Chapter five provides a basic explanation of the developmental prospective. This includes the different stages of developmental theories. Piaget generated the cognitive-developmental theory. Piaget’s theories included Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete operational, and Formal operational. Ford and Lernal presented the Developmental systems theory. Freud theorized five psychosexual stages, these stages included oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital. Bronfrenbrenner presented the Ecological model. Erickson expanded his theories on the stages of Psychosocial development. Erickson’s has a model that consist of eight stages and is broken down by age. Erickson’s wife later added a ninth stage to his model. Stage one dealt with oral-sensory, the age group on this stage was birth to one year old. His second stage was muscular-anal stage, the age impacted in this stage was two-three-year old’s. The third is locomotor-genital stage, the age group is between four and five. Industry …show more content…
This stage describes that it affects individuals in the age span of nineteen-forty years old. In my personal experience, I developed a close relationship at age fifteen. Therefore, I believe this stage somewhat relates to stage five because I’ve witness many of the items described on stage six during the age span of thirteen-eighteen and I am currently twenty-three years old. Stage eight Ego Integrity vs. Despair impacts the age span of sixty-five years old until death. I was glad to hear that Erickson’s wife added another stage because I happen to believe individuals do live longer and experience more development factors before death. In my own experience, I believe that what individuals experience during this stage depends on their current maturity. One may not be ready for this stage or one may experience this stage at an earlier
role confusion stages range from ages twelve to nineteen and is the stage in life where we explore who we are, who we want to be, and where we are headed in life. The Intimacy vs. isolation stage ranges from ages twenty to thirty-four, and is when we decide whether we are loved by others, feel rejected by others, and if we want to spend life with someone else or alone (Erikson, 1994).
Piaget’s developmental stages are ways of normal intellectual development. There are four different stages. The stages start at infant age and work all the way up to adulthood. The stages include things like judgment, thought, and knowledge of infants, children, teens, and adults. These four stages were names after Jean Piaget a developmental biologist and psychologist. Piaget recorded intellectual abilities and developments of infants, children, and teens. The four different stages of Piaget’s developmental stages are sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. Sensorimotor is from birth up to twenty- four months of age. Preoperational which is toddlerhood includes from eighteen months old all the
The first stage is called the Sensorimotor stage. It occupies the first two years of a child's life, from birth to 2 years old. It is called the Sensorimotor stage because in it children are occupied with sensing things and moving them. From these activities they learn what makes things happen, what the connections are between actions and their consequences. They learn to grasp and hold and what happens when they let go.
The next stage is autonomy vs. shame and doubt, has to do with a child taking on more independence like choosing what they want to wear or eat. This stage is normally when the person is a toddler. They are starting to
Then for example stage 5 - which is the adolescence stage, is where identity is discovered through
The next stage of life that I passed through can be categorized as the Preschool period and lasts for the ages of 3-6 years old. Throughout these years, I continued to refine my motor skills and was very interactive with my environment because of my further advanced mobility. The physical development of children in this stage is known to taper off but still be quite apparent, which aligns quite similarly to what was described to
In the Oral stage, the infant learns instant gratification through oral pleasure from sucking. If the child gets too much or not enough satisfaction, they may have an Oral Fixation or Oral Personality in their adulthood where they are too dependent on others and tend to be smokers or nail biters. The Anal Stage is where toddlers learn how to use the bathroom and learn how to hold or release their urine and bowel movements. This stage is important because toddlers are learning how to have control over their bodies. Depending on various factors during this stage a child may grow up to become extremely neat or messy, a
Examples of these stages is Sara who is an infant (6 months), Alex who is in his childhood (7), Leyla who is an adolescence (16) Tahir who is in adulthood (24) and Jack who is an older adult/elderly (80)
Another stage is childhood this is the time beetween five years old until twelve years old, growth and develpment are happening very fast in this stage, they start full-time school and begin to make their own friends.
The next stage of development is said to take place between the early and late 20’s. During this phase it is said that one develops a deeper sense of relationship with others around them. This is the stage when young adults develop a deeper concept of being loved (Erikson Handouts, 2017).
The second stage is the anal stage which is from age 1 to 3 years at this stage the child’s obsession and pleasure comes from the anus. The third stage is the phallic stage which is from age 3 to 6 years this was the most controversial stage of Freud's theory in psychosexual development Freud believed at this age a child would begin to identify with the parents of their own gender, boys at this stage will develop and unconscious longing for their mothers he called this the Oedipus complex and girl’s at this stage discovering that they have no penis and struck by penis envy this he called the Electra complex. The fourth stage the latency stage a child goes through from age 6 to 12 years and is a calm period of the child development. The fifth stage is the genital stage where puberty begins and sexual changes occur. Freud believed if the child did not pass through any of these stages successfully then they would become fixated in this stage. (Hough, 2002)
In the first stage a child faces the challenge of gaining trust, and learning that their world is a safe place "family members play a key role in how any infant meets this challenge" ( Macionis, 2011 P. 74). In the second stage, the child learns skills to cope in the world in a confident way, if they fail to gain self-control it leads to the children's to doubt their abilities. In stage three is when the child has to learn to engage with their surroundings. They also must experience the guilt of failing to meet the parents expectations. Stage four, refers to the challenge of preadolescence. In this stage kids make friends and strike out on their own more and more. "They either feel proud of their accomplishments or fear that they do no measure up" (Macionis, 2011 Pp.74). In stage five adolescence, the teen years is when the teenagers struggle to establish their identity. They identify themselves with others, however, they want to be unique. In stage six of the stages of development, young adults face the challenge of forming close relationships with friends and falling in love. In stage seven the challenge is contributing to the lives of
I think Piaget’s stages all work together for the development of children. You can’t have one without the other. In my future work with children and families, I would place the children of the same ages in a group together with a particular problem to solve based on their ages to know exactly how much they already know and what needs to be worked on. I would also inform the parents of the students to allow them to be apart of the children day to day assignment when they are not at school by sending home a daily assignment. I would send directions home for the parents to allow the children to work on their assignments independently first. Once they have done all they know how to do then the parents can then be of assistance to them. If the child
There are plenty of things that I learned about human development. One of those things is that each child develops differently than one another. I learned that although a child is in the concrete stage of Piaget’s stages of cognitive development, but that doesn’t mean they’ve mastered all of the skills needed to be in this stage. I can apply this knowledge by allowing myself to teach in different ranges. For example, just because a student is in second grade, it doesn’t mean that they can do everything a second grader should do. As long as I work hard to get that student were they should be.
Erickson believed that the next stage of life is made up of what happened in the previous life stage (Jalongo page 117). There are eight stages in Erickson’s psychosocial stages “four of these stages are crucial to development between birth and age twelve (117).” The other for begin in