Christopher R. Klaysmat
Mark Rouleau
Global Issues UN1025
17 Feb 2016
Population Dynamics of China A New Global Power
Introduction
For the purpose of this essay the two countries that I have chosen to study would be China and the United States. I will be looking at the differences in population growth, migration, urbanization, as well as how globalization caused the population dynamics of these two countries to differ from one another.
Population Size According to the population pyramid for 2016 the overall population of the world is roughly 7.4 billion people, of that about 1.4 billion people are currently living in China versus the United States at 3.2 hundred million. To put that into perspective China makes
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Mechanical and Technological innovation theory, the basis of this theory explores the connection between agriculture and population dynamics from the changing pattern of technology during the ‘‘pre-mechanization’’ and ‘‘post-mechanization’’ periods (4). According to this theory, there is a considerable population growth on farms during the pre-mechanization period in these two countries, was due to a booming agricultural industry (farming industry) that was prompted by technological innovations. This booming farming industry due to farm mechanization increases the demand for labor, which led to a population growth on farms. During the post-mechanization period, mechanization and technological innovations again played a role in shaping population distribution. During this period, however, new technological innovations resulted in less demand for farm labor, which eventually caused farm population to decrease (4).
Migration
Its staggering now days at the ease at which people are able to move about these days compared to that of 50 years ago. Countries around the world have almost completely opened their doors to migration in the hopes of increasing their own economy. People who are stuck in poverty ridden areas like china look to migration for the key to a successful life, the feel that if the are able to move to a more developed and urbanized area then they too will be able to thrive. In Figure 1. it’s clear to see that
People migrate in search of better economic prospects and opportunities. Many move to enjoy a better lifestyle and improve standard of living. A segment migrates from the home country to find a secure place where they can spend lives peacefully. Recently, the increasing pace of globalization has prompted migrant workers to move from one country to another.
The ability of farmers to take advantage of the new tools available to them in the 1800’s is very much tied to the progress of our country at that time. The inventions of the John Deere’s steel plow made the work of one person equal that of many people previous to that, this plow allowed a person to plant many more acres of food than previous. The invention of Cyrus Hall McCormick’s mechanical reaper allowed farmers to increase from harvesting about a half acre of wheat
In addition to agriculture success, new technological advancements came from crop exchangement. New farming equipment , such as the plow, improved the New World’s economy and health. This technology advancement is important because it allowed a large area of land to be cultivated at a time, speeding up the farming process. This enabled towns to be developed around farms from crops being grown at a faster rate and land that could now be cultivated.
Technology greatly transformed American agriculture from just plain farming to commercial farming. The mechanization of farming made farming easier and more profitable. As shown in Document D technology was helping farmers, making farming more easier and they were able to do many jobs quicker. But, Farmers couldn’t afford to send crops to other places At the beginning of the 1840s the railroad began to transform American agriculture, by the 1860’s all states east of the Mississippi had rail service. As shown in Document B there were multiple railroads all around the country. The farmers were ecstatic about this new technology because they could send their crops to other areas, when before they didn’t have the money to be able to do so. Other new technologies were arriving such as the mechanical reaper and the steel plow.
During the time period of 1865-1900 American agriculture changed greatly. Several components such as technology, government policy, and economic conditions caused agriculture to transform in the way it did. The main advancements in technology were new farming machinery and the growth in the railroad, both benefited the farmers grow and move crops. The government policies seemed to never favor the farmers, they passed laws making it harder for farmers to make a living. The economic conditions for farmers became rough due to the price of crops dropping from overproduction.
When the mechanization of agriculture was in effect farmers began to invest in technology so that they can increase the farm worker productivity, and essentially grow more crops. Growing more crops meant that they would be selling more crops, resulting in the increase of profit, but the problem with this is that the machinery necessary to do so is expensive. Since this machinery is a necessity and is expensive that meant that not everyone could begin farming. This means that there were less farmers, but the farmers who who still farming were producing more crops. Farmers thought that the more crops they produced, the more profit they would make, but the overproduction of agriculture was a direct link to economic insecurity of
Use of new technology and machine help to increase the agriculture production. Similarly, “settlement of the American West by a class of new farmers translated into greater yields in crop production”. These changes were beneficial to the American people and America but they opened many more challenges. One of the most challenge was over production and low consumption.
China has the largest population of any country on our planet Earth, with more than 1.35 billion people.
The turn of the century was perhaps one of the most interesting times in the agricultural scene of America. The turn from the 1800s to the 1900s sparked a technological revolution that extended not just to urban environments, but to rural areas and farmers. Farmers found the majority of this revolution in the 1920s and 1930s, a time when machinery was revitalized in order to make the farming industry easier. Before this time, farmers will still using horses to do their farm work, so the introduction of machines was absolutely life-changing for the farming industry.
New farming technology enabled the people of the Middle Ages to increase their food production, helping to feed a growing population. The
China and India are the two countries that have the highest population in the world. Both countries have realised that family planning and population control had to happen around the 1950's for India and the 1970's for China. This essay will seek to compare and contrast China and India, focusing on what the major problems facing both are, why have they both had to implement policies regarding population control, and the long-term and short-term effects that these policies have on the two countries.
The rise in China from a poor, stagnant country to a major economic power within a time span of twenty-eight years is often described by analysts as one of the greatest success stories in these present times. With China receiving an increase in the amount of trade business from many countries around the world, they may soon be a major competitor to surpass the U.S. China became the second largest economy, last year, overtaking Japan which had held that position since 1968 (Gallup). China could become the world’s largest economy in decades.
In this respect, it is worthy of mention that such a situation with the migration is the result of the recent trend in the world economy which is characterized by processes which are generally called globalization. The process of globalization is overwhelming and involves practically all countries of the world with rare exceptions which
Agriculture has changed dramatically, especially since the end of World War II. Food and fibre productivity rose due to new technologies, mechanization, increased chemical use, specialization and government policies that favoured maximizing production. These changes allowed fewer farmers with reduced labour demands to produce the majority of the food and fibre.
Landowners were no longer the most powerful force in the Western countries. Investment in machines for mass manufacture became the basis for change in industry. Demand from rapidly growing urban population with expanding buying power stimulated technological improvements, (Clare). In turn, this enabled mass production and increased availability and lowered costs. The cheaper, more abundant merchandise now available stimulated a mass market and even