulation and the development of an own low cost strategy began.
A low cost airline generally has many features that differentiate it from the traditional carriers. These features include ticketless travel, online ticket sales, no international offices, no frequent flyer points, no free food and beverages, no inflight magazines, no club lounges, use of secondary city airports.