Subjective Video Quality Assessment for QoE
Student Number: 17091447g
Student Name: ZHENG Yuan
Introduction
The video quality evaluation was put forward to the birth of video technology, it is performed to evaluate the quality of a set of video sequences under study. Video quality can be evaluated by objective video quality and subjective video quality, the objective video quality can be evaluated by some parameters of objective video quality classified from the original signal and the received signal, but we cannot judge the video is good or not, just from some objective parameters. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the subjective video quality at some standardized testing methods. That is what the essay concern, so I will introduce how
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However, the impairments that are easily detected by direct differential methods.
SSCQE
The SSCQE is also a family of single stimulus like ACR and ACR-HR. The methods selected a longer test video sequence which should last at least five minutes, and the audiences continue to score the observation video sequence. In the end, the staff can get a series of scoring statistics, the score not only consider the value of the score, but also consider the scoring time.
This test method have a better performance in video quality with time-varying compression system, in other word, it gives an entire assessment for a longer video sequence.
However, the test video sequence is very long, it results in a problem of the test method that it will not have reference during the test, thus we cannot remove the impact of scene bias, audiences’ feeling and so on, besides we cannot compare the scores from different SSCQE test experiments for the same reason, so the result of SSCQE is independently. In addition, the selected test video sequence may make a huge effect to the final result. Therefore, how to select a comfortable test video sequence becomes a serious
The technical evolution of film industry is one notable feature of modern civilization. The innovation of combining motion pictures with recorded sound. Black-and-white film gradually replaced by the colour motion picture film and the visual effect involve the integration of live-action footage and computer generated imagery to create a scenes which look realistic, but would be dangerous, costly or impossible to be recorded and the popularization of three-dimensional cinema. The developments of technique contribute the film industry to get closer to people’s perception, however, in the real life. The observation of objects would change if we look from different distance and angle. And this experience of perception cannot be done in film.
The test consists of different forms that can be filled out. The parent form, which consists of 232 question items. A teacher form, which consists of 193 question items, and an adult form consisting of 236 questions. The questions are answered based on a 4 point Likert type rating scale. You will score 0 for items that are “not able”, 1 on items that are “never”, 2 on items that reflect “sometimes”, and 3 on items that reflect “always”. This test takes approximately 15 to 20 minutes and should be administered in an interview question/answer form. Pattison & Oakland (2008) explained that significant limitations in adaptive
Q. 4 Identify and explain the three factors that influence the quality of digital video
Recently, 4K video has exploded onto the scene of affordable consumer cameras. The GoPro Hero 4 and iPhone 6s are just two examples of consumer level devices that are capable of recording 4K video. At first glance this technological advancement seems like the perfect solution to videographers who need high-resolution video, but cannot afford a cinematic camera. However, this technology is so new, there has yet to be a comparison between the various levels of devices capable of recording 4K-resolution video. Referring back to my problem statement, the goal of this method is to determine if the GoPro Hero 4 and iPhone 6s are a suitable alternative to a 4K video camcorder. The following is a list of steps taken in order to determine the effectiveness of these two devices.
similar test settings available in the literature [Daniels et al., 1995,Bano et al., 2009,Capozzoli et al., 2012].
In this essay ,I will be comparing two films, The Matrix and Charlie Angels. I will discuss the use of cinematography, the genres of the films, and how effective they are. I will also look at the characters, action, plot ,sound and atmosphere created, and how these are aimed at each film 's target audience.
The quality of the overall viewing experience in a theater is incredible. The sound is so clear because the walls are soundproof and the speakers are turned all the way up. The ambience is perfect because the projected image takes up the entire wall. Moreover, the smell of warm, buttery popcorn adds to the theater
For all the participants first we will evaluate cognitive performance using the auditory N-back test. This test has different variety, we will use 0-back which is more a measure of attention and 2-back which is representative of working memory.
memory, speed of attention, and accuracy of attention were all measured through the CDR. Examples of
The each participant watched 4 preselected 1 minute videos. After each video they were asked 8 yes or no question with different question forms. Questions could pertain to the absence or presents of a noun or nouns, whether the nouns were singular or plural, the use a definite or indefinite articles and also if the question was affirmative or negative. Half of the participants were asked to give a free recall of everything they could remember, this took place 10 minutes after watching the last
Before beginning the analytical portion, first a more philosophical discussion about film as an art form. Film is an art form that is experienced by its receiver over its duration, in that way it is similar to music, and is different from a static art form like paintings. This matters because it alters the way in which its effect is had on its receiver – the audience. The film is a sequence of shots usually coupled with audio, and the narrative film tells a story. The story may be delivered sequentially or not, and this choice has implications on how viewers will react. These choices are considered as a part of film form, choices can also be made about the individual scenes, frames, and sounds as well – which are
Film quality has evolved over time. However, there are new technological advancements that improve the quality of a certain film. This concludes to film editing.
She did not need repetition of any directions and correctly completed all samples on the first trial without needing prompts. Rapport was easily established and Jane seemed at ease throughout. Jane displayed appropriate affect and did not display frustration when items became more difficult, but rather persisted until she arrived at an answer. Overall, she seemed to complete most tasks quite quickly, and in very few instances did she need to be prompted to answer. The testing environment was inspected prior to beginning the assessment to ensure it allowed for comfortable testing conditions. There were no distractions or interruptions throughout the test. The room was well lit and set at a comfortable temperature. All materials were presented at appropriate distances to ensure that the individual could see and reach them. Based on the observations and due to no visible difficulties, the following scores can be stated as valid representations of their respective abilities at this point in time.
The introduction of motion picture drastically changed the world as we know it along with introducing new and advanced ways of making and presenting media to the masses. Before the introduction of motion picture the only way people were able to hear about the news or new products was either by newspaper or word of mouth. Before we had T5i’s or any other new and elaborate camera we had to film with black and white picture with no sound, like the old classic super eight film cameras. The process of editing has changed over the decades from where film was just cut and scenes would be placed right after the other with hard cuts with the raw material, literally they cut the film, to now where most editors use non-linear editing with a computer to add transitions, text, and other video effects to produce the most visually appealing and most understandable when producing a video production. The way the video productions are shown to the public have also adapted throughout its brief existence. When commercials and films first made their appearances in the early twentieth century Directors and Producers had no idea how to use color to catch the audience’s attention by using their sub conscious, they didn’t realize that the length of the production would play a role in rather a person will watch it or not. Nowadays there are entire books on how to grab the audience’s attention.
To detect video double compression, less work has been done. Double compression detection is accomplished by examining the periodic artifacts in Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) histograms of I frame.