Prevention Of Type II Diabetes Policy Gap Analysis Essay

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is the most common form of diabetes (American Diabetes Association, 2012). T2D is so prevalent that it is estimated to be the fifth most common cause of death worldwide (Yates, Jarvis, Troughton, and JaneDavies, 2009, p. 1). T2D manifests when the body is unable to metabolize glucose properly, resulting in elevated blood sugar, debilitating fatigue, and other serious complications such as distal limb amputations, kidney failure, and blindness. The generally accepted causes of T2D include diet, sedentary lifestyle, and obesity.

Type II diabetes is a chronic medical condition that affects the way the body uses glucose. With diabetes, the body can resist the effect of insulin or fails to produce enough insulin to preserve a glucose level within normal limits. Type II diabetes is becoming much more common than before and the occurrence is growing. Approximately 23.5 million people in the United States are living with type II diabetes (Fesselle, 2010).

Diabetes affects over 180 million people in the US and is projected that by 2025 this figure will increase to 300 million.

By 2020 estimates show that approximately 250 million people worldwide will be affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus (Shulman, 2000). Type 2 diabetes also known as adult-onset or non-insulin-dependent diabetes

This essay will focus on type 2 diabetes, which is becoming one of the fast growing chronic health conditions in the United Kingdom (UK). Approximately 700 people are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes each day in the UK (Diabetes Uk, (2014)a). It is costing the NHS about £10billion pounds each year to treat diabetes along with its complication and it is expected to rise in the next couple of years (Diabetes UK, (2014)b).

Did you know diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States? (Fukunaga, 2011). Many are unaware approximately 25.8 million American’s, 8.3% of the population suffer from diabetes. Type II Diabetes Mellitus (DM II) is by far the most prevalent and accounts for 90-95 percent of the 25.8 million diabetic patients. The long term complications of DM II make it a devastating disease. It is the leading cause of adult blindness, end-stage kidney disease, and non-traumatic lower limb amputation (Lewis, Dirksen, Heitkemper, & Bucher 2014, p. 1154). Not only is diabetes debilitating to patients but also the health and employment costs are substantial. According to Fukunaga (2011), “The estimated national cost of diabetes exceeds

The State of the nation 2016 (England): time to take control of diabetes1 report from Diabetes UK warns us that 5 million people in England are at high risk of developing T2DM. We have high quality evidence from several international diabetes prevention studies2 that early lifestyle intervention can reduce both long-term progression to T2DM, and long-term incidence of cardiovascular & all-cause mortality. Based on this evidence, the NHS Diabetes Prevention Programme3 was launched during 2016 to provide individualised lifestyle support for those at high risk of T2DM.

According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), more than 371 million people across the globe have diabetes and this figure is predicted to rise to over 550 million by 2030. Type 2 diabetes occurs when the hormone insulin is not used effectively by the cells in your body. Insulin is needed for cells to take in glucose from the bloodstream and convert it into energy. Ineffective use of insulin results in the body becoming resistant to normal levels of insulin. When the body becomes resistant, in advanced stages, insulin secreted cells in the pancreas becomes damaged, and eventually requires exogenous insulin to maintain sufficient levels.

America is the pinnacle of western culture and an ideology that west-is-best has risen from this conception. In America an entire day; 15% of the week has been dedicated to sitting in your living room while watching football, drinking American beer, being loud, eating high and empty carb snack, and all while convincing yourself that you live in the greatest country on earth and that nothing could ever harm you. America has created western masterpieces such as the Carl Jr’s pop tart ice cream sandwich, the Pizza Hut kit-kat pizza pops, the Burger King pizza sized burger, and the Dennny’s mac ‘n cheese two-foot big daddy melt (consisting of an astonishing 2000 calories). It is not suppressing that countries with larger populations have greater

Diabetes type II is a devastating disease. It has been established that the higher a person’s body mass index (BMI) the more likely they are to develop diabetes type II. 96.4% of type II diabetes can be directly attributed to obesity. This disease often results in daily medication usage and hospitalization. It can even result in loss of organs or limbs. Often diabetic patients suffer from failed kidney function and must rely on daily dialysis. The direct cost of obesity related type II diabetes in 1995 was $32.2 billion and the indirect cost was $30.74 billion.

For the year 2012, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that, 29.1 million people in the united states had diabetes, and of those 21.0 million people were diagnosed and 8.1 million people were undiagnosed (2014). The number of people that have the disease can be used to illustrate the major impact the disease has on society. The disease can affect an individual directly through personal diagnosis. When family member is diagnosed with type II diabetes, it can indirectly affect their close relatives by the increased risk that they may one day be diagnosed with the disease because of genetics. The fact that 8.1 million people were undiagnosed in 2012 should be very concerning for both healthcare providers and society (CDC, 2014). The proper management and compliance is very important with type II diabetes and cannot be initiated until a diagnosis is made. When the disease is uncontrolled other complications can occur. This creates a negative effect on society due to the deficit that exist. Whether the actual impact the disease has on society is positive or negative can be related to whether the disease is properly diagnosed and managed accordingly. Although type II diabetes is a part of society working to try to prevent the disease and timely diagnose the disease is a positive impact diabetes has on society. Increase education about the signs and symptoms of the disease and screenings could aid in the early diagnosis of the disease. Earlier diagnosis can aid in better prognosis of the

Type 2 diabetes is a very well known disease throughout the US. There are about 27 million people in the US with the disease and 86 million others have prediabetes which means their blood glucose is not right but also not high enough to be diabetes yet. 208,000 people under the age of twenty have been diagnosed with either Type 1 or 2 Diabetes.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is becoming rapidly more prevalent worldwide, owing largely to the growing obesity pandemic. According to the international diabetes federation, 1 in every 10 people will suffer from T2DM globally by 2035. (1)

Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common chronic metabolic disorders with higher rate of fatal chronic condition, morbidity and mortality. It is characterized by poor glycemic control due to decreased insulin sensitivity(1,2).According to the report of International diabetes federation (IDF) in 2015,415 million people have suffering from the disease worldwide and the rate will be increase to 642million in 2040(3).

In an effort to reduce the economic impact of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) in the United States, as well as to improve the quality of life in patients with T2D, a trillion dollar grant should be distributed amongst five categories with varying monetary allocations as such: 400 billion dollars to prevention and treatment of T2D, 200 billion dollars to the increased social awareness of T2D, 150 billion to the establishment of community health centers in various urban areas, 150 billion to further research on the biological mechanisms underlying insulin resistance in T2D, and the last 100 billion dollars to the development of better in-vitro diagnostic (IVD) monitoring and insulin delivery devices. In 2012, the total estimated cost of diabetes was