Norovirus Process

Coughing and sneezing can spread the viruses easily. Infected stool may be infectious, such as changing a diaper or children use hands to touch their stool before touching another objects and put in their mouths..

To prevent and control the infection and the measures that are to be taken by the facility to limit the spread of norovirus is that the organisation should have signs saying that there are some infected patients. Making sure of having a proper hand hygiene and wash the laundry thoroughly and make sure to disinfect the clothes. Usage of proper Personal Protection Equipment and sterilize the suspected

Nipah virus, Arena Virus and Francisella tularensis are bioterrorism agents. They work in various ways to harm the host. Francisella tularenis is considered a Tier 1 bioterrorism agent and Nipah virus is an overlap select agent that affects humans and agriculture both. They have been harmful in the past. Though, Nipah virus is a newer virus than the other two. This review will focus on their emergence, pathogenicity and symptoms of the diseases they cause.

The Norwalk virus is part of a group called the Noroviruses and caliciruses. It is known to cause gastroenteritis, infection within food, food poisoning, and even the short lived nonbacterial gastroenteritis. It can spread from contaminated water and infected foods. It can even spread anywhere, even on a cruise ship. A pleasant vacation may have some passengers choosing to jump ship, if the Norwalk virus is a passenger on board.

In the laboratory setting, the virus was found in respiratory droplets, feces, saliva, tears and urine (WHO/DCDSR, 2003). SARS is primarily spread through close, personal contact, such as kissing, hugging, eating or drinking, as well as being within 3 feet of a person who coughs or sneezes while infected and shedding the virus. These activities allow the respiratory droplets shed during these activities to come in contact with mucous membranes found in the eyes, nose and mouth (Kutsar, 2004). Other modes of transmission include aerosolizing procedures in hospital settings and contamination of surfaces in “healthcare facilities, households and other closed environments” (Kutsar, 2004, para. 12). There has been no confirmation of fecal-oral transmission or of transmission via water or food; however, over one-third of the earliest cases in China were among food handlers (Kutsar, 2004). Finally, there is a possibility of animal vector transmission, as discussed in regards to the Hong Kong’s Amoy Gardens (WHO/DCDSR, 2003).

This essay is about Norwalk virus. How to prevent it and what to do if you recieve this illness. This essat also informs you on the history and recent outbreaks. How to avoid the illness and how it is transmitted are told in this illness. Death is also a topic in this essay and how many people die from norwalk virus annually.

Norovirus can be transmitted through fecally contaminated food and water or contact with an infected person. Shellfish, salads, and oysters are the foods most typically related to the

The Variola virus can easily transmitted from one individual to another. Directly from one person to another, direct transmission, requires prolonged face-to-face contact, with an infected individual. The variola virus can be transmitted through the spread of bodily fluids from the infected individual. The virus can be spread through the air, by the droplets that escape from an infected person during respiration, or the through experience coughing, sneezing or while talking. In rare instances, the airborne virus can spread greater distances, such as that of through ventilation systems, infection those in other rooms within a building. Not only can the variola virus be an airborne transmission, but can also be transmitted through coming into contact with

Education and training about the risks of Norovirus is one of the most important, if not most important, form of precaution. Staff of the aged-care facility must be adept to recognize early signs of outbreak, be prepared and knowledgeable to swiftly manage the outbreak and reduce their susceptibility to the outbreak as well. Having the right knowledge and skill in infection control, the nurses in the aged-care can provide optimum care for the elderly patient.

It was indeed a great pleasure to read your interpretation of the Norovirus in Vermont. I would like to share my point of view as it relates to the similarities and differences from the outbreak of Norovirus in Vermont to the outbreak of Botulism in Argentina.

An individual must be sure to wash their hands after expose to public places and avoid contacts with the mouth, eyes, and nose as these areas are prone to possible exposure of the virus. Before preparing a meal, individuals must wash their hands to expel any possible viral particles as poor sanitation leads to infection.

Human norovirus is a contagious viral infection, responsible for more than half the food-borne diseases outbreaks. In addition to contaminated food, vomiting is also thought to cause the spread of norovirus. Also called the ‘winter vomiting bug’, this virus most commonly spreads in hotels, schools, and cruise ships. Though vomiting is known to release particles containing norovirus into the air, how and why this could be transmitted to someone nearby is unknown. To answer

This virus is easily transmitted between individuals, particularly when they are housed close to each other. It is most often transmitted through respiratory secretions (2). It can also be transmitted through aerosols, such as sputum, and oral and cloacal secretions. The virus may persist in water and may be spread through feces. It can also be

Infectious diseases are disruptions in the human body caused by organisms such as fungi, bacteria and viruses. The two ways of spreading infectious diseases are direct and indirect contact. Direct contact can cause transmission by touching an infected person or exchanging body fluids with them; if the infected person sneezed on someone or performed sexual activities with them, that person would get infected; furthermore pregnant women can transmit some infectious diseases to their fetus. Indirect transmission can be through many ways; one way is through air, if a person enters a room while or after an infected person has entered it the person might get the disease. Moreover if a person touches anything such as a phone after an infected person

     Person to person transmission can occur through poor hygiene habits or by handling human waste. Daycares and nursing homes are at a high risk for person to person transmission because of the high risk of handling infected feces. Family outbreaks are common, as are outbreaks among children at nurseries (Donnelly & Stentiford, 1997).