Power And Fatigue Index

Muscular hypertrophy occurs through anaerobic training and also causes an increase in lactate tolerance since the lactate produced is less concentrated enabling athletes to tolerate increased amounts. The greater extent of muscular hypertrophy and therefore lactate tolerance in males compared to females is evident in the greater number of attacking efforts performed by them whilst on field. During the 20 minutes of the game spent on field, males performed 88.5 attacking skills (approximately 4.43 maximal efforts per minute), while females performed 76.4 attacking skills (3.82 per minute) (Appendix 2). Due to insufficient recovery of CP, the anaerobic glycolysis system would have been dominant for these efforts. Males can tolerate more lactate hence perform more efforts. Furthermore, males had a higher average of 15.40 seconds in the speed endurance test compared to 17.19 seconds for females, indicating that males have greater lactate tolerance due to developed anaerobic adaptations including muscular hypertrophy (Appendix 1). As men have a greater lactate tolerance, they can work at higher anaerobic intensities for longer durations, therefore perform more maximal efforts such as repetitively

Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to study the relationship between cellular respiration in the muscles, and muscle fatigue due to lactate fermentation in anaerobic respiration.

The below two charts show my personal results of the Power Management Inventory and the Meyers-Briggs Type Indicators.

The Wingate Anaerobic Test is used to evaluate anaerobic cycling performance. This study was undertaken to determine whether there is a relationship between peak power and fatigue index for endurance (n=9) vs power (n=4) athletes. A total of 13 subjects, including 8 males and 5 females, were included in the study. The subjects were divided into sporting types, such as endurance and power. Data collected from the Wingate test included peak power (W), mean power (W), time to peak (S), minimum power (W) and fatigue index (%). When the peak power and fatigue index were considered together for endurance athletes, a significant relationship

In this assignment I will be reviewing the different effects of exercise on the body system including the acute and long term using the pre-exercise, exercise and post-exercise physiological data which I collected based on interval and continuous training method. I will also be including the advantages and disadvantages of these, also the participants’ strengths and areas where they can improve on.

Burnout can have severe consequences for athletes, not only adversely impacting motivation and health, but also a subsequent reduction in performance and possible retiring from sport altogether (Madigan et al., 2015). Overtraining can be outlined as an accumulation of training and non-training stress that ends in long term impairment to an athletes performance that includes both physiological and psychological symptoms in which recovery can extend to years (Slivka, Hailes, Cuddy & Ruby, 2010). As overtraining is both physiological and psychological there is little understood about why there is a sudden decrease in all types of performance: resistance, anaerobic and aerobic; what is clear is that while most types of training, even burnout, can be remedied with reduced activity, overtraining is immune to most recovery strategies (Wilmore et al.,

(2014). A Consideration of the Paradigm of Exercise Physiology. Research In Sports Medicine, 22(3), 314-322.

They measured muscular strength and anaerobic performance in trained athletes. 17 physically, active young men were selected for the study and the creatine group had 8 people and the placebo group had 9 people with average age of 23 and 26, respectively. The creatine group took 20 grams a day over the course of 4 servings and the placebo group received a carbohydrate mixture and both groups took it before meals. They trained on day 1 and 4, which included exercises that the whole body. They measured anaerobic power on a 30 second Wingate test, max bench press and squat, took blood and urine samples, and measured height, weight, and body fat. Using an ANOVA with repeated measures across time, the results demonstrated that there was an increase in anaerobic force (12%) and back squat quality (11%) when contrasted with the placebo group. With more creatine in the body than with the control group and the creatine group had lower body fat but more body weight because of increased muscle mass. Proper training and creatine led to power and force increases for these athletes, which is helpful to a running back in improving power, speed, and game

The anaerobic threshold (AT), also called the “lactate threshold,” is the exertion level between aerobic and anaerobic training. The AT is the point during exercise where your body must switch from anaerobic to aerobic metabolism. Anaerobic exercise consists of weightlifting, sprinting, and jumping. Once an athlete reaches its anaerobic threshold, lactic acid builds up in the muscles faster than it can be cleared away resulting in muscle cramps. The AT is a useful measure for deciding exercise intensity for training and racing in endurance sports. On average untrained individuals have a low AT (approximately 55 % of VolumeO2max), and elite endurance athletes have a high AT (approx. 80 - 90% of VolumeO2max). lactate threshold.(1) Studies have been conducted on finding methods of improving anaerobic threshold. Lately High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has become a popular training modality in competitive athletes, recreationally-trained individuals, and clinical populations. HIIT consists of repeated bouts of short to moderate duration exercise

It was hypothesized that intermittent exercise bouts are more effective than moderate continuous training, because participants will be able to exercise long and therefore, will have a greater work output. The main findings from this lab can be categorized into three sections, heart rate during exercise bout refer to figure 1. Total work over exercise type, refer to figure 2. Time to fatigue over exercise type, refer to figure 3.

The purpose of this study was to see how high intensity interval training alter ATP in maximal muscle contractions. This study consisted of young eight men who performed six series of repeated 30 s all out sprints on an ergometer (Larsen, Maynard, & Kent, 2014). The purpose of an ergometer is to measure the amount of work is used to perform this task. All of the participants were students at University of Massachusetts who volunteered to participate in this study. Ages ranged from 27. 0 ± 3.4 years, no participates was currently participating in any regular exercise program. No participates were on any type of medication or vitamin to help

The sympathetic and parasympathetic systems are affected due to overtraining. An individual can experience the signs and symptoms of the sympathetic nervous system, such as an increase in heart rate and blood pressure, loss of appetite, decrease body mass, sleep disturbances, emotional instability, and high basal metabolic rate. Similarly, the signs and symptoms of the parasympathetic overtraining include early onset of fatigue, decreased resting heart rate, and rapid heart rate recovery after exercise, and a decreased in resting blood pressure. (Kenney et al., 2015, p.355). The parasympathetic signs are seen more often in individuals who perform a high training volume. The physiological

Anaerobic power is the body’s ability to utilize stored ATP in the muscle cells. The ATP-PC energy system generally lasts 10-15 seconds, therefore majority of the participants power during the wingate test would be applied during the first half of the test. A person who is mostly anaerobic (generally their muscles are mostly fast-twitch fibers) will have more power at the beginning of the test but a faster decline in power once ATP is consumed. Examples of this type of person would be a powerlifter or a sprinter. A person who is considered more aerobic (more slow-twitch fibers) will have less power at the beginning, however will be able to better sustain their power output, having less of a decline in power throughout the test. Examples would

Anaerobic enzymes: Training such as sprinting and weightlifting will affect the enzymes associated with the production of energy. Creative Kinase and phosphofructokinase are two enzymes that will increase as a result of anerobic exercise.

Steady state exercise is the activity that achieves a balance between the energy required by working muscles and the rate of oxygen and delivery for aerobic ATP production. This lab is conducted to determine the heart rate in beats per minute (BPM), blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), and rating of perceived exertion response at rest to moderate cardiovascular exercise at a steady state workload and RPM. I hypothesized that exercising on an exercise bike the subjects participating in this study would have a higher rate of fatigue without fluid replacement than with fluid replacement.