Cheyenne Smith Fall Midterm A. 1. Who were the study participants and how was fruit and vegetable purchase data obtained? Participants in the study were low-income families that participate in WIC. Families using WIC shopped at grocery chain stores in Connecticut or Massachusetts in January 2009-September 2010. 2. Summarize the major changes detected in food purchasing patterns during the study period. On average, a household spent $235 a month for groceries in 2009. Within this amount, 4.6% of their spending was on fruits. In 2010, the average spent monthly on groceries was $219. Within this amount, 6.2% of their spending was on fruits. Although families were spending less on groceries, they were still getting some fruits within their budget. Vegetable spending grew in total from 5.4% to 6.3%. In both 2009 and 2010, the most purchased vegetables were fresh and canned types (e.g. ketchup and pickles). 60% of vegetable purchases were fresh vegetables. According to Table 1, other vegetables (e.g. celery, mushrooms and olives) accounted for 40% of all purchased vegetables in 2009 for WIC households based on cup-equivalent servings. There was a similar expenditure in 2010 of vegetable purchases among WIC participants. Before WIC’s revisions, WIC had a very limited set of vegetables available. 3. Explain the substitution effects observed. Why is including analysis of substitution effects important for researching an incentive program? Substitution effects were: WIC households
The dollar menu section of this documentary focused on how processed foods and fast food are typically less expensive than healthier foods. The documentary shows one family having the dilemma at the grocery store: a family is aware that the father who has diabetes needs a healthier diet with more fresh, but they are forced to buy foods they can afford. As the film implies people with lower incomes are more likely to eat processed, cheaper, foods, leading to a higher rate of diabetes, obesity and other health problems. The federal government spends billions each year subsidizing commodity crops. Over time, prices of certain crops, like soybeans and corn, were lowered due to these subsidies causing overproduction which made them a lot cheaper than other crops. Since these crops were so cheap, meat and food producers started using them for a variety of purposes, such as, high-fructose corn syrup, animal feed and hydrogenated oils. The lowest-priced options at the grocery are processed foods made from subsidized ingredients that have refined grains with added fats and sugars. This cheap food has had the greatest impact on low-income families. Because are on a tight budget, the price difference between fresh healthy foods and food with subsidized
Today, nearly 57 million Americans receive benefits from nutrition assistance programs such as SNAP and WIC. The 47.6 million Americans that are part of SNAP are currently able to purchase food staples as well as prepackaged foods. The 9 million WIC beneficiaries however, are limited to the types of products they can purchase to only food staples. There is a new bill being constructed for the approval or denial of Congress that will alter the current US Farm Bill. This new bill will restrict the purchases of SNAP beneficiaries to food staples only in addition to adding white potatoes to the list of foods WIC recipients can purchase. These changes will have an impact on the price and quantity of food markets such as: the rice, sugar, and
Michael Pollen’s book brought everything together and cleared all my confusion about American food system based on how he tracked the food we eat from the farm to when we swallow it. The environment and economy have been the main shapers of foodways and in many cases people will have crops that are cheap to grow, animal that will grow mostly cheap and which will sell at the best price, and that is what people will eat, they have no choice (Anderson, 2013). This is what exactly happening in America where most of the food we buy in supermarket or restaurant like Macdonald lack of quality. Pollan tracked the corn as the staple crop in America and showed how in most of the food at the supermarket consist of corn, but we buy those food without knowing,
The Pennsylvania Fresh Food Financing Initiative is a public private partnership, created in 2004 by the Pennsylvania state. It helped to create new supermarkets and refurbish or replace equipment at existing stores. The eligible stores were located in a low-income areas that were underserved, and to eligible for funding they agree to provide a full selection of fresh foods. The partnership funded more than 83 projects across Pennsylvania involving major national chains and smaller independent stores. Over the years the project has resulted in the creation and retention of about 5,000 jobs and 1.4 million square feet of retail space. Evidence from the program shows that adding more supermarkets with the access to high quality fruit and vegetable in an undeserved areas result in improved availability and an increased variety of foods in the community. It also shows that they are on the verge of reducing the high incidence of diet-related diseases by providing healthy food (Department of Health and Human Services, 2011, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “Strategies to Prevent Obesity and Other Chronic Diseases: The CDC Guide to Strategies to Increase the Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables”, Atlanta U.S, http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/download/fandv_2011_web_tag508.pdf retrieved 5th May
Individuals who live in low-income areas have to rely heavily on fast food and cheap food from convenience stores because it is the only food close and affordable to them. People in poor neighborhoods are, “Confronted with a high concentration of poor diet choices” and, “End up eating a less healthy diet” because, “Few markets” offer, “Fresh fruit and vegetables” (Cortright 1). Even if
For states that have needed more help to become healthier in their food choices such as southern states like Alabama and Georgia, they could receive a higher rebate of $0.45 for every dollar they spend on fruits and vegetables. Adding this incentive into the program is expected to actually increase consumption of fruits and vegetables by twenty-five percent, according to the Healthy Incentives Pilot program in Massachusetts. This policy should be enacted because as of right now there is no other way to promote spending on healthier choices when the prices on these choices are already so high for low-income families. In order to expand the SNAP program to fund this incentive, we need to allow for more government spending on this program. Though this would lead to higher debt for our domestic consumption, it would help those in the U.S. who have virtually nothing to eat. We plan on getting the money to fund this by allocating money from other unneeded government purchases such as the ones in our so called, “waste book”.
Researchers have begun to conduct studies on the correlation of healthy food options, local foods, federally funded food benefits and farmers’ markets. Recently, the government implemented dietary guidelines to improve nutritional quality of food;
Produce on sale at community farmer’s markets is at the peak of ripeness and nutrition because “food begins to lose nutrition as soon as it is harvested” (Source B). Correspondingly, Smith and MacKinnon put this information in context, explaining that the locavore diet is unnecessary for optimal health, especially because any person who makes healthy eating choices on a daily basis meets his or her nutritional needs effortlessly. The marginal health benefit that locavores acquire does not provide significant advantages. A key issue of the movement is the implications of nutrition on
For numerous amounts of people, fruits and vegetables may take a backseat to other foods such as junk food, but for many these healthy food choices are just not options. This is a very widespread issue that has swept the nation and the individual cities that formulate it. In particular, the lack of food security in Columbus, Ohio has had devastating effects for many residents, especially those who live in rural areas and the many underserved communities. These effects include being more prone to chronic diseases and unhealthy Body Mass Index (BMI) measurements. For adults “Twenty-five percent of Franklin County, Ohio, adults say they don’t eat five servings of foods and vegetables each day” (NLC). The residents of Columbus City should be able
The article titled “why eating for the season” is important explores the benefits of eating healthy foods at specific times. This scholarly article begins by discussing how purchasing certain produce during specific times of the years has evolved. Years ago it was only possible to purchase food that were in season. Today, however, most “seasonal” produce is sold years around. This article analogizes this disparity and examines that impact it has on one’s health. The author Janella Purcell argues that it is alarming how certain food, only grown by farmers in a particular season, are now being sold years around. Purcell goes on to add that when food are not is season we should not be consuming them. To further prove her proposition, a table was
The Quad Cities Area adult population generally fails to meet the USDA’s recommended dietary guideline of consuming at least five servings of fruits and vegetables per day, with only 35.7% reporting meeting these guidelines (Professional Research Consultants, 2015). This policy analysis will review current community efforts within the Quad Cities area that are concentrating on improving fruit and vegetable consumption of area adults. Additional policy options to help increase access, knowledge and skills regarding fruit and vegetable consumption will also be reviewed in terms of strengths, weaknesses, feasibility, and economic impact.
Would you rather find a bug in your apple and have your salad be on the wilted side, or take a big bite of artificial flavors and chemicals? What would you rather eat for dinner; a quick pick up from a fast food restaurant or a nutritious home cooked meal? For some, there may be no choice but to pick off the dollar menu at McDonalds or Burger King. Due to this circumstance, the consequences include an all-time rise of childhood obesity and Type 2 diabetes in the U.S. However, this circumstance is usually due to parents not being around, or a parent not having enough time or money to purchase fresh produce. The access to fresh, local, organic produce is difficult to come by, especially in low-income neighborhoods or towns. “I tend to sympathize
“Food is life. It is necessity and pleasure, family and community, culture and power.” Food is what lets us take a break during the day, and most importantly, healthy food gets us ready and energized for the busy day ahead. However, many Americans do not have access to healthy foods. Many low-income communities in the inner cities do not have access to healthy foods. Many of these communities live more than a mile away from a supermarket and transportation is often unavailable. Even when transportation is available, or one lives close to a supermarket, purchasing healthy food and fresh produce can be very expensive. Many people end up buying unhealthy food products from their local corner stores, which can’t afford to stock healthy fruits and vegetables like large grocery stores. Lack of access to healthy food is a race issue. Disproportionate access to healthy foods between whites and African Americans is extremely common. The data shows that African Americans have greater health issues and limited access to healthy food. Obesity rates are 50% higher for
foods in the United States? Unfortunately, people don’t really realize what they purchase at the
Contemporary debates regarding the increase of obesity are dominated by a personal responsibility frame. However, the most impacting factor for obesity in the United States is income. With farm subsidies, the price of soft drinks decreased by 23% between 1985 and 2000, meanwhile the cost of fruits and vegetables increased by 40% (SG5 Lecture Notes, 11/8/16). Based off the Bureau of Labor Statistics the cost of unhealthy foods has dramatically fallen while the price of fruits and vegetables has inflated.