Mental and substance use disorders account for about 7·4% of the global burden of disease (Whiteford et al., 2013). These mental disorders include various mood disorders such as major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders like post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and substance use disorders such as alcohol abuse. A study analysing the results of the World Health Organization (WHO) World Mental Health (WMH) surveys found that post-traumatic stress disorder had one of the strongest associations with the lost human capital caused by individuals days out of role per year (Alonso et al., 2011). Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as its name implies, may develop after being involved in, or witnessing traumatic events (Mind, 2017). These …show more content…
The International Classification of Diseases (ICD), first initiated in Paris, is the official world classification used by health practitioners across the world to record the diagnoses of all patients seen in psychiatric care where official statistics are collected (Tyrer, 2014). The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA), is the official classification in the USA used mainly by psychiatrists for clinical diagnosis (Tyrer, 2014). The main differences between these classification systems include: the ICD focusing on primary care and low- and middle-income countries, while the DCM focuses on secondary psychiatric care in high-income countries; the ICD reducing the number of diagnoses with the focus being on clinical utility, while the DSM increases the number of diagnoses with each revision; and the ICD does not depend on operational criteria but instead provides diagnostic descriptions and guidance, while the DSM uses a polythetic system for most conditions which depends on operational criteria (Tyrer, 2014). These differences result in the latest revisions of these classification systems, the proposed ICD-11 and the DSM-5, diagnosing mental disorders like PTSD differently, with the ICD-11 criteria identifying less individuals than the DSM-5 (Hafstad et al., 2017). Worldwide this raises a challenge for the identification of
Between February 2001 and April 2003, many were completed by approximately 9,282 Americans, 18 years of age or above, completed a survey that was conducted by The National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). According to The National Comorbidity Survey Replication study, 5,692 Americans were diagnosed with PTSD. However, this research used the DSM-4 criteria. It was estimated that the lifetime prevalence was about 6.8% for Americans in young adulthood. This was a jump from the previous year at 3.5%. The lifetime prevalence for women was higher, at 9.7%, than it was for men at 3.6%. “Kessler, R.C., Berglund, P., Delmer, O., Jin, R., Merikangas, K.R., & Walters, E.E. (2005).”
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is currently the most frequently used way of standardizing and defining psychological disorders. However, the classification systems such as DSM have advantages and disadvantages. The major weakness of DSM is that it judges symptoms superficially and ignores other possible important factors. The major strength of DSM is that it enables categorization of psychological disorders.
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) has a number of features. First of all, every disorder is identified using a name and a numerical code. In addition, the manual provides the criteria for diagnosing each disorder as well as establishes subtypes of a disorder and examples that would illustrate the disorder. The manual goes further by addressing the typical age of onset, culturally related information, gender-related information, prevalence of a disorder, typical clinical course of a disorder, typical predisposing factors of a disorder and genetic family patterns of a disease (Summers, 2009). The DSM-IV is a tool that is used by mental health practitioners and social service workers. As has been demonstrated
The ICD is produced by a global health agency with a constitutional public health mission, while the DSM is produced by a single national professional association DSM-IV Codes are the classification found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision, also known as DSM-IV-TR, a manual published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) that includes all currently recognized mental health
Christianity assumes that our human nature is fundamentally and thoroughly flawed by sin, to the point where a divine miracle of grace is needed to allow us to trust Christ as Savior. Most people in Western cultures, however, do not consider themselves to be sinners and therefore feel no need for a Savior. Comment on this in the light of the detailed accounting rules and regulations intended to prevent investors from being defrauded, and the multi-billion dollar worldwide auditing profession that is intended to add credibility to financial statements.
The DSM is used as a standard of reference for psychological diagnosis. The DSM was originally published in 1952 containing only 106 diagnoses; today the revised DSM-IV-TR contains 365 diagnoses. Throughout the history of the DSM, individuals in the mental health profession have relied on it for clarification of disorders, facilitating research, improving communication with other professionals and improving the collection of clinical information. With a new DSM-V underway, there has been a lot of issues surrounding the contents and classifications of the new DSM. There are
Behlke, M., & Lestock, J. J. (2017, July 31). McConnell on Health Care: “It’s Time to Move On”. Retrieved from http://www.ncsl.org/ncsl-in-dc/publications-and-resources/capitol-to-capitol-july-31-2017.aspx#McConnell%20on%20Health%20Care
This paper goes over the effects the media had on the O.J. Simpson case and how the media interfered. The O.J. Simpson murder case is touted as the most televised criminal trial in history and from the second the murders were discovered there was a media frenzy. On the night of June 12, 1994 the bodies of Nicole Brown and her waiter Ronald Goldman were found outside of Nicole’s condo both stabbed to death. The suspect, former athlete, icon, and actor Orenthal James (O.J.) Simpson was the main suspect of the crime. On June 16th, 1994 the LAPD pressed murder charges against him and placed a warrant for his arrest
The Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) is an institute dedicated to the quality and safety for patients by helping nurses gain the knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs) to provide patient care (QSEN Institute, 2017). Specimen labeling errors fall under the QSEN competency of safety. The purpose of this paper is to present the current problem with specimen processing and compose a second solution to this problem. The organizations that support my project, the National Safety Patient Foundation (NPSF) and the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI), will be discussed as well. Finally, an overall evaluation of the clinical practice project and preceptor experience will be presented.
The nurses receive brief report from the paramedics and sign the report. Because the patients normally have multiple signs and symptoms, the ER nurses need to perform a focused assessment and head to toe assessment. They find out the causes of the chief complains and conduct several tests. The nurses ask pertinent questions in regard to additional signs and symptoms. In trauma, they perform immediate treatment and to prevent respiratory distress by following ABC’s rule.
The purpose of this study is to test an intervention of dose adjustment on medication adherence and side effects of non-adherence in kidney transplant patients, specifically, to compare switching from a twice-daily dose of tacrolimus to a once-daily dose of tacrolimus, to improve medication adherence and prevent or reduce transplant rejection and graft loss in kidney transplant recipients. Clinicians play a vital role in helping patients make treatment decisions that are most beneficial for their health and values, making adjustments of medication dosages and educating patients on benefits, side effects, and adverse outcomes of these choices.
Education is one of the most important aspects of a nurse’s role with patients. This is especially true of the community health nurse. The area of primary prevention and health promotion is gaining special popularity as educational material for nurses as healthcare is shifting towards heavily focusing on prevention of diseases and preservation of health. This teaching experience featured information about vaccines that would be pertinent to teach to parents of all ages and nationalities utilizing a childcare center in Tempe, AZ.
Since 2015, the American Association Colleges of Nursing (AACN) has promoted doctorate level graduate training for advance practice nurses. [1] The AACN’s Position Statement on the Practice Doctorate in Nursing calls for advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) to pursue training that enables them to assume organizational roles encompassing increased clinical responsibilities. As the nation’s complex health care environment evolves, APRNs are practicing to the full extent of their capabilities.