Portrayal of Women in Comics A recent post on Vanity Fair with title “Suicide Squad’s Harley Quinn; the Most Divisive Character in Comic book History” and the presence of wonder woman in the movie batman versus superman in 2016, have indirectly shown that there is a surge in the demand for more female superheroes. These female superheroes are so distinguished by some characteristics which are peculiar to them. These projected characteristics include but not restricted to; Freedom, dominance and loudness. These characteristics undeniably express the idea of feminism (Erikson & Eric 1968). Unfortunately, the world has been grappling with the issues of stereotypes and negativity in the comic industry, with females landing roles like secretary, nurse and wife. As Maya Angelou; an African-American poet rightly put, “how important it is for us to recognize and celebrate our heroes and she-roes”. This is an important and salient point in the society. Nevertheless, it has always been neglected due to low consciousness from the male folks and an uncomfortable docility from the female folks (Mustafa, 2015). According to Betty Friedan, in her book “The Feminine Mystique” (1960), she suggests that all women wanted were to be happy homemakers. This means that women have always been represented as being indecisive, superficial and only engaged in domestic roles in family and society. Interestingly but unfortunately enough, these ideologies have permeated different areas in our lives.
In her essay “The Importance of Work,” from The Feminine Mystique published in 1963, Betty Friedan confronts American women’s search for identity. Throughout the novel, Betty Friedan broke new ground by seeking the idea of women discovering personal fulfillment away from their original roles. She ponders on the idea of the Feminine Mystique as the cause for the majority of women during that time period to feel confined by their occupations around the house, restricting them from discovering who they are as women. Friedan’s novel is well known for creating a different kind of feminism and rousing various women across the nation.
In “From Books As Bombs” by Louis Menand, the author talks about “The Feminine Mystique” that was published by Betty Friedan and her argumentative points on the true meaning behind being a housewife. Betty Friedan was the first president of the National Organization for Women and sought to gain rights for working women. She began documenting and recording facts from her classmates. “Friedman campaigned on behalf of the rights of working women when she was still a student at Smith.” One of her major points in the book is that “women were worse of in 1963, then they had been in 1963”. Reason being is because most jobs were taken by men and the amount of women accepted to college decreased due to gender. Friedman wants to further propose that
The book describes how complex societal dictation dominated the lives of women and left no room for growth as a unique individual with a passion other than homemaking. It called upon women to take a stand against these so called norms and “seek new opportunities for themselves” (“Betty Friedan”). It instantly became sensation and “continues to be regarded as one of the most influential nonfiction books of the 20th century” (Michals). It struck a nerve with all women alike, leading to a “feminist explosion” (Kaplan) because of the recognition of themselves in Friedan’s work (Parry) and the familiarity shared between the women created a sense of community. It also brought public awareness to the glamorized domestication of
Friedan, however, was no ordinary housewife. Before starting her family, she had worked as a newspaper reporter; even after her children came, she wrote regularly for the major women 's magazines. By 1957 she was fed up with the endless stories about breast-feeding, the preparation of gourmet chip dips, and similar domestic fare that was the staple of ‘Redbook‘, ‘McCall 's‘, and ‘Ladies ' Home Journal‘. She had noticed many women like herself who worked outside the home and felt guilty because their jobs threatened their husbands ' roles as providers or took time away from their children. Thus Friedan began to wonder not only about herself as a woman, a wife, and a mother, but also about the role society had shaped women to play.
Sexism, from the lack of women creators to the hypersexualized characters, is an enormous problem facing the comic book industry today. It is the 21st century, and the comic book industry is still a male-dominated industry. Thankfully, there are fewer distress damsels and more leading ladies, but I remain unsatisfied and believe that we need more. With female versions of superheroes doing better than their male counterparts, it will continue getting better. This world absolutely can not become better, until all aspects of life ceases the discrimination against
This paper will look at how the movies portray women in a way that women can relate to regardless if it’s an insulting
In addition, we will explore the context in which the members of the group communicate with their intended audience using mass communication. The last part will try to examine the recent changes in the comic-book world in regard to giving the traditional male superhero role to a female lead and what changes might it bring forth by breaking some of the female gender stereotypes and norms.
Bercuci, L. (2016). Pop Feminism: Televised Superheroines from the 1990s to the 2010s. Gender Studies, [online] 15(1), pp.252-269. Available at: https://www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/j/genst.2016.15.issue-1/genst-2017-0017/genst-2017-0017.pdf [Accessed 14 Jul. 2017].
In the book The Feminine Mystique, Betty Friedan brings attention to what she calls the feminine mystique, or “the problem that has no name”. Through the use of anecdotal narratives, her own personal experiences as a journalist, editor, mother, and the interviews of many women from different backgrounds in order to unveil the truth about the women of the 1950’s. The problem which sparked the second wave of feminism in the United States is one that focuses on the inequality between men and women and the undervaluing of women in both the social and private spheres. The women of the time gave up pursuing their passions, such as getting an education or careers in science or business in order to fit the image of the stereotypical stay-at-home mom whose main goal in life is to raise her children while providing a safe and comforting home for her husband. The Feminine Mystique, as she called it, was the idea of widespread unhappiness of women, despite the preconceived notion that women were happiest when they have a family. Throughout her work, she dives into many of the problems associated with the feminine mystique and builds a powerful concept of what would eventually be labeled feminism.
Throughout the world women are depicted to be oversexualized among forms of media such as video games and comic books. The idea of oversexualization towards female characters is that they have been often drawn and animated in hypersexual ways. Even going as far as viewing them as a sex object, their revealing body images are eye candy through the eyes of men. Hence women found in comic books and video games are frequently emphasized by their excessive physical appearances, objectification, portrayal, and character role.
Back in the 1950’s, women in the middle class used to hear the advice of “Motherhood is wonderful, your first priority is to care for your husband and children.” Then in the 1960’s, they encourage women to find happiness and fulfillment in the life of being married and homemaking. The “Donna Reed Show,” presented an example of this lifestyle. But not every woman wanted to follow the footsteps of becoming only a house wife; they wanted to earn their own career. Then in 1963, “Betty Friedman published a book called “The Feminine Mystique,” which she expressed is this what women is only capable of doing” (Modern Feminism)? Since in the era of the 50’s and 60’s were about being the best house wife, Betty Friedman struck a nerve. Within 3 years
Frequently, most superheroes in cinema are portrayed by male characters rather than women, creating a distinction between gender roles. Indeed, through the passage, “These results may suggest to viewers that women are less important, knowledgeable, and capable than men – and less likely to be a hero” (Miller et. al) women are much less likely to be featured as the hero within the film, and more likely to be featured as the “damsel in distress” of the story. Furthermore, women are much more likely to be depicted in a sexualized fashion, even when displayed in the role of hero. This feature of women with a lack of dominance defies feminism, as they lack roles in superhero films and they are portrayed with the sole purpose of boasting
Filmmakers use traditional gender stereotypes to produce characters audiences can easily identify with by portraying conventional images of a person with identifiable characteristics. In previous years, the dominant representation of a women in film has been the passive, subjugated protagonist. However, through the development of female empowerment and added feminist representations of film, the female heroine transformed to become strong and independent women in her own right, as an individual character.
Betty Friedan wrote that "the only way for a woman, as for a man, to find herself, to know herself as a person, is by creative work of her own." The message here is that women need more than just a husband, children, and a home to feel fulfilled; women need independence and creative outlets, unrestrained by the pressures of society. Throughout much of history, women have struggled with the limited roles society imposed on them. The belief that women were intellectually inferior, physically weaker, and overemotional has reinforced stereotypes throughout history. In the 1960s, however, women challenged their roles as "the happy little homemakers." Their story is the story of the Women's Liberation
Books, plays, and movies that depict culture and social life often make statements about social issues such as gender roles, racism, and class distinction. Stories set up a context in which characters relate, often representing “stock” characters chosen from society and placed in situations where their stereotypical behaviors—and sometimes their breaking of these stereotypes—are highlighted. As feminism became a popular movement in Western countries in general and the United States in particular, female voices were naturally heard through fictional characters. Social and political issues commonly fuel entertainment; feminism, racism, and classism—recurring themes in entertainment through the 20th Century and into the modern day—have