Music In Ancient Mesopotamia And Egypt

5,500 year old instruments have been found in what was once known as Sumer. They mostly comprise of lyres, lutes, drums, rattles, harps and wooden and bone wind instruments. The instruments were composed of organic material so very few have remained after thousands of years. What we do have knowledge of Sumerian instruments comes mainly from reliefs, plaques, seals and mosaics that have been discovered. Clay tablets written in cuneiform describe numerous instruments as well as how they were

Instruments used to portray these various styles of music were often drums of all shapes and sizes, rattles, and often tambourines or bells with other percussion instruments. The drums were constructed by using such materials as clay, iron, wood or aluminum with heads of buckskin, chamois, or rubber. These drums were typically played with a single drumstick, holding a steady pattern of four beats. Also, in addition to these instruments there were wind instruments.

The organ is an instrument that dates back to the third century B.C. The man credited for this invention is Ctesibius of Alexandria who invented an instrument called the hydraulis, which used wind maintained through water pressure to some pipes. Organs are most likely found in churches and are used during the services. Its divine pitch imitates that of a human voice and creates a beautiful sound that many find pleasing. There are three types of organs, non-piped, electronic, and mechanical organs. Non-piped organs are much like accordions and harmonicas. Electronic organs make electronically produced sounds through speakers. Then the mechanical organs are

Although art and music before the Enlightenment era provided an outlet for emotionally intense and dramatic performances which people looked to for entertainment, the Enlightenment period in Europe from the 16th to 18th centuries created a turning point for art and music by adding a level of complexity, a sense of balance, and by incorporating ideas from reality into the art piece which embellished the fine arts genre throughout Europe.

People looking up Precortesian or people that already know, song, dance, and religion are involved. The instruments that are used are the Huehuetl which is the upright drum. You have the Tlapitzalli being the flute, Ayacachtli known as rattle. The last two being the Chicahuaztli know for rasp and Chalchayotes which are ankle rattles. Percortesian music had different categories it was put in such as for civic festivals, religious festivals, profane or secular, and religious chants. It also was also used in acts such as magic, or hunting or totemic. Precortesian music having variety of categories, it also was used in different music such as: folk music, imitative music, personal music (love or death songs), intimate music, or erotic music.

4. To start off, a lot of Renaissance instruments have evolved into the modern day instruments we use today. Without the weird instruments that were made decades ago, we wouldn’t have had the cool instruments we do today. The issue of tuning and unpleasant sounds has been fixed because now instruments have tuning valves and other devices to help ease the pain of the horrendous sound made by out of tune instruments.

Regardless of where they are located, almost all ancient civilizations share basic features. For example, most civilizations develop things such as a class system, a common religion, or a system of writing. Another mark of a successful civilization is the evolution of music. Since music is not essential to survival, its development is usually within a large established society. The purpose of music varies from civilization to civilization, era to era. In some cultures, music accompanied religious rituals, as one sees in Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. In others, such as Ancient Greece, music was a part of education and entertainment. Music also played a very important role in keeping legends and records of history alive through oral tradition. The way it was produced ranged from monophonic vocalizations in its earliest history to complex instruments and systems later in time. Any way it was produced, the role music played was one of the most important in ancient societies.

that is normally played with one stick while the hand that holds the drum is used to mute which helps accentuate some beats and muffle others. The agogo acts as the melodic instrument even though there are only two notes that can be played. The agogo is an idiophone that resembles two different sized cow bells attached together.

Music played a significant role in the lives of ancient Greeks. They believed that music fostered one’s relationship with the gods, and some instruments, such as the lyre, were created by the gods. Music and dance were also taught

Hermes Invents the Lyre: Hermes departed from the cave and ventured off. He discovered a tortoise and decided to kill it and make an instrument out of it. He cut it up and used its shell, an ox’s hide, reeds, and strings of sheep gut to invent the first seven-stringed lyre.

The most common of these was the soprano chalumeau, but alto, tenor, and bass versions of the instrument existed as well (Lawson). There is also evidence that there was no set key for these instruments to be pitched in. There are a few examples of surviving chalumeau to back up these claims. The first one, created by a many by the name of Liebav, is pitched in C and is 33 centimeters in length. A few more exist made by Denner and Klenig are all pitched in F and are around 50 centimeters long (Lawson). While we have surviving examples of soprano, alto, and tenor chalumeau, there are no remaining bass chalumeau for us to examine. The closest we are able to come to the bass chalumeau are three remaining instruments close to the bass clarinet in size, but they more resemble the bassoon due to their angled finger holes (Lawson).

From beginning to end the Bible is full of music and song. The first musician, Jubal, makes his appearance as early as Genesis 4… As we turn the pages, we find many who follow in Jubel’s musical footsteps (Roberts, 2002:84)

Music in Ancient Greece was well integrated in their society, it played a large role in various ceremonies from marriages to funerals, as well as entertainment like plays or epic poetry. Although it is believed that music was invented in Africa over 55,000 years ago, music really began and took shape in Ancient Greece. Even the word music came from the Greek word muses who were believed to be the daughters of Zeus and were the patron Goddesses of creativity. There are many references to music in ancient Greece, from drawings on pottery of people playing, as well as literary works that even describe how the instruments sounded. Speaking of instruments, in addition to the voice being used as one, there are several instruments that are known to have existed in Ancient Greece, a few different string instruments including a lyre, a kithara (which is believed to be the ancient equivalent of a guitar), and a barbitos, which is a taller version of a lyre. They also had several wind type instruments including and aulos, pan pipes, a hydraulis (which eventually led to the modern day organ), as well as a salpinx, which was an ancient type of trumpet with a bone mouthpiece that was the origin of the many brass instruments that we know of today. Finally, we also know of several percussion instruments that were used by the ancient Greeks, these include a tympanum, which was like a tambourine, a crotala, and a koudounia. Music was actually one of the main teachings, along with gymnastics

Music in Mo Tzu’s China was a historical and religiously based event. Music has always been a form of expression in Chinese cultural history, whether it is among the musical festivals of the common people, or the extravagant operas held in the courts of the ruling class aristocracy. Other than these forms of musical entertainment, more critical were the “rites” often closely associated with the “music” of the time. In fact, “rites-music” is a more general term often used to describe these early practices of playing and performing ritualistic

The purpose of this brief is to inform the students the restraints and expectations of the prototype speaker.For the design to be successful, it must be able to amplify the sound from a smart phone while still being able to be used while in the device. The design must consist of at least one net shape and be made of sheet metal. To achieve the best feedback, research needs to be conducted on how sound reverberates, the best shape to amplify it acoustically by at least 4 decibels and what type of sheet metal works best.The restrictions placed upon the design by the workshop staff are that the only machines to be used are the Magna-bender, Pan brake, spot welding, pot rivets, sand blasting, oxy brazing and soft soldering.The restrictions