Stoichiometric Reactions with Phosphoric Acid
By Jaime Conklin
Partner: Deanna Ryan
CHE 120-03
Instructor: Mr. Cusumano
September 30, 2015
Purpose
The purpose of this experiment is to examine the stoichiometric relationship between reagents and the identity of the products by using three acid/base neutralization reactions of a triprotic acid, phosphoric acid, and varying molar equivalents of sodium hydroxide. The data will be used to determine the formula weight of the products and identify the remaining salt for all three reactions.
Introduction
In this experiment, we learned about stoichiometry, empirical formula, molecular formula, polyprotic acids and bases, metathesis reactions, and moles.
Stoichiometry is a very important part of chemistry. Stoichiometry refers to calculating the masses of molecules and their products . The reactants are usually given and stoichiometry is used to find the products of the equations as well balancing the equation. An example of this would be sodium chloride (NaCl). Stoichiometry will say that if there are ten thousand atoms of sodium and one atom of chlorine, only one molecule of sodium chloride can be made and that fact can never be changed.
Ex: 10,000Na + 1Cl → NaCl + 9,999Na
Empirical formulas represent the ratio of atoms in a formula. It is expressed in the simplest, small, whole number ratio. The molecular formula can either be the empirical formula, or a multiple of the empirical
Stoichiometry: A branch of chemistry that deals with the relative quantities of reactants and products in chemical reactions.
The purpose of this experiment is to distinguish the relationships between reactants and products, in addition to expanding on concepts such as single displacement reactions, mole ratio values, moles to mass, theoretical yields, limiting reactants, excess, stoichiometric relationships and percentage errors.
A chemical reaction is when substances (reactants) change into other substances (products). The five general types of chemical reactions are synthesis (also known as direct combination), decomposition, single replacement (also known as single displacement), double replacement (also known as double displacement), and combustion. In this lab, the five general types of chemical reactions were conducted and observations were taken before, during, and after the reaction. Then the reactants and observations were used to determine the products to form a balanced chemical equation. The purpose of this lab was to learn and answer the question: How can observations be used to determine the identity of substances produced in a chemical reaction?
The Empirical Formula is a formula that shows elements in a compound. The molecular formula gives the amount of atoms that each element has in a compound. These formulas were used to calculate and find elements that were given prior to the crash. The formulas also helped our team find out which passengers had each of the possible materials on the flight.
Question of the day: What is the stoichiometric ratio of reactions in the chemical synthesis of the (2, 4-pentanedianato) iron (III) complex ion?
The purpose of this semester long experiment was to determine an unknown organic acid. An organic acid is an organic compound with acidic properties. A base reacts with acids to form salts. Titrations are used to determine the concentration of unknown substances. The purpose of the KHP experiment was to determine the molarity of NaOH. HCl titrations are mainly to check technique and used to verify the molarity of NaOH solution. The hypothesis is that this acid is C4H3OCOOH.
The problem that was trying to be solved in this study deals with analyzing unknown solutions. In this particular case, a chemical company has several unknown solutions and to correctly dispose of them they need to know their properties. To figure out the properties several qualitative tests were performed throughout the study (Cooper 2012).
36. Coefficients are written in front of the formulas of reactants and products to balance chemical
The purpose of this experiment is to distinguish the relationships between reactants and products, in addition to expanding on concepts such as single displacement reactions, mole ratio values, moles to mass, theoretical yields, limiting reactants, excess, stoichiometric relationships and percentage errors.
Table 1: Properties of the reagents and possible products for the reaction. The boiling point of Phosphoric acid is not important because it is a reagent.
Observe and measure a weak acid neutralization and determine the unknown identity of an unknown acid by titration.
Objectives: Students will be introduced to chemical reactions, reactants, and products and will build upon their knowledge of chemical versus physical changes.
Stoichiometry is a method scientists use to presume how two or more substances will react together. In order to do so successfully, the reactants are positioned on the left and the products on the right. The most important part of successfully
Stoichiometry has many uses in the real world. In the chemical industry and in professional scientific experiments, scientists use stoichiometry to save money. Scientists use stoichiometric calculations to determine the amount of a substance they need to purchase for a specific reaction. There are four possible reactions that can occur when sodium bicarbonate thermally decomposes. In this lab, stoichiometry was used to find out which balanced chemical equation out the four best represents the thermal decomposition of sodium bicarbonate.