Organic Molecules Lab

Their chemical analysis also consists of 46.66% Carbon, 4.48% Hydrogen, 31.1% Nitrogen, and 17.76% Oxygen, which leads to an empirical formula of C7H8N4O2. C8H8O3 is a chemical compound that weighs a total of 152.15g, and C7H8N4O2 is a chemical compound that weighs a total of 180.16g. The two chemical compounds are both congruent to the molar mass of the molecular formulas. Since Vanilla and Theobromine both have the same Empirical Formula and Molecular Formula of the Chemical Compound that is found in Victim #2’s body, it can be confirmed that Victim #2 uses both Vanilla and Theobromine. Now looking further into the passengers in the plane, it can be seen that Beyonce and Cake Boss are both related to Vanilla and Theobromine due to the fact that they are the only passengers who are associated with cake.

It’s important that all evidence is identified so that forensic scientist can examine it and take

2. Four unknown samples were included in the lab kit: flax seed meal, potato starch, egg whites, and dried milk. Using the results of the biochemical testing, determine which number corresponds to the correct unknown. (8 points)

Biomolecules are organic molecules because they contain carbon and hydrogen, as organic molecules always contain carbon and hydrogen. Biomolecules are important because they make up our bodies entirely and are the reason our bodies continue to function. Proteins have many functions. They make up hair and nails, and collagen, which lend support to ligaments, tendons, and skin. Enzymes, another type of protein, speed chemical reactions

I think you sill need solid evidence. However DNA has proved to be fairly reliable while solving crimes. Overall, I think DNA should be used as the final convincing tool to solve crimes. NOT the only convincing tool to solve crimes.

The results in this lab showed that suspect 2 was a match for the DNA found at the crime scene. This was determined by DNA fingerprinting. In this lab, the samples of DNA from two suspects and the DNA from the crime scene were cut with two different restriction enzymes and then the DNA was run through gel electrophoresis. The different restriction enzymes cut the DNA in different places, so when the DNA was run through the gel, the gel showed two fragments for each sample based on their size. The fragments shown are known as bands of DNA. These bands of DNA for each suspect were analyzed and compared with the bands of the DNA from the crime scene. The bands of DNA were compared based on the distance they traveled through the gel from the wells.

The lab analysts must take extensive precautions in preventing any type of contamination because samples are limited and repeating tests is costly. At this time, the medical examiner and crime scene team are put under high pressure and must be diligent and focused when in the laboratory (Dale and Becker 139) (Roberts 48). Since errors happen because of humans and not the machines (Bertino 143). To prevent lab error, detailed guidelines for Quality Control and Quality Assurance are updated regularly (National Research Council 37). In many cases, there is an abundance of evidence that is collected and requires examination. To process all the evidence in a timely manner the forensic scientists are specialized and only process one piece in the

The world of forensic science is full of ever developing technology. Analyzing forensic evidence involves using fingerprints, hair samples, blood, footprints, bite marks, and other sources of material to help identify someone. Each small piece of evidence found at a crime scene can be crucial — leaving the slightest trace of saliva or skin cells can be what convicts a person. Few people know the importance of forensic science more than Steven Avery.

Ultimately, ensuring their credibility in the eyes of the court, they must be prepared to discuss their qualifications (Dale and Becker 167). It is necessary for the forensic scientist to present the information in a way that both the judge and the people of the courtroom will understand in order for the verdict of the presented information can be used to convict or release the accused suspect. It is evident in the science community that an increasing number of labs follow the process of validation in order to meet quality standards on an informal, national, and international level. In fact, standardized validation of evidence minimizes re-invention of methods in laboratories across the world. Methods that have been validated are more readily accepted and can be compared internationally between different laboratories (Hlinka, Muharam and Lentile 152). **When more evidence is discovered and used in cases. By minimizing new methods and

2. a) An organic compound is any compound that contains carbon, generally, are large chains of carbon that are covalently bonded. They can be gaseous, liquid or a solid (Seager; Slabaug, 2004).

To begin the lab, marker DNA, crime scene DNA, and suspect DNA was collected for analysis. The goal for the experiment was to distinguish the perpetrator of the crime through the observation of the DNA in each suspect. In order to do this, each collection of the certain DNA was initially stained in order for it to be visible and separated into smaller fragments with restriction enzymes. Gel electrophoresis was used to separate the DNA molecules based on size. To do this, a micropipette and agarose gel were utilized. The micropipette collected 10 microliters of each DNA at a time and was meticulously placed inside a well of the porous gel. After one specific DNA was used, it was ensured that the DNA from that collection did not contaminate the other through the use of the micropipette. Once the marker DNA, crime

Bodily fluids are vital pieces of evidence in both criminal investigations and forensic analyses. Fluids, including blood, semen, saliva, urine, feces, and vaginal secretions, can provide critical information related to a crime and assist in reconstruction. However, in order for this type of evidence to relay the proper information, forensic scientists need reliable methods to help identify and process the evidence collected. Over years of research, those in the forensics field have developed a number of methods for the identification of these bodily fluids. These traditional methods are widely accepted by the forensic science community as standard for use in laboratories. However, novel methods for the identification of bodily fluids are constantly being developed in order

It is well established that people became ill shortly after the picnic. The root cause of the problem is unknown, and there are a lot of variables. By systematically using the scientific method this will enable Earl to find an objective, and reliable conclusion to his dilemma. Making a hypothesis without conducting background research would be futile. I would suggest him looking at his data more closely. Observation is a critical process and maybe he should become more observant. He has begun to ask questions, but only by asking the correct questions to the appropriate sources will he be able to find the route cause. Earl also has state it was at the school picnic, it would be nice to know if it was preschool, since younger children are more susceptible to food poisoning. Earl continues to observe by naming the different foods that were consumed and that everybody ate something. He states that within 24 hour that several people displayed symptoms of food poisoning. There were 30 people who became ill. Later, his hypotheses are either the potato salad or that the under cook hamburger has contributed to food poison at the picnic. At this time he has not run any experiments to ensure what made the people sick and even if he did I can 't imagine him able to conducting the appropriate test. He will have to collect credible and reliable information in the next process. Doing research will enable him to analyze what food source caused the food poisoning. Lastly. Earl will have to

The collecting of (STR’s) DNA are specific before investigators become infatuated with the wonders of DNA, they should first realize that the crime scene must be treated appropriately. (Saferstein, 2015) When the collection of evidence begins, biological evidence should be photographed close up and its location relative to the entire crime scene recorded through notes, sketches, and photographs. (Safterstein, 2015) If there are any shapes and positions of bloodstains which may provide information about the circumstances of the crime, an expert must immediately conduct an on-the-spot evaluation of the blood evidence. (Safterstein, 2015) “No attempt should be made to disturb the blood pattern before

The scientific and technical literature of forensic science and criminalistics focuses on those laboratory methods used to examine and interpret physical evidence collected from the scenes of crimes. After all, it is the information that can be derived from the physical evidence that drives the physical evidence collection and examination process. Scientific laboratory techniques hold the potential of developing information from the physical clues left at the crime scene that can assist in determining what transpired at the scene and who was (and was not) involved.