Osmotic Potential, Chlorophyll ) Potengths

NaCl has been shown to have a negative effect on plant growth (Lee and Van Iersal 2016) and germination (Houle et al. 2001). The severity of these effects depends on the individual species’ ability to grow in saline soil (Atkins et al. 2009). WFPs are part of a group of plants called glycophytes, meaning that they have a limited ability to tolerate NaCl (Atkins et al. 2009). A study specific to WFP germination found a decrease in germination in WFPs

2. What do you think would happen if you watered your houseplants with salt water?

Soil, which is the layer of earth on the top where plants and vegetation grow, contains a pH balance, everything does. The pH, acidity, or alkalinity balance of each type of soil that is being observed can affect the plants, because it determines how many nutrients are being deposited to them. It

If saltwater is applied to a plant, the plant would shrivel up and die. This is a result of the water moving out of the cells in order to try to balance the concentration of solute compared to inside the cell. The water movement out of the cell would cause the cell to shrink and the lack of water would eventually cause the plant to die.

The objective of this experiment is to develop an understanding of the molecular basis of diffusion and osmosis and its physiological importance. Students will analyze how solute size and concentration affect diffusion across semi-permeable membranes and how these processes affect water potential. Students will also calculate water potential of plant cells.

Photosynthesis is a vital process that requires to utilize energy for plants. This experiment was done to evaluate the effects of carbon availability on photosynthetic activity. The aquatic plant Elodea densa was placed into sodium bicarbonate solutions of five concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 1.0%, in five independent trials (excluding the negative control treatment of water). The temperature and light intensity was constant. The results indicated a directly proportional relationship between the availability of carbon dioxide and the rate of photosynthesis of Elodea Densa, as photosynthesis continued to increase with increasing amounts of bicarbonate. The most O2 amount of oxygen produced was with the 0.7% NaHCO3 concentration and least with the control of water. The null hypothesis that stated carbon concentration does not affect rate of photosynthesis of the aquatic plant was rejected. The predicted hypothesis that an increase in bicarbonate concentrations results in an increase in the photosynthetic rate was accepted. In conclusion, there is a significant increase in photosynthetic activity as the concentration of NaHCO3 increases.

In Figure 1, the difference of the pH levels and the near-native soil sample and near-invasive soil sample can be seen. The pH level of the soil near the invasive Crystalline Iceplant is higher compared to that of the soil near the native Sage plant displaying a difference of almost 1 pH level (See figure for comparison). The soil near the native Sage plant possesses an almost neutral soil quality (pH is 6.975) while the

When salinity increases, warning signs appear in the landscapes of the affected areas. These warning signs include things like sick and/or dying trees, declining vegetation, colonisation of tolerant weed-like plants, bare patches where vegetation has died and saline pools in creek beds. These show that the ecosystem is being affected and at a high rate.

Table 1 shows that it took .2 ml of salt to change the Soil Salinity of 300 ml of soil from .3 mmhos/cm to 1 mmhos/cm. From 1 mmhos/cm it took .3 ml of NaCl to increase the Soil Salinity to 2 mmhos/cm.From 2 mmhos/cm it took .3 ml of NaCl to increase the Soil Salinity to 3 mmhos/cm. Graph 1 corresponds to Table 1, displaying the increase in Soil Salinity for amount of NaCl added. This data was collected to know how much salt to add for the main part of experiment. The data in Table 1 and Graph 1 was taken without the consideration of significant figures.

The objective of this lab was to investigate what an osmolarity of sodium would be best for the Elodea plant. Osmolarity is a measurement of solute concentration, defined as the number of osmoles of solute per liter of solution. When a cell is in an isotonic solution there is no net movement of water due to equal amounts of osmoles inside cell and in solution. When a cell is in a hypotonic solution cell will immediately start to swell because there are too few osmotically active solutes in the outside solution (water moves into cell). When a cell is in a hypertonic solution the cell will immediately crenate (shrink), because there are too many osmotically active solutes in the outside solution. (water leaves cell). It is important for a cell’s survival to regulate osmosis in order to maintain an optimal internal environment. My hypothesis was that the isotonic solution would be near .05M or lower. I based my hypothesis on my observation of the controls with the Elodea plant.

Data: Effect of Solute Concentration on Osmosis in Potato Cells (for the 6 groups of our class)

To study the effects of hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic solutions on plant and animal cells.

The purpose of this lab is to test the effect of osmosis on cucumber slices. If a cucumber slice is placed in a hypertonic solution, then the mass of the cucumber slice will decrease. Whereas, if

salinization of soils and waters as one of the leading processes contributing to a possible

The plants that grow in saline soils have diverse ionic compositions and a range in concentrations of dissolved salts (Volkmar et al., 1998). These concentrations fluctuate because of changes in water source, drainage, evapo-transpiration, and solute availability (Volkmar et al., 1998). Due to these varying conditions, plant growth depends on a supply of inorganic nutrients, and this level of nutrients varies in time and space (Maathius and Amtmann, 1999). Either extreme condition concerning nutrients results in deficiency or toxicity in plants, and this is demonstrated by salt tolerance (Maathius and Amtmann, 1999). These conditions vary according to the plant species and growth conditions. Little is known about the genetic basis for diversity of salt tolerance in plants, and this could be partly explained through the definitions given for salinity.