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King Arthur Heward Analysis

Decent Essays

In the article, Heward discusses ten, of what he calls faulty, notions of learning. These ten notions are in regard to special education. The first notion is that too structured of an environment limits students learning. Supporters of this notion make the claim that students can become passive in the classroom if limits are placed on their learning. Heward notes that to date, there is no evidence that too much structure in curricula leads to poor outcomes for students. The second notion is that teaching specific skills to students becomes too trivial and thus ignores them as a whole person. Support for this notion makes the claim that students then cannot generalize and maintain the specific skills. However, as Heward notes, research has demonstrated that a big part of generalization and maintenance is developing accuracy and fluency of a particular skill. Third, drill and practice of skills decreases a thorough …show more content…

Heward discusses how this is time-consuming for teachers and may mean they have to alter their teaching methods. Although, this might be frustrating to teachers, Heward asserts that not defining academic objectives and measuring behavioral excesses or deficiencies is bad practice. Fifth, in order to learn, students must be internally motivated. To undermine this notion, Heward argues that it is not good practice for teachers to expect students who do not have the skills needed for success to be intrinsically motivated. Such students are going to need some form of positive reinforcement. Sixth, a teacher's main objective should be to increase student's self-esteem. It worth noting that high self-esteem is usually results from high achievement in school. In addition, if teachers follow this notion, they may not want to provide error correction for students in order to not lower their self-esteem. In fact, Heward notes this lessens their academic

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