Luciferase Assay Paper

White Rat: as they began the test with the white rat it seemed to be going in a forward direction, as the wrapped started crawling towards him he showed very little stimulation. But as they introduce the rat the second time and let it touch his hand he withdraws immediately leaned to one side but did not cry this

- The goal of this practice is to get at least 3 consistent recordings from at least 2 mice in a day.

feel depressed. The scientists wanted to look for similar actions in the mice they studied. They

The purpose of the experiment used electrical shocks to test Seligman's and Maier's psychological theory. When the experiment was completed, the results collected were as follows: In the escape group, the time it took for the dogs to press the panel and

The creation of a transgenic animal in this case a mouse can be divided in four crucial steps. First the development of the transgenic construct, second its preparation for integration with the pronucleus of fertilized mouse embryo, third screening and identification of transgenic founder mice and last successful breeding of founder

For the purposes of conducting a psychological experiment within its own realm, the biological aspects of this study are outside the scope of anorexia and its biological elements.

To look at behavior and hyperactivity, the Open Field test was used. Six mice from the control group and six from the exposed group were placed into a plexiglass chamber and videotaped for one hour. Using video tracking software, Rearing, Stationary, and Walking behaviors were assessed, as well as the transition from one of these behavior to the other. If a mice spent more time walking than stationary, it was considered hyperactive. This experiment was repeated to confirm the findings and plots were made tracing the movement of the mice, looking at whether they were in the center or periphery of the

To measure various aspects of the rats moving throughout the water maze, a video tracking system will also need to be implemented. A Noldus EthoVision system will be required to accurately track the measured variables in this experiment. Video recorded from the EthoVision will also be supplied for future analysis and supplemental material.

Each chamber was 19x45 cm with plexiglass walls with openings separating each chamber. The day before testing each mouse was put in the empty apparatus for 5 minutes to get used to the chamber. On the testing day each mouse was put in the center chamber one at a time with a block (object) in one chamber and a stranger mouse in the other chamber. The stranger mouse was kept in place with a little wire dome over it so the mice could interact. The mouse was observed for 12 minutes. Researchers kept track of the amount of time (s) that the mouse spent with the object and the

Condition suppression technique was a new way for studying learned fear. According to (William K Estes, Biography, American Psychology, Britannica.com), rats were repeatedly given food after pressing the lever. An electric shock was applied immediately after the food was given. That caused the lever pressing to be suppressed. This allowed Estes to conduct trial by trial in the changes in the learned response. This Paradigm became one of the most widely used techniques for studying animal behavior, and still is used today, according to (Smith, 2014, para.

One hypothesis suggests that bulimia nervosa is the behavioral manifestation of the underactivity of serotonin. Serotonin is one of the hormones/neurotransmitters that regulates vital functions, such as eating, in the central nervous system. It is also thought to be responsible for controlling states of consciousness and mood. Serotonin is special: its own synthesis and release is enhanced by some foods, suppressed by others, and unaffected by yet others. The effects are all dependent on nutritional content. Transmitters are also affected by not eating. The brain easily detects how long an individual has gone without food. These qualities enable serotonin-releasing neurons to control one type of appetite: that for eating the appropriate amounts of carbohydrates and proteins. However, these same neurons can cause food consumption to affect other behaviors linked with serotonin such as sleepiness and environmental stimuli. They may also allow mood disturbances to override appetite control mechanisms, causing an individual to eat unnecessarily (Winik 27-34).

(1989b) indicates that the originally-selected high dose level of 0.3 mg/kg-d was initiated and because “no observable effects were apparent after 10 weeks of exposure”, this dose was increased to 0.4 mg/kg throughout the remainder of the study. The mating period covered as long as two weeks. Because it is specified that both male and female rats were dosed before and during mating as well as through gestation, because the manuscript indicates that male and female rats were dosed 5 days per week prior to gestation, and that pregnant dams were dosed 7 days per week during gestation, it is assumed that male rats were dosed 5 days per week during gestation, as during the mating and pre-mating period. The range of durations in based on the unspecified duration of the mating period, indicated as one or two weeks. The duration of exposure for F0 male rats is 17 or 18 weeks (13 weeks premating, one or two weeks mating, three weeks’ gestation), administered 5 days

In order to ensure that this experiment will give us an outcome, we can compare it to a study that has already been conducted. Siberian hamsters were

This result shows that the four individuals observed spent most of their time during the study resting. There is a huge lack of presence of feeding and traveling

Since that experiment there was an evidence that rats having goal-directed action(Balleine & O'doherty, 2010).