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Non Technical Summary : Prostate Cancer

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NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common solid malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death in men, however, a large number of newly diagnosed PCa are indolent. Patients with indolent PCa have to undergo similar treatment as aggressive PCa and suffer from cost and side effect of treatment, compromising the quality of life and potential morbidity without any benefit.
FDA has approved Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) assessment for screening for PCa. However, ubiquitous application of PSA screening has also led to over detection and over treatment of PCa. Patients with elevated PSA, with a cancer suspicion, are subjected to prostate biopsy for further examination. However, these prostate biopsies often miss the target (neoplastic tissues) and hit the normal tissue for sampling, and as a result, the prostate cancer goes undetected. Hence, transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) is used to help the physician properly place the needle, which is projected through the tip of a probe inserted into the rectum to the prostate.
Recent studies revealed that Magnetic Resonance Imaging/ultrasound fusion guided biopsy significantly upgrades prostate cancer detection from systematic 12-core Transrectal ultrasound biopsy. Numerous other diagnostic biomarkers and imaging techniques are developed to appropriately diagnose significant cancer and distinguish from benign.
By reviewing patient charts and gathering data, we are planning to estimate the correlation
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