Evan O’Connor GFCL: 100 Professor Hubbard Due: 10/6 Pequot & Carthage This definition of genocide is “an attempt at extermination, whether partial or complete: “acts committed with the intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, racial, ethnical, or religious group, as such” (Kiernan 10) From 149 to 146 B.C, the Romans attacked the city of Carthage killing thousands of Carthaginians and destroying the city. Similarly from 1636-1638, the English attacked the Pequot’s killing hundreds, dramatically depleting the tribes population. The English and Romans shared similar interests and reasoning for concurring the Pequot’s and Carthaginians. Reasons such as economic gain, and the desire for complete power played a part, yet some differences include magnitude of war, leadership, and technology. The English had trouble in the field of trade because the Pequot had control of the fur trade giving them economic dominance. The English wanted economic dominance in the area for obvious reasons however, so did the Pequot’s, to keep their dominance the Pequot murdered several English traders but, the most well-known killing was the murder of an …show more content…
In the Pequot war, “About 1,000 – 1,500 Pequots are thought to have been killed in the subsequent year of war”. (P.234) Mason wrote “The Pequots, were utterly destroyed, to the Number of six or seven hundred in just over one hour”. (P.231) The Pequot population was truly devastated at the end of 1638 it was estimated that “fewer than 500 Pequot males had survived, and only 1,500 – 2,000 women and children had survived”. (P.234) The English spared no one killing any and every Pequot they could. In terms of quantity the Romans left a more deadly aftermath following their policy of “extreme violence” (P.51) This caused “The population of 200,000 to 400,000 citizens, at least 145,000 Carthaginians were killed and 55,000 taken as slaves”.
Samuel Mongeau’s informative lecture about eels covered topics of the benefits and usage of eels in Canadian society during the 16th century. Furthermore, Mongeau presents his lecture with a personal but wide viewpoint on the significance of eels to Canadian history.
For instance, the Europeans had no good intentions towards the Beothuk they had slightest significance for their wellbeing. To exemplify the point of view, there is a piece of evidence that contributes to how they did not regard the Beothuks wellbeing, “If an Indian is discovered he is shot at exactly as a fox or a bear…" this statement comes from a published report by James P. Howley and from the report "The Beothuk, or Red Indians: The Aboriginal inhabitants of Newfoundland" . To furthermore illustrate the perspective, the Europeans had brought a small but crucial disease to the Beothuk as they came in as settlers, in addition to the remark a sample of evidence is given, “...Consumption, a disease which seems to have been remarkably prevalent among her tribe..” the following sample too,"..which has unfortunately been
Samuel de Champlain was very interested in the beaver skins. With the success of trading system, the French were able to make lots of daily supplies by it. The Indians were satisfied as well because the trade made them wealthy and powerful. In the meantime, Samuel wanted to spread Christianity after exploring the “complex and fascinated”
When Europeans encountered the Native Americans, the encounter was fraught with difficulties for both sides, for the Native Americans more so than the Europeans. Europeans conquered the Native Americans, forced them into labor, and spread diseases which the Native Americans had no resistance to. In addition to this the Europeans considered themselves superior to the Native Americans. Despite this, the Europeans and Native Americans, both had things the other wanted and so they often engaged in trade with each other. However, the Native Americans thought that, despite not having the luxuries the Europeans had, they were better off than the Europeans. This sentiment is exemplified in “Your People Live Only Upon Cod” by French priest Chrestian LeClerq who was traveling with the Micmac Indians. It is a documented response by an unknown Micmac leader to European, particularly French, claims of superiority. In analyzing this document, we will find that the cultures of the French and the Micmac were vastly different. We will also discover what the Micmac and the French thought of each other.
The relationship between the English and the Native Americans in 1600 to 1700 is one of the most fluctuating and the most profound relationships in American history. On the one side of the picture, the harmony between Wampanoag and Puritans even inspires them to celebrate “first Thanksgiving”; while, by contrast, the conflicts between the Pequots and the English urge them to antagonize each other, and even wage a war. In addition, the mystery of why the European settlers, including English, become the dominant power in American world, instead of the indigenous people, or Indians, can be solved from the examination of the relationship. In a variety of ways, the relationship drastically alters how people think about and relate to the aborigines. Politically, the relationship changes to establish the supremacy of the English; the English intends to obtain the land and rules over it. Socially, the relationship changes to present the majority of the English settlers; the dominating population is mostly the English settlers. Economically, the relationship changes to obtain the benefit of the English settlers; they gain profit from the massive resource in America. Therefore, the relationship does, in fact, change to foreshadow the discordance of the two groups of people.
“New France was not merely the settlement of a few fur traders.” The Acadians were “a pastoral-like people who once formed a proud nation in a land called Acadia.” Although falling under the jurisdiction of “New France,” the Acadians governed separately than the rest of the country and were an independent entity within New France. Today, “the Acadians are the French speaking population of the Canadian Maritime provinces,” and these are the Acadians that were not displaced during the expulsions, under British rule. Acadia’s beginnings, with the construction of Port Royal, could have marked the colony for success, but instead, led to a troubling conclusion for the European descendents. Through failed leadership, two
This was due to past aggressions by the Pequots and to the influence of Roger Williams. While the Narragansett, and many smaller tribes remained netural, the Mohegan sided with the English and fought the Pequots.” (The Society of the Colonial Wars in the State of Connecticut 2011, paragraph 14). On May 26, 1637, the Pequot village was destroyed and over 500 Indians were killed. The remaining few that survived fled to other villages, and the Pequot leader had been killed. History states, “On June 5, Captain Mason attacked another Pequot village, this one near present-day Stonington, and again the Indian inhabitants were defeated and massacred. On July 28, a third attack and massacre occurred near present-day Fairfield, and the Pequot War came to an end.” (History 2017, paragraph 3).
The Pequot War was the first brutal war on the North American continent, and the first war fought between the Native Americans and the English settlers. The whole war began, because the Englishmen, like always, became greedy and wanted more land and more profitable trade. The homeland of the Pequot tribe, was modern day Connecticut. The tribe had an estimated population of 2,200 members, and they based their everyday lives off of maize, hunting, and even fishing (Pequot, 2012). For a period of time, the English settlers and the Native American tribe lived peacefully with a fair-trading system and they helped each other, but that did not last long. One reason for the Englishmen coming to the North American continent, was to spread the faith of Christianity. Believing that God had given the English settlers the right to settle in the new-found land, they saw great opportunities to convert the “savages” to their Christian ways (Pequot, 2012). The English settlers began invading the Pequot’s territory, and almost completely pushed them off of their land. “There were disputes over property, livestock damaging Indian crops, hunting, the selling of alcohol to Indians, and dishonest traders” (1636- The Pequot War, n.d.). Not only did the Pequot’s have issues with the English settlers, they were always on bad terms with the Narragansett tribe as well. The tribe separated into two parts, the “pro-English and pro-Dutch” (Colonialwarsct.org). This event made the Indians very weak,
Many genocides have occurred around the world throughout history. One well known achieved genocide was the Spanish versus the Aztecs. Cortez and his Spanish crew sailed east to new lands we now know as Mexico. Similar to how the Europeans came over to Canada, there were native people already living on the land. However, the Spanish saw the Aztecs as merely an obstacle on their search for resources, and riches. Aztec way of life was seen as savage, and inhumane. Moreover, this civilization was a complex, functioning system; a system the Spanish did not understand. They tried to convert this nation to the Christian faith; failing, the Spanish took a different route. If they could kill off the Aztec civilization then all the riches, and land would be there’s. This was an attempt at mass genocide. Furthermore, Cortex and his men tried to attack the Aztecs, killing them off that way, but failing to achieve that, they cut off all access to food, and water. This act weakened the nation, lowering their numbers greatly. The lack of respect for the Aztec culture, and their lust for power, drove the Spaniards to wipe out the civilization prospering in Tenochtitlan. With the loss of food, and water, disease killed many of the Aztecs, allowing the Spanish to later return with allies, and conquer the nation. How was the Canadian government’s actions much different from Cortez’s? Genocide, whether cultural or not is still a mass murder of a nation; their culture, language, way of life, or life
The resulting white, indian conflicts often took a particularly brutal turn and ultimately resulted in the near -de- struction of the indigenous peoples.Warfare between Europeans and Indians was common in the seventeenth century.In 1622 the Powhatan confederacy nearly wiped out the struggling Jamestown colony.In New England Puritan forces annihilated the Pequot’s in 1636-1637, a campaign whose intensity seemed to foreshadowing the future.
To better understand the conflict between the Europeans and the Native Americans, one must closely examine the state of Europe’s economy at the time. Europe struggled with difficult conditions. This included poverty, violence and diseases like typhus, smallpox, influenza and measles. There were widespread famines which caused the prices of products to vary and made life very difficult in Europe. Street crimes and violence were prevalent in cities: “Other eruption of bizarre torture, murder, and ritual cannibalism were not uncommon”.2 Europeans
The process of colonization in the Americas was a complex and complicated series of events, each driven by the varied interests of an array of European empires. For some, the Americas were a world of untold riches, while for others, this discovery allowed for missionary efforts to convert Native Americans to their faith. Regardless of the reason, violence against the many Native Americans who inhabited this “new land” was a common colonization tool to achieve these means. Direct violence is the most well-known approach, one that Spain wielded so effectively that the Black Legend was created to attest to their cruelty. Yet, the violence used was not all direct in nature. Cultural violence, which England employed itself, was used just as often. Overall, though the Black Legend has led to Spain being viewed as the most violent colonizer in the Americas, England’s use of indirect violence through engagement in the fur trade and missionary efforts was just as destructive to Native Americans.
A calamitous result of contact between the Indigenous North Americans and the European colonists was the massacre of many innocents and the frontier wars which caused heavy damage and losses on both sides. The
Fur trade between the French and Indians began with the exchange of small items the Indians didn’t have, though it became an important trade source for all of Europe, especially by Samuel de Champlain
Aboriginal women had occupied an essential position in the fur trade of the North American region from its birth during the 17th and 18th centuries. Even though this is true, the role of women, especially those of the Native American society, has been ignored a great deal in the entire history of fur trade. Contrary to the belief that the whole fur trade activity was only male-dominated, it very much depended upon Native women and their participation and labor in order to ensure survival as well as economic success. This paper will attempt to illuminate how Native women played the role as important producers when it comes to fur trade of the American Plains and, of course, the Canadian region. This paper will also deal with the two