Old Fort Erie Case Study

Evidence of almost 100 of the stones has revealed without the need to excavate the site, due to remote sensing, ground-penetrating radar and geographical imaging technologies. These advancements in science and technology allow researchers to discover the historical monuments full extent. Fragments of bones, stones and the foundation pits in which they were situated have all been uncovered during excavations and technological mapping indicating the true size and importance the site was to the Neolithic

In The Artificial River, Carol Sheriff describes how when the digging of the Erie Canal began on July 4, 1817, no one would have been able to predict that the canal would even be considered a paradox of progress. One of the major contradictions of progress was whether or not triumphing art over nature was even considered progress. People were not sure during the nineteenth century if changing the environment for industrialization was necessarily a good thing. Another contradiction to progress that resulted from the Erie Canal was when people started holding the state government responsible for all their financial misfortunes. An additional contradiction to progress that the Erie Canal displayed was how many of its workers were either

The Erie Canal was set in the state of New York which would be built to connect Albany and Buffalo. The concept of the Erie Canal began fifty years before actually starting construction in 1817. However, completion of the Erie Canal did not end until 1825 which resulted in a water route 364-miles long that connected the Hudson River in Albany and the Great lakes in Buffalo. Industrialization was sped up by the Erie Canal decades after it was completed because it improved transportation, trade, commerce and settlement in the United States.

When considering excavation methods, the location of the site has to be taken into account, as many archaeological methodologies can cause long-term damage to the site. So considering conservation strategies and methods is crucial. This directly applies to New Kinord, as the

Once war was declared, the United States set its sights on the nearest British colony, Canada, with hefty optimism of victory. The Canadians were well prepared and the Americans were not, and the American defeat was humiliating. The American attackers were forced to retrograde back south and eventually were overtaken by the Canadians at Detroit without a single shot being fired. In the Battle of Thames, Detroit was successfully retaken and Tecumseh was killed. At first the Americans were winning the battles against Britain at sea, but in April 1814, Napoleon was defeated and Great Britain was able to turn her full attention on the United States. On the 24th of August 1814, British forces were able to raid the Chesapeake Bay and capture Washington, D.C. British troops then moved to take Baltimore and failed. The British Navy bombarded Baltimore with canon fire for over 24 hours but it was to no prevail. By this time Britain had already begun talks of an armistice with the United States at Ghent. The Treaty of Ghent was signed on the 24th of December 1814, and included no territorial border changes and no Indian

Many battles during the War of 1812 had led to the success of America’s second war of independence. British impressment was a major cause of starting the War of 1812. British naval ships were capturing American troops on ships and forcing them to join British forces unwillingly. This did not go lightly with American forces. America soon took on Britain’s powerful navy and army during a period of two and a half years of battle, leading up to the Battle of New Orleans. Staring off, the first successful American battle during 1814 was the Battle of Chippewa. This battle occurred on the borders of Canada, with plans of American forces to seize British forts, located in areas all over Canada. Surprisingly, the American forces outnumbered the British in this attack, ratio being an army of around 4,000 versus the British 2,500 men. The two forces collided at Chippewa, a Canadian plain on July 5th, 1814. Being the first battle of face-to-face combat during the War of 1812, American forces walked away with the victory. This showed a preview of the tenacious, under rated army of the United States that would be

As Sir Washington was heading back from delivering the message, he saw a point of land at an intersection of Allegheny and the Monongahela form the Ohio, where he thought would be a brilliant idea to build a fort. Dinwiddie agreed to his suggestion therefore building Fort Prince George, but ended with the French coming and taking over changing the name to Fort Duquesne. Washington ended up moving to the Great Meadows where he and his troops decided in building a fort that would be called, Fort Necessity. Three days within encampment, Washington and 40 men went looking for a group of French that were seen about seven miles away from Chestnut Ridge. When finding the French they were made prisoners, killed the commander Joseph Coulon de Villiers, and several others were killed as well, especially since it was a surprise attack they surrendered. George Washington won that encounter but the French weren’t about to give up yet. Not to long after, French troops were sent out from Fort Duquesne and defeated the British which left the French in charge of the west Allegheny Mountains. In 1755, General Edward Braddock came from Britain to America as commander in chief I order to help Britain gain Fort Duquesne back. Again the British had failed, loosing men as well as General Braddock who passed away four days after the

James Madison is trying to ask congress to declare war on the United Kingdom. Before June 16, 1812 the British ships raised a blockade against the US. The causes of on June 1, 1812 is that Great Britain was locked in a long and bitter conflict with Napoleon Bonaparte’s France. They attempted to cut off all trade from reaching the enemy. Both sides attempted to block all of the United States from trading.

British forces under British Commander-in-chief Sir Jeffrey Amherst swept through the Great Lakes region, seizing control of most of the French forts by 1760. Amherst was well known to be arrogant and contemptuous of the Indians. He insisted that the good behavior of the natives should be bought with fear.

The Battle of Long Island was fought between British and American troops during the American Revolution. The battle began on August 27, 1776 and ended on August 29th 1776. the British army was led by General William Howe with an army of nearly 20,000 soldiers. The Americans, with 10,000 soldiers, were led by General George Washington. After successfully capturing boston on march 1776 from the british, george washington had decided to start moving south of new york. As predicted by washington, the next target for the british would be New York City. Washington had tried his best to plan a way to defend the city, however it was difficult since he did not have a strong naval force. The british had an advantage this way. Washington’s battle plan

On May 25th, American forces began an intense bombardment on Fort George using the guns at Fort Niagara. In the morning of May 27, Colonel Winfield Scott led the first wave of American troops towards the beach and began pushing inland. John Vincent's troops counterattacked by forcing Winfield’s troops to fall back. Although, not for long as Scott’s troops defeated the

First explored in 1938, the Head-Smashed-In Buffalo-Jump site in south-west Alberta, Canada is an archaeological goldmine. Named after a child who was watching the event unfold that was hit with a falling buffalo, HSIBJ site tells a gruesome story. As one of the oldest and most preserved kill sites in the world, HSIBJ is scientifically and anthropologically significant. For six thousand years, this site was used by “Plains People” as a hunting ground, herding multiple buffalo off of a cliff to their deaths, as a means of survival. The magnitude of the HSIBJ site helps shed light on the hunting patterns of other groups that are still in the area today.

With the discovery of gold in the Powder River in the Sumpter Valley, prospectors from all around began their journey into the valley to see if they could make a profit. In 1935, the construction of the Sumpter Valley Dredge was underway, and one of the last gold dredges manufactured to work the river until it’s decommissioning nearly twenty years later. Sticking out from the dredge’s structure is 72 enormous one-ton buckets carrying loose rock back into the interior of the dredge. The Sumpter Valley Dredge is an excellent example of a preserved object for its historical significance. An object can consist of any physical structure with moving components that is functional, has artistic qualities, relates to the heritage of the nation, scientific advancements, or took part in a historical event. Once completed, only then can objects be eligible for preservation.

In El Salvador 1976, an accident occurred that changed archaeology as we know it. At the time the construction company that partially bulldozed through this discovery had no idea they unearthed one of the best preserved sites around today: the Ceren site. The Ceren site was found so well preserved in volcanic ash that initially, the construction company did not believe the site was over 100 years old. However they still chose to stop digging and called the National Museum to find an archaeologist that can properly determine the age of the site After a quick glance, the official also determined this site was less than 100 years old.