Introduction
The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief overview of the administration of justice in modern day Nicaragua. The primary goal is to furnish the reader with an uncomplicated idea about this country’s method of administering justice. In particular, it’s legal history, legal tradition, and legal system guiding the police and court system. As such, the reader should develop a basic idea of Nicaragua’s justice system compare to the United States of America.
Historical, Political, and Cultural Background
La Republica de Nicaragua (the Republic of Nicaragua) is located between the Caribbean Sea to the east, Pacific Ocean to the west with Honduras to the north and Costa Rica in the south. The country is named after Nicarao, who was once the chief of an indigenous tribe which existed during the late 1400s and early 1500s. Nicaragua gained independence from Spain in 1821, and later became an independent republic in 1838. (see www.infoplease.org, 2007, para. 1). The capital city is Managua, citizens are eligible to vote at age 16, and the primary language is Spanish. Mr. Daniel Ortega Saavedra is the current President.
Since its discovery, Nicaragua has been ravaged by revolution, guerrilla warfare, U.S. government and military occupation, insurrection of the Sandinista’s led by Augusto Cesar Sandino, government
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The indigenous and non-indigenous people share what is known as collective rights in accordance with the Political Constitution. Specifically, the Nicaraguan government may be considered a constitutional-republic government of which there are four branches: Legislative Branch, Executive Branch, Judicial Branch and an Electoral Branch. Moreover, Nicaragua defines itself as an independent, free, sovereign, unitary and indivisible State (Political Constitution of Nicaragua, Art. 6,
On the narrow isthmus known as Central America, between the world’s two greatest oceans, Nicaragua has been marked by endless years of political turmoil, social tension and economic dismay. The turmoil’s that have shaken the country make it plausible to believe that by some metaphysical law, Nicaraguan politics have accommodated to nature’s tantrums. Like its diverse, rugged and seismically active geology, the country’s politics have been irregular, impulsive and often explosive (Pastor, 15). The Nicaraguan election of February 25, 1990 represents the country’s attempt to break from its turbulent political past and pursue economic and political stability through the establishment of a democracy. The
At first, Managua may seem like another beautiful city in Central America, but its past reveals that there is a little more to it. Managua was not originally the capital of Nicaragua, but in order to resolve a dispute between two warring cities in Spain- the country who had colonized Nicaragua at the time. The city center was destroyed by both an earthquake and a wildfire and was only partially rebuilt, leading to Managua being spread out geographically. In two periods of disorder in the early 1900’s, Nicaragua was under the control of Spain, and any resistance was crushed.(McCarthy, 456)
Nicaragua is surrounded by its beautiful nature including its incredible history. The name ‘Nicaragua’ came from a chief named Nicarao. He was chief to a digenous tribe that settled in Lake Nicaragua around late 1400’s and early 1500’s. In 1524 Hernandez de Cordoda was the first Spanish settler to live in the region of Granada on Lake Nicaragua and Leon Managua. Nicaragua gained its independents from Spain in 1821, making the country part of the Mexican Empire and becoming a member of independent Central American. Nicaragua became an independent republic.
El Salvador’s government is a Republic (El Salvador: Lands 79). The country’s current leader, or more commonly called the president, is Salvador Sanchez Ceren (El Salvador: BBC). He was appointed to his position on June 1, 2014(World). The people of El Salvador call themselves Salvadorans (El Salvador: Lands 79). The population of El Salvador as of 2015 is 6,114,350. Their official language is Spanish; however, some small percentage of the population speak Nawat(World). The People of El Salvador
n the 1800’s a lot of people from Europe started to come into Nicaragua. Also families from Belgium, Spain, Italy, and Germany moved to Nicaragua to set up their own businesses to do with money. They established coffee businesses, newspapers, hotels and banks. The U.S. government negotiated with President Jose Santos Zelaya to get land so their would be a canal through Nicaragua in the late 1800’s. The minister of Nicaragua, Luis Felipe Corea, went to Washington and wrote a letter to the U.S. Secretary of State John Hay addressing the needed support of a canal by the Zelaya government. The Zanchez-Merry Treaty was signed with Nicaragua regarding the canal through Columbia but fell through because it was rejected by John Hay. The Spooner Act,
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Though one must question why was the Nicaraguan President Jose Zelaya overthrown? Was it personal interests again as it was in Hawaii or was it protecting the Nicaraguan citizens? As saw before in Hawaii, it
The history between the U.S. and Nicaragua has always been aimed at making sure there politically ideologies remain in line with our own. With the spread of communism, the U.S. had been involved in Nicaragua since 1912. The U.S. has acted as Big Brother and used military force when pro U.S. leaders were facing rebellion. Unfortunately in 1936 when the U.S. began training the Nicaraguan National Guard, there was a forceful takeover by a man named Somoza Garcia. The era of rule under the leadership and guidance of Garcia lasted for 43 years until a group known as the “FSLN” which stands for the Sandinista National Liberation Front was created which was essentially anti Somoza Garcia. The FSLN was a communist group which wanted to make Nicaragua a socialist state. Ultimately the group took control of the country and committed numerous human rights violations and also stole foreign aid for themselves. So with this takeover began a very rocky and difficult relationship with the U.S.
Nicaragua is the largest Central American country and was settled in as a Spanish colony back in the 1520's. In 1522 Spanish explorer Gil Gonzalez de Avila named the colony "Nicaragua" after an Amerindian chief named Nicarao who once ruled the area, making Nicaragua have Spanish and Indian cultures. Back in 1523-24 Francisco Hernandez de Cordoba officially completed his exploration of Nicaragua. In 1838 Nicaragua fully gained its independence from Spain. William Walker assumed presidency over the country in 1856, and had seeked U.S. annexation as well as sanctioning slavery. General Jose Santos Zelaya was Nicaragua's first dictator that took power in 1893. National hero Cesar Augusto Sandino starts a rebellion against US occupiers and other
Whether it is the Spanish governor Pedrarias versus the Indian chieftain Diriangen or the Somoza family versus Sandinista leaders, it is always a fight for freedom or dictatorship. The anti-Americanism of some Nicaraguans also spans back centuries, and it is at least partially justified. From William Walker’s conquest and presidency to America “stealing” the Panama Canal, and the later betrayal of Roosevelt and Nixon, there was plenty of reasons to harbor resentment for Americans. Sandino, the hero who fought the U.S. and inspired the Sandinista revolution, once told an American reporter, “Tell your people that there might be bandits in Nicaragua but that they are not necessarily
“The people of Nicaragua were suffering oppression. This made us develop an awareness which eventually led us to commit ourselves to the struggle against the domination of the capitalists of our country in collusion with the United States government.” (Daniel Ortega 1974) As has been discussed throughout the semester thus far many countries throughout Latin America have experienced a political revolution in some way, shape, or form. In the early 1970’s Nicaragua joined the long list of Latin American countries to experience a revolution when the Frente Sandinista de Liberacion Nacional (FSLN) lead by Daniel Ortega successfully overthrew the Somoza dynasty. Many people often times have a misconception of what exactly a political revolution
In the early 1900’s, the United States aimed to protect its interests in Central America, specifically Nicaragua. The United States sent in troops of Marines to help maintain order in Nicaragua due to civil unrest over a Presidential dispute. The United States was willing to send in the troops over a concern about Mexico gaining prestige in Nicaragua by backing Juan Bautista Sacasa, who was previously overthrown as Nicaragua’s President. Sacasa was trying to regain his status of President, though the United States supported Adolfo Diaz. Sacasa withdrew from trying to claim the presidency after he made an agreement with the U.S., though in 1932 he did finally become the President of Nicaragua through an election.
Fernando Cardenal, serving as the National Literacy Crusade Coordinator, and Valerie Miller, a CNA advisor, outlined that the literacy campaign would not just eradicate illiteracy, but create an identity of a “new man [and a] new woman” for Nicaraguans. Through the CNA, the Sandinistas hoped to introduce young Nicaraguans to the difficulties and hardship endured by Nicaragua’s poor rural population. For many of the brigadistas who volunteered, the 1980 literacy campaign served as their first experience with the other side of Nicaragua’s population, a side that remained unseen and not thought of by many under the Somoza regime. The life that brigadistas lived in during the CNA significantly altered their perspectives on society, both politically and culturally. The Sandinistas did in fact succeed at redefining the concept of the Nicaraguan experience for its youth.
Honduras is a vibrant country, offering crystalline blue waters, breathtaking jungles, and eye opening mountains. The Republic of Honduras is located in the northern part of the Central America. Honduras was once part of Spain’s great empire. The country triumphed to the end and became an independent nation in 1823. Honduras is a country with rich historical backgrounds. The country of Honduras is the second-largest country in Central America. Even though the Republic of Honduras is facing financial hardships, the country, however, is very culturally driven, making this country a hidden diamond for many. In this research paper I plan to focus on the history, geography, culture and the economical
The USSR had recently funded a communications site on Nicaraguan soil to help them communicate with other socialist nations. With a rising fear of the USSR and other socialist nations, the US immediately accused it of being a spy base. Not shortly afterwards the US began to take action against Nicaragua by issuing an economic blockade. Because the Nicaraguan economy relied so heavily on imports, this had a profound effect and contributed to the collapse of the Nicaraguan economy. “It was impossible to spend even a day in Nicaragua without becoming aware of the huge and unrelenting pressure being exerted on the country by the giant standing on the northern front” (p.24).