It is important for graduate nurses to be familiar with chest pain management and therapeutic interventions as chest pain can evolve rapidly and require quick responses from nurses and collaborative teams. This essay will critically analyse the nursing care of a patient presenting to the emergency department with the primary compliant of chest pain. In this particular case, the patient’s chest pain is being caused an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) possibly an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (Kervinen, 2013).
Following initial investigations, the priority was to manage pain and lower blood pressure. Severe pain can impact vital signs, therefore vital signs can begin to stabilise with the reduction of pain (ref). Hypertension also needs to be addressed as a priority. Unmanaged hypertension leads to further damage to the myocardium and narrowing of arteries, which increases the risk of adverse complications (refe). The pharmacological interventions carried out in emergency for pain including Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) and Morphine and stabilising blood pressure with Ramipril are supported by systematic reviews and clinical guidelines including the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines (NICE). In addition, non-pharmacological interventions to address hypertension included bed rest, provision of comfort and dimming of lights are also supported.
Nursing Interventions (critically analyse + may identify others)
Chest pain (clinical guidelines + systematic
However, other resources, such as mobile doctors may be available to prevent the patient from requiring hospital admission (17). Furthermore, certain approaches to pain relief, such as warm running water and cold packs, are not always readily available to paramedics. Thus implementing these procedures as a necessary part of paramedic practice would not prove practical. However, paramedics should be aware of the different approaches to relieving pain for these patients and be further aware that if the resources are available, they should be utilised in order to provide as much relief as possible to the suffering
pain is the usual cause for persons to look for treatment. Inadequate pain management can cause delay in healing process. It can also leads to prolonged hospital stay. The acute pain management theory describe how nurse can manage pain with minimal effects from the pharmacological interventions and use of alternative methods of pain management (Good &Moore, 1996) The main factors are in the management of pain are Pharmacological, non-pharmacological, patient participation, education and different interventions. Effective pain management involves the application of non-pharmacological interventions and usage of pain medications. (McEwen & Willis, 2014). The pain management theory deals with management of pain in daily basis. It offers the knowledge about alternate methods in pain
I returned to the recovery ward, my patient was still hypertensive and tachycardic and I felt by assessing her non-verbal signals of communication that she was still in great discomfort. After 15 minutes of no improvement I returned to theatre to see the anaesthetist, I explained that I was not happy with the patient’s level of pain and requested that he come to the recovery ward to assess the patient. He reluctantly came to the recovery ward and after spending a few minutes assessing the patient agreed that she was in an unacceptable level of pain and prescribed a further 5mg of morphine which I duly gave to the patient in 2.5mg increments. After this the patients heart rate and blood pressure decreased to pre operative levels, she seemed to be more relaxed and eventually fell asleep. After a further period of time spent continually reassessing the patient and when I was satisfied she was comfortable and haemodynamically stable I discharged the patient back to the ward.
Mrs. Smith signs in the emergency room with chest pain. Several nurses rush to get her vitals, blood samples to send to the lab, and obtain an EKG. While performing an assessment on Mrs. Smith, the nurse inquires about the amount of time she has been feeling this way. Mrs. Smith replies " My sister passed away 2 weeks ago and I have been having this chest pain ever since". After the physician reviews over all of Mrs. Smith 's lab and radiology test results, he informs her that she is not having chest pain from a heart attack, it is simply the result of untreated anxiety.
Narcotic analgesics, especially morphine are underused for pain control with in the medical field. This underuse is because medical professionals, including doctors, fear patient addiction, side effects and possible lose of their licenses. These fears deny adequate healing and a better quality of life to those who would benefit from a more effective use of these drugs, as done in hospice care.
The practice of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) has been around for approximately four decades now. During this time there have been improvements to the technology and the understanding of how to use this form of patient pain control; however, there continues to be concern related to the safety and efficacy of PCA. As this analysis proceeds it will briefly explain what PCA is and how it is used, then delve into the benefits and the safety issues surrounding PCA use as it pertains to the patient and the nurse. Some of the benefits of PCA include improved pain management, improved use of nursing resources, increased patient satisfaction, and reduced pulmonary issues (Hicks, Sikirica, Nelson, Schein & Cousins, 2008). Some of the safety
Trauma patients often present paramedics with difficult situations to handle. These patients most likely have multiple injuries that the paramedic must treat including internal and external injuries. The main concern in treating trauma patients is controlling the pain that the patient may be experiencing while not compromising the patients hemodynamic and respiratory state. The most common drugs used in pain management in the pre-hospital setting often cause undesirable side effects, such as respiratory depression, hypotension, apnea, and bradycardia. All of these side effects combined with a trauma patient who is already compromised can lead to a much bigger issue. What if there was a drug that could treat the pain, calm the patient, and not cause the nasty side effects of traditional pain management? Ketamine provides us the answer to this question.
Pain is one of the most common reasons people consult a physician, yet it is frequently inappropriately treated [St Stauver JL, 2013]. To deal with this dilemma, nurse practitioners can play an important role on the pain care team, particularly as primary care clinicians spend less time with patients and are increasingly reluctant to provide care for pain patients. As frontline providers, they can take the time to perform a thorough patient assessment and physical examination and follow through with pain treatment, while also playing an essential role in patient education and assessing and monitoring the patient’s opioid risk. Their primary goal is to develop a therapeutic relationship with patients, providing the time and space for patients to tell their pain story [Hughes, 2013], which they then can communicate to the rest of the team and which forms the basis for all subsequent decisions about treatment.
This paper will examine the the nurses and pain assessment in the hospitalized patient. The paper will focus on pain and pain management and the need to assess pain. How much percentage of the population in the U.S. are experienced pain, and how much of the population abuse the pain medications. There are many barriers which hinder nurses from perform accurate pain assessment. These barriers are nurses experience, competence, perception and manipulation. Pain is subjective, but pain assessment tools and nurses’ perception may contraindicate with what the patients stated. Thus, the paper will try to find solution to accurate pain assessment during hospitalization, especially with abuse of opioid.
Call for help immediatly, than ask the patient question like , where is the pain coming from and how much pain is the patient is in.Observe the patient and hear the patient for his breathing.The patient can be having a heart attack or angina.If its angina they can take aspirin until help comes. Lay the patient down and make sure the patient is as comberable as possiable. Then keep checking the patients vitals signs til helps arrive. If patient becomes unconscious you will have to do CPR until help arrives ( Heller,2013).
The morphine IV PCA and fentanyl ITS administer equally effective and equally safe medications that are used to treat acute postoperative pain (Lindley et al., 2009). These medications belong to the opioid agonist classification and provide relief from moderate to severe pain for clients hospitalized following surgical procedures. The patient can safely provide self-administration of a programmed dose to relieve pain by the push of a button (“IONSYS,” 2006; Lindley et al., 2009). Although highly effective at relieving pain, both medications must be monitored closely to safely prevent the common adverse
Provision of pain relief is a shared responsibility of the interdisciplinary health care team. For example it may initially form part of the oncologist’s remit to determine the most effective pain management plan for the patient. After treatment has been initiated, oncology nurses may then adopt responsibility for ensuring that pain relief is adequate via regular assessment and action (NICE, 2004, p.80).
The aim of this essay is to explore evidence based nursing intervention in the care and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in an acutely ill patient. The acutely ill patient involved in this essay was admitted to hospital due to cerebrovascular accident and had a past medical history of myocardial Infarction, left Ventricular failure, peripheral vascular disease and duodenal ulcer as well as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This essay will provide a rationale for the chosen aspect of care (COPD) and reason will be given why it is a priority. In particular the essay will examine the significance of the underlying pathophysiology of the disease relating to the acutely ill patient other
This is a very complex patient because there are many problems to management in this patient. Care management of this patient can be divided in two goals: a short term a long term goal. The first goal which the short term is to manage the high blood pressure and to alleviate the pain. Addressing the issue of the blood pressure can prevent certain high blood pressure complications such as cerebral vascular accident (CVA), renal failure, and in certain cases heart failure. the reason that it is important to address the patient is to make the patient to feel comfortable. When a person is in pain, the pain may adversely affect the body’s endocrine, cardiovascular, immune, neurologic and musculoskeletal systems and require aggressive treatment of
In 2003, the American Nurses’ Association published a position statement regarding “Pain Management and Control of Distressing Symptoms in Dying Patients.” The organization states: