In 1968 Jack Valenti, the president of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA), established the Classification and Ratings Administration (CARA) in an effort to reduce the amount of objectionable material in film. Before 1968, the MPAA required that all films follow the guidelines of the Production Code. The Production Code stipulated what was and was not appropriate to appear in films. In 1966, the MPAA elected Jack Valenti president and he changed the code to a rating system based on the amount of objectionable content in a film. The rating system went through several amendments until the current rating system. A controversy arose when The Weinstein Co. film Blue Valentine received an NC-17 rating for a sexually explicit scene …show more content…
Since film director, Steven Spielberg, introduced the PG-13 rating in 1984, ratings creep has infected films. Ratings creep allows material such as perverse language or mature content that would appear in an R rated film to make its way into films rated PG-13 (Hansen 273). In a content analysis that was conducted by three researchers they found that “[recent] studies of movie content have indicated that movies with ratings of G, PG, and PG-13, which are unrestricted for child audiences, have included increasing amounts of adult content . . . across the past decade” (Potts and Belden 267). In PG-13 rated films more material that is objectionable is appearing in the films. In an article for the Journal of Adolescent Health, the author writes, “[despite] the criterion that [‘] rough or persistent violence is absent [’] in PG-13 films, studies indicate that PG-13 contains equal, if not more, violence than R films” (Nalkur, Jamieson, and Romer 4). Ratings creep is something that can happen over time. The Production Code of the early Hollywood years saw a digression of censorship during the late 50s and early 60s when the committee started to make compromises allowing more elements that were objectionable to creep into films of that era. Because of the digression of the Production Code the MPAA president, Jack Valenti, decided to change the Production Code to the current rating system. It is also a corrupt
Throughout my career in the social sector I worked with a variety of for-profit companies; over the last few years I’ve noticed interesting trends. Corporations are changing how they structure and evaluate philanthropic partnerships and fewer and fewer organizations are opting to donate through traditional methods. Social entrepreneurs are even integrating philanthropy into their business models. Just consider, big names such as Toms and Seventh Generation and newer start ups like Bombas (a sock company that donates socks one-for-one for every pair they sell). One-time event sponsorship and foundation giving seems to be losing ground to newer, innovative community investment strategies. These shifts have encouraged non-profits, including
The MPAA’s movie rating system has been progressively allowing movies to teach children immoral values and something must be done to fix this. The different topics on which the MPAA base their ratings on have skewed standards. One
My dad and I are both huge movie nerds. We both love watching them and talking about them. Although we like some similar and some different types of movies, we like to watch and discuss them together.
Spike Lee’s Do the Right Thing (1989) portrayed an important social problem of the time period – interracial rivalry. The movie was one of many ghetto action films made during the era. In the article “Producing Ghetto Pictures” by Craig Watkins, he says that the movies of the ghetto film cycle committed much of their storyline to that of the relationship between young, poor black males and the ghetto (170).
Higher Learning - Film Analysis Exposition: The Establishing Shot of the film is a full screen American Flag, the camera zooms out and points down, revealing a large crowd of people in a rally, being very patriotic. As the camera zooms off the flag we come across a statue of Columbus- indicating it to be Columbus University. The speaker on the stage gives us another indication of the setting by Shouting'Columbus University'. They are in front of a stage with Band music playing and chants rising out.
The data indicates that movies with a PG-13 rating have an average rating of about 3.8 for sex/nudity, 4.7 for violence, and 4.3 for profanity. The rating category with the highest variance is
The MPAA rating system, which was created and is regulated by the Motion Picture Association of America, was set in place to help determine how old you have to be in order to view different movies (MPAA Ratings). This system is supposed to help determine whether a movie is deemed appropriate for different age levels, but most of the age groups are quite broad and how a person views the level of appropriateness can be biased. The current rating system was created in 1968, which replaced the original system called, “The Production Code” (also known as the “PCA” or the Production Code Administration) (Rocchi). Not all systems are perfect, which is why this one was revised and eventually turned into the more recent MPAA rating system.
The documentary This Film is Not Yet Rated, provides an account about the MPAA and their rating system. The film contends three main arguments against the MPAA rating's prejudice between; sex and violent content, homosexual sex and heterosexual sex, and bloody and non-bloody violence, by their use of side-by-side comparisons. A main argument in the film is how the MPAA differs in its treatment of sexual content versus violent content. The documentary contends that main difference between NC-17 and R is that R would only show missionary position sex; while other type of sexual behaviors is NC-17. Side-by-side examinations of The Cooler and Scary Movie, is used as evidence for this argument.
Bushman, Jamieson, Weitz, and Romer explore whether or not the presence of guns in PG-13 rated movies has increased throughout the years. In their research, they learn that the rate of gun violence in PG13 movies has indeed grown to surpass the rate of gun violence in R-rated movies. The authors demonstrate that youth now have more access to movies showing gun violence, suggesting that this could potentially have an effect on youth aggression.
Nowadays, people all around the world learn and get their influence from mass media. Also, America is the country that has the most access to any mass media. However, mass media type like PG-13 rated movies have been in question for triple gun violence contents since 1985 (Wilson & Hudson 2013). In 2012, the contents of gun violence appeared in PG-13 rated movies exceeded to the contents in R-rated movies ( Bushman 2013: 1017). Since the movies were rated as PG-13, children who are younger than 13 years old can easily have access to the violence contents in the films ( Bushman 2013: 1017). By exposing violence contents in PG-13 rated movies, young teenagers might act out those violence materials in real life. In addition, PG-13 rated movies earn 45% market share with high-grossing movies (Wilson & Hudson 2013).
The opportunity to attend the Hollywood Semester is a huge stepping stone for me to achieving my dream and reaching my many goals. Academically I believe that this experience will exceedingly further and boost my knowledge and understanding of the industry and will help me assess what knowledge I need to gain before graduation. Professionally, The Hollywood Semester would help me gather more experience to make myself more distinguishable than other applicants after graduation. The internships that I am hoping to obtain will add valuable items to my resume along with allowing me to gain experience in a corporate studio setting. I am excited to participate in the creation of something far bigger than I have created here at Bradley University.
There are three major standards through which I decide whether or not I will watch a film: reputation, and genre. Reputation is inclusive of friends and ratings of the film. Usually my friends and I have similar tastes and we are aroused or repulsed by the same films. Reputation is a strong and stable standard for deciding which film to go to, because with such a large population of movie watchers, major biases don't affect the reputation and ratings are fair and accurate. Also, people are inclined to give high ratings to movies that touch them or really make them think regardless
The media has a way of influencing people of all ages. Specifically, violence and horror in the media are the most debated. Why do people go to watch violent movies or horror movies? They go for entertainment without realizing the physical or mental effects. Kathy Benjamin’s “5 Scientific Ways Watching Movies Effects You” and Bernie DeGroat’s “Scary Movies Can Have Lasting Effects on Children and Teens” both mention the negative effects of movies, especially horror movies, with research or studies. However, only one of the essays, “5 Scientific Ways Watching Movies Effects You,” mentions some positive effects. Statistics have shown that watching these type movies can have short and long term repercussions.
“We cannot solve our problem with the same thinking, we used when we created them”. ‘Proof’ the play and movie is all about love, trust and relation. Catherin was very close to her father Robert and after his death she is missing her father in every bit of second. Another daughter Claire who lived in New York and not close to her father so she didn’t have much feeling for her father as Catherin. In Chicago, on the day of her twenty-seventh birthday, Catherine receives her sister Claire from New York for the funeral of their father Robert, who passed away a couple of days before. Robert was a brilliant mathematician that became bughouse, and Catherine had lived with him for the last five years, inclusive quitting her studies in the faculty, and she is concerned about having inherited his insanity. Catherin the main character of this film who is a mathematical genius but her talent was hidden. She is very frustrated and hopeless due to her recently father’s death. She adjusts to his father death with the help of one of her father's former mathematical students, who
In order to establish a group that censors televisions and movies, the Motion Picture Producers Association (MPAA) was created. Each rating category has a description of the appropriate age at which to view the film and whether or not a parent’s accompaniment is necessary. The Motion Picture Producers Association assesses a film and gives it a rating of G (general audiences), PG (parental guidance suggested), PG-13 (parents strongly cautioned), R (restricted), or NC-17 (no one under seventeen admitted). As the film industry has been changing over time, so have the ratings. More and more parents are having issues with the ratings that some films are issued. “The man behind the ratings, Jack Valenti, president of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA), says the system works just fine. ‘Parents use it and trust it, and that's why it's lasted for almost 35 years,’ Valenti says. ‘It warns parents in advance about what's in a particular movie, but ultimately, parents are responsible for the behavior and conduct of their children — not the ratings system’ (Hansen 273).”