Research Methods in Cognitive Level of Analysis There are 3 research methods can be used in cognitive level of analysis. They are lab experiments, case studies of patients with brain-damage, and brain imaging techniques. The methods are basically the same methods used in biological level of analysis. These methods are useful depending how the researchers want to study the cognitive process. One of the most scientific ways to study mental processes is through lab experiments because the high degrees of control allow researchers to isolate a particular component of the cognitive process for study (IV) to test its effect on the DV. An example for this method is the case Craik & Tulving’s levels of processing study test the effects of …show more content…
Bartlett set out to study cultural Schema, more specifically. Upon carrying out the experiment, Bartlett observed the following three results. The most major of his observations was that the recalled stories were not only distorted, but altered in ways. He concluded that these alterations and distortions were applied by the subjects in order to fit their specific cultural schema. A common distortion made by the subjects was substituting the word “boat” instead of the more foreign “canoe”. Bartlett stated this seemingly intentional widespread error was rationalization. 3. Describe two limitations/weaknesses of the “War of Ghosts” study Though the “War of Ghosts” study is renowned for giving insight into the effects of cultural Schema, it was not perfect. Many have criticized the Bartlett study of 1932, stating that variable such as the implementation of nonsense syllables. One of the main shortcomings of the Bartlett study was its lack of instruction. Bartlett did not provide his participants with any instructions. This may have been a cause of distortions. Another limitation of the Bartlett study was carried out in a lab, thus ecological validity could have been a influence on the results of the study. 4. Discuss two weaknesses of the schema theory. a) The theory’s ability to explain human behavior in unprecedented
Aside from statistical data, the authors shared little to no analysis of the attrition in their study.
Case studies, surveys, and naturalistic observations are a few research methods used by psychologists to facilitate the understanding of behavior. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages that are used in particular research scenarios. Techniques like observation or interactions between the researcher and the subject(s) such as extensive interviews to restrained experiments are what some research methods heavily rely on to be validated.
1.What two factors did you investigate in your procedure, and why did you choose to compare these two factors?
· How were measures of variation used in the study? What conclusions can you draw based on the variation?
Over the years many people have made studies of what they believe were the important factors
One criticism of this research is that it is correlational. Therefore, we cannot infer a causal
Additionally, as far as the study’s designers making a reference back to the purpose of the research (Pyrczak, 2008), this evaluator has ascertained they have not (Lin et al., 2004); however, it should be mentioned that in studies that have only a solitary hypothesis, such a requirement may not be applicable. With that being the case,
10. Was the sample for this study adequately described? Provide a rationale for your answer.
- The use of a scientific control groups is important because it can segregate the effect of
They focused on these factors because they found that these were the most common studied but the findings are the most contradictory.
The results obtained in the three tests described above are consistent with the outcome of
In past experiments the researcher would have been required to scan images of the entire brain for each comparison,
noted there has been little effort to evaluate the effectiveness of the program, but failed to give
One known research method is the Scientific Method which is a uniform way of creating observations, assembly data, establishing concepts, testing predictions, and understanding outcomes. These observations are made in order to observe and define behaviors. The first step to take in using a scientific method is to develop an issue or question. Next step is to perform a research and observation on the issue or question that was developed. Then a hypothesis needs to be formulated after these steps have been made.
Research shows that the latter three methods mentioned have significant flaws and therefore, are not recommended for use by the organisation, this is because the data collected would mainly be descriptive, which would mean analysis and interpretation of the results would be challenging and time-consuming. These techniques could not be implemented on the large scale that the organisation desires, as they do not have the required resources to facilitate it. An experiment would also be unsuitable for the organisation as it would be too difficult to