Korsakoff Syndrome Research Paper

BACKGROUND: Ms. Copeland is a 58-year-old left handed white female who was referred to the Hillcrest memory Diagnostic Center by the emergency room physician for evaluation of memory problems and difficulties in functioning including suicidal ideations.

After this episode a professor convinced her to go to the hospital and reluctantly she complied. This hospital did not take kindly to her psychosis and restrained her numerous times with straps. She had never been treated this way before and was confused and frightened. She later said for a hospital for the mentally ill it had been a brutal experience (157). She then was moved to a different hospital, memorial Unit 10 (MU10) where she was first diagnosed with “Schizophrenia with acute exacerbation” (167). Though she had finally gotten a diagnosis for her broken brain it seemed more like a death sentence than a diagnosis. She continued on with life in depression, psychosis, and denial.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss Ekbom Syndrome, also known as primary delusional parasitosis.

Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) is a rare, fatal genetic condition that is characterized by premature aging in children. Its name is derived from the Greek and means “prematurely old.” There are different forms of Progeria, but we will be looking at the classic form that was named after the doctors who first discovered it, Dr. Jonathon Hutchinson in 1886 and Dr. Hastings Gilford in 1897.

She denied having any difficulty with activities of daily living and did not have any problems with memory, concentration, understanding and following directions, completing tasks, or getting along with people. She did not help with house chores. She stated that did not sleep well, took her medication, watched television, played videogames, and “do nothing at home.”

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, a form of Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, is a rare life-threatening disorder of the skin and mucous membranes which arises from an intense autoimmune sensitivity to mild infections, cancers, and most commonly, medications.

Krabbe disease is a disorder in the nervous system in which the patient becomes unable to function correctly. This enzyme deficiency impairs the growth and maintenance of myelin, the protective covering around certain nerve cells that ensures the rapid transmission of nerve impulses. A large cell of a primary germ is found clustered together in the space between the skull and the brain causing it to destroy the cells. Although, this disease generally directed at infants it may also develop in an older child or adult.

Erythema multiform: target lesion is the classic presentation, and the 3 skin manifestations are dusky center, inner pale ring, and erythematous outer border. It usually affect age 10-40y/o. Hypersensitivity reaction is most commonly triggered by infection so treat the underlying cause. HSV is most common cause so treat with acyclovir. It is a self limiting condition.

Klinefelter syndrome is a genetic condition that results when a boy is born with an extra copy of the X chromosome. Klinefelter syndrome is a common genetic condition affecting only males. It mostly affects testicular growth, and this can result in smaller than normal testicles. This can lead to lower production of the sex hormone testosterone. Klinefelter syndrome may also cause reduced muscle mass, reduced body and facial hair, and enlarged breast tissue. The effects of Klinefelter syndrome affect every person differently, and not everyone with it develops the same signs and symptoms. Klinefelter syndrome often isn't diagnosed until adulthood. Most men with Klinefelter syndrome produce little or no sperm. But assisted reproductive procedures

There are many different types of syndromes and disease in the world today. Steven Johnson is one of them. This Syndrome is a very rare disorder in the world today. Many persons do not have a clue in which what this serious is or/and why it occurs. The Steven Johnson syndrome is a disorder of someone’s skin or mucous infection. This occurs when the persons take medication(s) that they are possibly is allergic to. It’s really not the medication but it’s like the medication is fighting off some good cells in the body. Steven Johnson Syndrome is a very serious syndrome or infection. It requires hospitalization and serious care.

Kinefelter syndrome is a genetic condition that occurs in men as a result of an extra chromosome. The most common symptom is infertility. Humans have 46 chromosomes, which contains all of a person's DNA and genes. Two of which that determines a persons gender. Kinefelter syndrome is the result of one extra X written as XXY. Some of the cells in a male's body have an additional x chromosome. It is found in about 1 out of every 500-1,000 newborn males. The additional sex chromosome results from a random error during the formation of the egg or sperm. Women who have pregnancies after the age of 35 have a slightly increased chance of having a boy with this syndrome. Males who have Kinefelter syndrome may have the following symptoms: small firm

Thiamine is an essential vitamin needed by all cells in the body. When the body lacks thiamine for an extended period of time, many problems arise, mainly in the brain and heart. Alcoholism and malnourishment are two of the leading causes of thiamine deficiency. Although fairly rare, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS) can be a severe consequence of thiamine shortage. WKS is a neurodegenerative disease that affects the brain and disrupts the neuronal signaling. Not only does it make daily life very difficult, it can become life-threatening and cause permanent damage. The lack of thiamine interrupts many biochemical pathways in the body, including the pentose phosphate pathway, glycolysis, and the Citric Acid cycle. Disrupting these pathways causes WKS to present along with multiple other complications.

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is a disease that can cause life-threatening brain damage and mental health issues. The primary cause for the disease is a deficiency of vitamin B1. Most sufferers who contract and recover from the syndrome suffer permanent brain damage. Alcoholism is the predominate – but no only - catalyst for the sickness. Physicians identify most Wernicke-Korsakoff during alcoholism treatment. The disease’s 20 percent mortality rate poses a serious health threat. To date, there is no plausible vaccine for the illness.

The XXY syndrome, most commonly known as Klinefelter syndrome (KS), only affects males of all ages. This syndrome occurs when there is a random genetic error after conception and is not curable, however treatment can help.All females have XX chromosome and all males have XY chromosomes. Unlike the normal XY type that all males have, males affected have an additional X chromosome which results into many symptoms such as impaired spermatogenesis, low testosterone, and male hypogonadism. Since Klinefelter syndrome is related to the sex chromosomes of males, it is a sex link trait.

Korsakov's syndrome is a devastating impairment of recent memory that is caused by a thiamine deficiency which can result from alcohol abuse, mal-absorption, hyperemesis or starvation. Furthermore, other causes of Korsakov's syndrome also include heavy metal poisoning, head injury and tumors. A patient suffering from Korsakov's syndrome will most likely have an extensive pathology in the bilateral hippocampus and will actively exhibit confabulation. Confabulation occurs when a patient creates pseudo-memories about what happened during a forgotten episode. Also, during confabulation the patient's recall of the events of the past seem more imaginative than logical. Fortunately, although the patient may exemplify confabulation there