CHAPTER I
TITLE- “Analysis of Judgment delivered by Justice Bhagwati on Fundamental rights.”
INTRODUCTION
Justice Bahgwati served the supreme court of India and delivered a number of landmark judgment that has given a new direction to fundamental rights. Mainly the combination of Article 14,19 and 21 is rightly interpreted in the case of Maneka Gandhi v union of India. The case was brought in the Supreme Court when the passport of Mrs. Maneka Gandhi was impounded and she was not allowed to go abroad. In this case justice Bhagwati had given a new dimension to Right to life and personal liberty and elaborated the concept of ‘Personal liberty’.
“The court held that Gandhi had a right to a passport under Article 21, which stated that no one
…show more content…
Justice Bhagwati had decided that any person if he is socially backward and can’t approach to the court in case of infringement of his/her rights any NGO or individual on behalf of them can approach to the court.
In the case of Hossainara khatun vs. State of Bihar , the Supreme Court held that “the right to free legal services is an essential ingredient of reasonable, fair and just procedure for a person accused of an offence and it must be held to be implicit in the guarantee of Article 21.” This was a case where it was found by justice P.N Bhagwati and justice D.A Desai that any under-trail prisoners in different jails in state of Bihar has been in jail for a longer period than the maximum term for which they would have been sentenced, if convicted and that there relation in jail was totally unjustified and in violation of the fundamental rights to personal liberty under Article 21 of the constitution. While disclosing shocking state of affairs and callousness of our legal and judicial system causing enormous misery and suffering to the poor and illiterate citizens resulting into totally unjustified deprivation of personal liberty, Justice Bhagwati made following
…show more content…
Union territory
Peoples union for Democratic rights v Union of India
But in the case of ADM Jabalpur v Shivkant Shukla for which the chief justice apologized after 30 years and said if he were not agreed to the majority judgment the past and present of our country would be different so this case would be discussed further and why justice Khanna dissented in this case and why this case is always considered as a blot on Indian judiciary. The fundamental rights are very important that are granted by the constitution against the arbitrariness of state and even though it is evident that the judgment delivered in the famous ADM Jabalpur case was an erroneous judgment and if that was not delivered the presentvIndia would be something else so whether in this case also do the Judgments in different cases by Justice Bhagwati helped to widen the scope of justice delivery in India?
The aim for carrying out this research work is to analyze the judgment of Justice Bhagwati on fundamental rights and his contribution in this area ad how the concept of PIL has become prominent through the case laws in India.
CHAPTER II
Fundamental right: Genesis and
Manifesto sees the decision of the supreme court as “clear abuse of judicial power” (1).
Subsequently, the Committee on Draft National Policy on Criminal Justice (Madhava Menon Committee) emphasized the need for the same. Under the present criminal justice system, wide discretionary powers are awarded to the judges which sometimes results in lopsided, unfair judgments. Even though some basic principles such as proportionality, fairness and deterrence are recognized as forming the basis of the
Facts of the case (Summary of facts of case and its journey to Supreme Court)
Sujan Roka Govt. 2305-71013 Professor Sharifian Sept/30/2017 Civil rights v. Civil Liberties Civil rights and civil liberties are the rights and freedom both made for good of communities and country. Both are introduced to benefit citizen of the country. A Civil right is mainly about the fair treatment with every person which is protected by the fourteenth amendment. “It was first introduced after civil right movement which was mainly about the true equality among African American who were mainly treated as slaves.” (1, FindLaw). But now the civil right is not limited only to African American, it includes every person like women, transgenders, lesbians, gay, etc. On another side, Civil liberties are basic rights and freedom given to
Explain fully the issues involved in the High Court decision in Stingel v Clark (2006) 226 CLR 442. Did the High Court reach the right decision in this case?
In the words of Elmer Driedger (as cited in Boyd, 2015), “the words of an Act are to be read in their entire context in their grammatical sense harmoniously with the scheme of the Act, the object of the Act and the intention of Parliament” (p. 65). This approach advocates analysis which balances the literal language used with the context of the statute and its intended purpose. This paper will assess the strength Driedger's approach in relation to the cases R. v. Boudreault, Paldi Khalsa Diwan Society v. Cowichan Valley (Regional District), and R. v. Skakun. It will be argued that Driedger's approach is advantageous to the courts in general, but insofar as it is combined with the principle of stare decisis, it is beneficial only when the judgments in precedent-setting cases accord with fundamental justice.
Justice Nariman’s judgment shows us that with the right kind of conviction, it is possible to uncover the importance of free speech as a value unto itself within our larger constitutional scheme. That the court has defended the Constitution’s ideals of tolerance with a sense of vivacity and integrity, and that it has provided the jurisprudence of free speech with an enhanced and rare clarity, must give us hope. It must allow us to believe that we can now challenge the noxious culture of censorship that pervades the Indian state. It also shows us that we do not need an American style First Amendment to achieve liberal ideals; what we require, as the court has demonstrated here, is a government that confirms to our own Constitution, which, when
In adjudicating upon the ambit of § 123(3), the Court by a majority opinion , adopted the purposive interpretation approach instead of a restrictive literal one, injecting a considerable might into the provision as well as embellishing its scope to formally and explicitly prohibit any appeal as may be made in the name of religion, caste et al to the populace during elections. In the analysis that follows, we shall dissect the qualitative aspects of the judgment in light of its intractable relation to the social realities that prevail. As Philip Allott observed : “Law establishes possible futures for society, in accordance with society’s theories, values and purposes.” In a nation often mired by societal conflicts based upon archaic classifications,
One of the success of the Humans Rights Act is that, the judges have developed new principles of public law. For example, ‘proportionality’ principle for deciding matters of judicial review in R v Secretary of State for the Home Department (2001); and ruling that the home secretary,
A constitutional controversy of great significance vis-à-vis Art.356 was raised in State of Rajasthan v. Union of India..
A fair judicial system is a cornerstone of a just society. For citizens of the Gupta Empire, and any other society throughout history,
i developed a specific interest in common law and human rights law through studying goverment and politics at A-Level in which we have looked in depth at the types of laws in encompassed in constitution. The particular case of
The Supreme Court rejected both the contentions because Article 13(2) and Article 359, being parts of the same Constitution, stand on an equal footing and the two provisions have to be read harmoniously in order that the intention behind Article 359 is carried out and it is not destroyed altogether. Also the enforcement of a particular fundamental right is, for the sake of security of India, for which the subjective determination of the President is involved and he cannot be called to justify his action in the court of
The Department of Justice, Ministry of Law and Justice, Government of India has been implementing a project since 2012 on enhancing “Access to Justice” in North Eastern states of Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura & Sikkim and Jammu &