Nrem Stage 1 Research Paper

Then you will move into stage two which includes sleep spindles and K complexes. Sleep spindles are very short bursts of brain activity, and K complexes are single high voltage strikes of brain activity. Also, in stage two delta brain waves start to slow function of the brain preparing for stage three and four. Stage three and stage four i will talk about as one because they are very similar and do similar things. These stages are referred to slow wave sleep because your brain is in it’s slowest speed of function. In stage three you brain is between 20 and 50 percent delta waves, from 50 to 100 percent delta waves you are considered to be in stage four. While in stage four people may experience sleep walking and other muscular movement without knowing so. Noises as loud as 90 decibels may not be able to wake the person from sleep. During REM sleep which is after NREM sleep the brain is more active and alert. This is where most dreams occur because your brain is active but you are still sleeping. After the short 15 minute period of REM sleep you will start over with stage one of NREM these cycles normally take 90 minutes to complete. Activity during sleep can come at any point but is most common in REM or stage four of

This stage does last longer than the previous one but only by 10 more minutes. In Non-REM 2, you have this weird and fascinating action happing in your noggin know as sleep spindles. These sleep spindles are bursts of rapid, rhythmic brain-wave activity. After this stage comes one of the best parts of sleep and the part that you’ll generally wake up covered in drool in. This happens to be Non-REM 3 which is often categorized as deep sleep. In this particular stage, we are welcomed by slow delta waves that our brain emits. When this stage has had it’s time to shine, which is 30 minutes, it is time to move onto the final

While experiencing good sleep, I will unconsciously pass through five stages: 1, 2, 3, 4 and REM sleep (citation). According to the PL100 text, these stages progress cyclically from 1 through REM then begin again with stage 1, and usually,

These stages are characterized by bursts of electrical activity on electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings. EEG readings monitor electrical activity representing neuronal activity in specific neurophysiological regions. Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is characterized by desynchronized, saw-toothed theta rhythm waves and heightened cognitive activity. Comparatively, high amplitude, synchronous delta waves, and sharp hippocampal waves characterize slow wave sleep (SWS) sleep (stages 3-4 of non-REM sleep) (Tucker et al. 2006).

While awake, beta waves are active in the brain. The first stage is known as REM. This is where rapid eye movement occurs. As well, dreams typically occur here. As you begin to fall asleep these beta waves become less prevalent and theta waves start to develop. This occurs in the early stages of sleep. Furthermore, this stage is known as N1 which is a light sleep that usually occurs for about five minutes. During this time body temperature drops and shallow, irregular breathing occurs. The next stage is known as N2. An EEG would show sleep spindles at this point. As time goes on the brain will begin to produce delta waves. These waves are long and slow. They occur in the deepest stages of sleep known as N3. This stage is also responsible for growth hormones being released in the pituitary gland. After N3 the body will begin to wake up on its own. The body will return to it's REM stage where body temperature increases and eyes have movement.

There are five phases of sleep in a sleep cycle; phase 1 – light sleep with slow movement of eye which forms 4-5% of total sleep, phase 2 – eye movement stops and brain waves becomes slower which forms 45-55%of total sleep, phase 3 – extremely slow brain waves which comprises 4-6% of total sleep, phase 4 -deep sleep phase with no eye movement or muscle activity which forms 12-15% of total sleep, and phase 5- it is also called REM sleep where breathing becomes more rapid, irregular and shallow, and it forms 20-25% of total sleep time (Nichols, 2017).

There are distinctive stages of sleep REM sleep and non-REM sleep and about every ninety minutes we cycle through four recognizable sleep stages (Myers D 2014). Non-REM sleep consists for 3 different stages and during each stage it contains its own purpose. Stage one occurs for about 10 minutes and is when a person is lightly sleeping and can be woken up very easily (Mastin 2013). Muscles are still active and movement occurs more frequently such as twitches and the eyes roll around at a slow pace and breathing and heart rates slow down (Mastin 2013). Stage two happens between 45-50 percent of the night at different intervals (Mastin 2013). Muscle activity decreases and it is harder to wake up during this stage; if sounds are heard they are no longer able to make sense of them (Mastin 2013). The last stage: stage three which is also called delta

8 REM is the rapid eye movement stage of sleep (Dauvilliers et al.). 9 REM is the last stage of sleep. During REM your eyes try following the dreams actions (Dauvilliers et al.). Neurotransmitters are released during REM (Dauvilliers et

Fifth Stage REM Rapid-Eye-Movement Sleep, while in REM breathing rates, brain activity increases and decreases, and brain waves are faster and smaller. Paradoxical sleep or active sleep refer to REM the reason for this is because brain, body become heightened and muscle movements are restrained but can twitch this is so dreams are not acted out. REM can last for up to fifteen min. From stage one NREM to REM sleep has taken about ninety min. For the rest of the night’s sleep cycle, it bounces between NREM and REM.

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) serves as the biological clock for the human body. It controls the melatonin production of the body, depending of the amount of light that fall into the eye causing the sleep-wake cycle. The human body goes through 5 ultradian sleep cycles, each approximately 90 minutes long. Each cycle consist of a number of stages going up to four; that then again reverse up to the second stage. Instead of going back to stage one, the body then enters a stage of active sleep with increased blood pressure, oxygen consumption and neural firing, as well as eye movement that resembles that of a waking person, called rapid eye movement sleep (REM). The less active stages are called non rapid eye movement (NREM) or slow-wave sleep.

In the final stage of sleep called R or REM sleep but also known as Rapid Eye Movement sleep, you will have to progress back through stage N2 to get to REM. In this stage the body temperature rises to a near waking level, eyes begin to move rapidly, and the heart rate becomes faster. More than half of dreams occur in REM sleep. Dreams in this stage will seem more vivid and life like. You can also experience sleep paralysis. This stage occurs every 90

The stages of non-REM sleep, stages 1–3, are defined by EEG activity. Slow-wave sleep in stage 3 is the deepest stage of sleep. Alertness consists of desynchronized beta activity (13–30 Hz); relaxation and drowsiness consist of alpha activity (8–12 Hz); stage 1 sleep consists of alternating periods of alpha activity, irregular fast activity, and theta activity (3.5–7.5 Hz); the EEG of stage 2 sleep lacks alpha activity but contains sleep spindles (short periods of 12–14 Hz activity) and occasional K complexes; stage 3 sleep primarily consists of delta activity. About 90 minutes after the beginning of sleep, people enter REM sleep. Thereafter, cycles of REM and non-REM sleep occur in periods of approximately 90 minutes. Muscle tone decreases throughout the stages, resulting in deepest relaxation and paralysis in REM sleep (Carlson & Birkett, p. 268).

It lasts about 5-10 minutes and one can be very easily awakened from this stage. People have reported dreamlike sensations while in this stage. REM sleep also considered “Rapid Eye Movement” occurs after stage 4 of sleep and is when your brain waves pick up more speed and strength.The stage “REM sleep” gets its name because while during REM sleep your eyes are moving rapidly under your eyelids. In this stage the muscles of the body are relaxed, but the other body systems are active and one’s breathing rate and heart rate increase. The first time in REM sleep lasts about 10 minutes, but as the night goes on the amount of time spent in REM sleep increases and the last stage may reach up to an hour long. REM sleep is when people experience their most vivid dreams. Once out of REM sleep one would start the sleep cycle over again, one typically goes through the cycle 4-6 times and night. These two terms aren't comparable, but they have quite a few differences. For example it is very easy to wake someone up from stage 1 of sleep but when someone is in REM sleep it may be very difficult to wake them up. Another difference is while people might be reporting “dreamlike” sensations during stage 1 of sleep, the vivid dreams that one has during REM sleep are the dreams that you will remember in the morning. While in REM sleep you get what is called restorative sleep, without it one may be extremely tired the next day and they could be irritable and not in a very good mood. On the other hand stage 1 provides you light sleep and starts you on the path to getting restorative

This stage is believed to help people enter deeper stages of sleep (4). Stage 3 sleep consists of 20-50 percent delta activity and stage 4 sleep of more than 50 percents delta activity (4). Stages 3 and 4 are characterized as being slow wave sleep in addition to being the deepest levels of sleep. Approximately 90 minutes after being asleep, people enter rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep (4). REM sleep consists of rapid eye movements, a desynchronized EEG, sensitivity to external stimulation, muscle paralysis and dreaming (4).

 There are five stages of sleep, REM and NREM stages 1, 2, 3, & 4.