I. Planning
Introduction: The Definitions
Different people have different views on planning. Therefore it is likely that there are a variety of definitions on planning. However people all agree that planning, simply, is a process of setting goals or objectives, outlining the tasks or duties as well as developing strategies, and schedules to reach the aim or goal. However, different authors have given different definitions on planning from time to time. The foremost definitions of planning are as follows: -“Planning is the thinking process, the organized foresight, the vision based on fact and experience that is required for intelligent action” as said by Alford and Beatt. -“Planning is deciding in advance what is to be done. When a
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The planning function is very important in any organisation for it is performed by managers at every level and is required for both day-to-day effectiveness and long-term strategic success. On the other hand, the purpose of planning is essentially simple, that is to ensure that the organisation is both effective and efficient in its activities.
Steps involved in the Planning Process
Planning is a process which holds a number of steps to be taken and is set as guidelines that a manager may follow or the organisation must accomplish in order to achieve the overall planning objective.
The six steps of the management planning process:
• Step 1: Establish a realistic goal and targets
-The first step of the management planning process is to identify a specific goal that is to be achieved. An example of a goal is to raise profits by 30 percent over a 12 months period.
• Step 2: List all the things that will need to happen in order to achieve the goal
-Undertake brainstorming in order to verify what needs to be done, who will do it and all other details.
• Step 3: Sequence the activities in the order in which they should occur
- Provide visual representation of the plan, for example using flow charts and network diagrams as the useful tools in this step as well as assigning target date and if applicable, individual responsibility to
Planning: The process of anticipating future events and conditions and determining the best way to achieve organizational objectives. Marketing Planning:
Planning is the process of setting goals and creating a plan for meeting those goals. The benefits of planning as seen by the research evidence is firstly, it provides a team with a direction for future actions. For example, in my team we did not have a direction on how to proceed thorough each stage, if it was better to move up or down, which made our team members losing interest. Furthermore, planning helps when there is a problem, because if we had a plan we can proactively address problems and their impact on the project or goal is reduced. For instance, a problem in our Everest simulation was when of our team members health was critical or if someone wanted to complete an individual goal, we spent a lot of time discussing on what to do
“Organizational Management and Leadership” defines planning as “the development of goals, which leads to the development of an overall strategy for achieving those goals. Planning can be performed at all levels of an organization. Supervisors are planning when a weekly work schedule is put together for hourly staff. Top executives are planning when they define the mission statement of the company and determine how the organization can maintain its competitive advantage.”
Planning consists of competitive moves and business approaches developed to attract, please customers, conduct operations, grow the business, gain competitive advantage, and achieve performance objectives (Huidan, 2011). There are three steps to planning. A manager must be able to decide what goals to pursue, the best strategy to achieve those goals, and how to use their available resources to achieve those goals as efficient as possible (Bethel University,
Planning: is the ability to manage the functions of an organization and take decisions that will bring good results in the present and the future, of the organization. It is the management decision-making of the goals to develop a good organization.
Planning is an important action that that everyone who has goals should do, because planning will help people reach goals if they properly prepare to reach their goals. For example, when I was in high school one of my goals was to go to college, so I started planning the steps I needed to take to get to where I wanted to be. I started planning the things I needed to do such as get good grades, volunteer, apply for scholarships, and attend college. Because I already had a plan in mind and knew the steps I needed to take, it was easy to meet my goal, but if I had not planned for my future, then most likely
Planning is the foundation of all the functions of management upon which the other three areas should be built. During planning, management must evaluate the company’s current situation and then developing strategies to achieve these goals, this is called strategic planning.
The planning process begins with a situation analysis of the external and internal forces affecting the organization. This examination helps identify and diagnose issues and problems and may bring to the surface alternative goals and plans for the firm. Next, the advantages and disadvantages of these goals and plans should be evaluated against one another. Once a set of goals and a plan have been selected, implementation involves communicating the plan to employees, allocating resources, and making certain that other systems such as rewards and budgets are supporting the plan. Finally, planning requires instituting control systems to monitor progress toward the goals.
plan and break down those steps into listed action items which support the overall work. The
Planning is defined as choosing a goal and developing a strategy to attain that goal.
Planning is a technical and political process concerned with the orderly growth and development of communities; use of land; protection and use of natural resource; public welfare; and the design of the urban environment, including air, water, and infrastructure passing in and out of communities such as transportation and communications. Typically the planning process involves
c. Step 3: Develop an implementation agenda. Management decides how it will change its own activities and procedures; how critical interdependencies will be managed; what skills and individuals are needed in key roles; and what structures, measures, information, and rewards might ultimately support the needed behavior. A philosophy statement, communicated in terms of value, is the outcome of this process.
4. Action: List and describe 4-5 action steps to turn your plan into reality and implement the plan
Planning is considered to be a primary function of management. All organisations operate in a complex, dynamic and competitive business environment, and therefore, have to plan their actions without which they may not be able to survive.
Planning is a process of establishing a mission with clear goals as a means to achieve them. Good planning requires special skills and perspectives allowing decision-makers to understand the challenges they are facing and apply the most effective solution to a problem. In order to achieve success, one must plan accordingly. Planning can be short term or long term. Short term plans are done on daily basis and are easier to achieve than long term plans. Long term plans are also known as strategic plans and are used to achieve a long range vision or mission of a company. In both methods of planning, short term and long term, is necessary to achieve top notch results. Like in any other process, there are both benefits and pitfalls to a