III. Does the paper propose a hypothesis? If so, what is it? (1)
Given all the information around the negative outcomes of youth with ADHD, there are currently treatments and psychopharmacological interventions commonly used to help reduce symptoms and improve functioning. Typically, individuals diagnosed with ADHD are typically given a prescription of psychostimulants by a physician (Singh et al., 2015). Although stimulations help to improve functioning, there are limitations to this form of treatment. Limitations concerning the lack of evidence of benefits of long-term educational achievement. Along with, school’s personals inability to control or implement this form of intervention. In consequence, the study proposes a hypothesis that
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To ensure all student have equal learning opportunities, active engagement among entire class is required. However, key behavioral attributes of students with ADHD means they have trouble paying attention, participating, and allocating time to a task due to their inability to pay full attention and their hyperactivity. For this reason, the aim of the study is to provide an assessment of the effectiveness of a specific meditative practice, Samatha meditation. This mindfulness-based intervention, Samatha meditation, is understood as resting awareness on a given object of attention (i.e., the breath) while using mindfulness to ensure that concentration does not deviate from the object of meditative placement. Mindfulness refers to the trait of being mindful. While mindfulness meditation refers to the meditation style that is based on the philosophy of mindfulness. In sum, mindfulness is described as “paying attention in a particular way; on purpose, in the present moment and nonjudgmentally”. (LEC.01) (any more activities)
III. Was the design experimental or observational? (1)
This study is an analytic design study, that utilizes both observational data along with experimental data. This study attempts to quantify the relationship between two factors, that is, the effect of this meditative intervention and its outcomes. In the analytic observational study, it utilizes
ADHD is a very common neurodevelopment disorder of childhood. It is usually diagnosed in late childhood, around the age of seven by the teachers. The symptoms are typical during ages 3-6 and if not treated properly becomes chronic and persists even after entering adulthood. Children with ADHD may have trouble paying attention, staying organized and controlling impulsive behaviors. It is very difficult to diagnose and when undiagnosed the children can grow to be mislabeled as trouble makers in their adulthood.
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder has a complicated and interesting history and because of that it is important to understands this disorders implications and comorbidity to better treat and diagnose it. Research done by the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) shows that 11% of the US population between the ages of 4-17 are affected with ADHD; that’s 6.4 million children and the prevalence of diagnosis is only increasing (2016). It was generally assumed that ADHD was something children would grow out of but new studies show that approximately 4% of the adult population in the US are still suffering from ADHD or have developed ADHD (Breyer, J. L., Lee, S., Winters, K. C., August, G. J., & Realmuto, G. M. 2014). ADHD is
This section will discuss the advantages and drawbacks of medicating children as a result of being diagnosed with ADHD and it’s implications on a child in a mainstream school. Symptoms and behaviour patterns of ADHD children, differs widely as no two children are the same. Diagnosis of ADHD can be subjective varying from different medical professions. Due to the complexity of ADHD and other psychiatric behaviours that can mimic ADHD, it is often found that those taking medication do not require it and may only have mild symptoms. Many children diagnosed with ADHD are offered medication in a stimulant form as opposed to other drugs. This is often the preferred choice of medication as it has been used for a number of years by a variety of people and has shown little side effects when used correctly (Lougy, DeRuvo, and Rosenthal, 2007, p.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is a well-known problem across the world. The most controversial topics when it comes to ADHD are the drugs used to treat the disorder. It is commonly known that ADHD represents something along the lines of “one is too hyper and cannot pay attention”, but that doesn’t mean they should be forced to take a medication that will potentially affect their well-being for the rest of their life. The mind of a human being is a beautiful and fragile thing, drugs should not be used for those who struggle with ADHD. The school system does not treat those with ADHD in learning environments correctly. Those who have been
In 2005, the CDC estimated the annual cost of ADHD to the United States to be between thirty-six to fifty-two billion dollars. This estimate takes into account not only medication costs, but those doctor’s visits and lost productivity. Cost of medication is the most significant factor, however, productivity lost by adults with the condition, or having to take off work to address a child’s behavioral incidences account for nearly four billion dollars (CDC 2015). The state of Indiana alone has more than eighty percent of youth diagnosed with the condition on pharmaceutical stimulants (CDC 2015). This provides evidence that a therapeutic approach that reduces the use of these costly stimulants and teaches individuals with the condition a viable, sustainable coping mechanism for their disorder is again a worthwhile pursuit.
Sibley’s article differs from the other articles that make up this annotated bibliography in that this journal article extends and updates the findings of a prior one article on the previous 15 years of research. Updates include an expansion of pharmacological treatment options and developmentally appropriate psychosocial treatment packages for adolescents with ADHD. In addition nonstimulant medications like atomoxetine are now approved for the treatment of ADHD in
Since the early 1990’s the use of stimulant medications had tripled for patients who have been diagnosed with ADHD. ADHD is a highly genetic, brain-based syndrome that has to do with the regulation of a particular set of brain functions and related behaviors (add.org, 2017). According to several sources on the World Wide Web, the increase in ADHD diagnoses has increased significantly. Identifying the trends with parents, teacher and providers is now more important than ever. There could be a possibility of over medicating children who may or may not have this disorder. It may not be beneficial to prescribe children this powerful stimulant as their brains are still in developing stages in
Struggling to pay attention, getting easily distracted, or even acting super hyper, these are all signs of ADHD. ADHD can affect people of all ages, it doesn’t just affect children. ADHD is a mental health disorder that has an impact on the brain and body, influences individuals with ADHD 's behavior by having them act out get easily distracted during school, work, driving and in personal relationships.
The diagnosis of attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has increased significantly over recent years and along with the rise in diagnosis is the dramatic surge in prescription medication as treatment. ADHD is a behavior issue, not a disease. As an alternative to prescribing medication to alter a child’s behavior, parents, teachers, and doctors need to determine and find a resolution to the root cause of the negative behavior. Medication is not a cure for ADHD and does not solve the issues that create negative behavior – alternatives to drugs are available to make the necessary behavior modifications in children.
Normalization of skills such as learning and applying knowledge were not associated with stimulant medication (Loe and Feldman, 2007). Behavioral interventions for ADHD, including behavioral parent training, behavioral classroom interventions, positive reinforcement and response cost contingencies, are effective in reducing core ADHD symptoms according to Loe and Feldman’s 2007 study. Behavior management was found to be as effective as medication at reducing core symptoms (Loe and Feldman, 2007). Loe and Feldman’s (2007) study determined that more research is needed to determine which modifications would benefit more in the
Ritalin has been over used for too many years when dealing with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder cases or similar diagnosis that called for it. One of the major reasons that Ritalin isn’t prescribed as much anymore is because there have been several cases where it would cause more damage than good for the patients that were taking the medication. Another reason is that several parents that had children sensitive to the medication would not listen to their children until they had to act out and show how much they medication was causing them problems. When this would happen they were seen as trouble maker children or students that would act out for no reason or just to get attention.
The numbers can be mind-blowing! Ever since Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has been surveyed on a national level the numbers of affected persons diagnosed with the disorder has continued to climb. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2013) ADHD was first surveyed, using input from parents and providers, in 1997. Not only have numbers of diagnosed patients and population percentage with the disorder shown an upward trend in growth, so have the number of available prescription medications used to treat the disorder. There is no doubt that there are other means of treating ADHD and many parents and providers may decide an anti-medication approach by utilizing improving behavioral/cognitive therapy practices and techniques. Still though, it seems that it is assumed that medication is the most popular and effective treatment method used to treat and/or maintain the symptoms of the disorder.
Some students have major difficulties in life when faced with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, or more commonly referred to as “ADHD” , although if recognized early by noticing symptoms this disorder can be properly treated and contained causing minimal troubles for the victim. ADHD will distinguish itself commonly at an early age. There are exceptions to this with ADHD in adults. Some people can go years without noticing their disorder. These people in particular fall to the devastating effects of this disorder. They do have the power in their
The purpose of this research was to describe and understand Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and the most effective treatment options that are available today. ADHD is a mental health disorder that affects 3-9% of the population in ways that, if left untreated, can wreak havoc on the mind of the sufferer. It makes concentration difficult, large tasks seem insurmountable, and causes impulsive and hyperactive tendencies. Fortunately, research and experiments have led to new and effective treatments to help those who suffer from this disorder (Dupaul 8). This research examined journal articles and internet sources on the topic to help unlock the complexities of the disorder through scientific research. It also was a way to
ADHD really affects the way a child develops. ADHD stands for “Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder” and it is a neurobehavioral disorder that causes overactivity, behavioral disinhibition, and poor attention span (Lassen, 2016). Children with ADHD can be easily distracted, delayed learning, bad memory, and have difficulty with social skills, leading to them falling behind in school and making it difficult to stay caught up with their peers.