Name: Jennifer Kressel Points: _____/15
Research Report Analysis and Critique
ATTACH A COPY OF THE ARTICLE TO THIS FORM.
Author: Mollie Galloway, Jerusha Conner, and Denise Pope
Title: Nonacademic Effects of Homework in Privileged, High-Performing High Schools
Source: The Journal of Experimental Education
Galloway, M., Conner, J., & Pope, D. (2013). Nonacademic effects of homework in privileged, high-performing high schools. The Journal of Experimental Education, 81(4), 490-510. doi:10.1080/00220973.2012.745469
Researcher(s):
____ Classroom teacher(s)
__x__ University-based researcher(s)
____ Other: ____________________________________
Data
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491)
____ Stated, but not as a question (p. ____)
____ Implied _____/2 Pts. Participants and Setting: Who were the participants? What was the setting? Why were they chosen?
The study was based on surveying a sample of 4,713 students at 10 high schools in the San Francisco Bay area. The subjects came from high-performing high schools in upper middle class communities.
• four public
• six private
According to Galloway, Conner, and Pope (2013), “All of the schools in [the] study were college preparatory schools in advantaged, upper middle class communities and had elected to participate in the study as part of the larger research and intervention project” (495).
_____ /3 Pts. Data Collection: What data were collected? Comment on the “trustworthiness” of the data (e.g., Do the participants talk as “real” second-graders do?) and the “doability” of data collection (e.g., How difficult would it be for you to collect this data?).
The student survey included Likert-type and open-ended questions. Likert-type questions assessed students’ self-reported homework load and perceptions of homework load, well-being (stress over schoolwork, performance anxiety, physical health, sleep behavior, and time for outside activities), behavioral engagement, and enjoyment of schoolwork.The open-ended questions were posed in the middle of the survey,
The Data Collected:
Nightly homework hours (by Grade and Gender)
• On average, students reported spending 3.11 hr. per
They were given a survey comparing many different factors using a 6-point likert scale, which is a series of six boxes with the first being a strongly disagree to the last being a strongly agree. They were asked questions about who influenced them, parental influence and pressure, their socialization, how often they trained or had sporting events, their need for academic support, financial aid, stress level and various other topics. The test concluded that the main stress point to do well in school was parental pressure. “The highest mean score is for parental pressure at 4.55. This is followed by support systems and socialization (both 4.15)” (Chuan et al. 16). This was the most consistent among both male and female test takers; however, females tended to show a stronger desire to do well academically. According to the test results, the authors were also able to deduce that sports participants typically got lower grades than students that did not participate in sports.
Having too much homework causes students large amounts of stress and lack of sleep that can cause health problems. On a survey that Stanford researchers tested on 4317 students, fifty-six percent of the students considered homework a primary source of stress, forty-three percent of the students viewed tests as a primary stressor, thirty-three percent put pressure to get good grades in that category (Parker). Less than one percent of the students said that homework was not a stressor (Parker). That means that about 4273 students considered homeword a stressor, while less than 50 out of 4317 students believed homework to not be a stressor. Out of the students surveyed, the average amount of homework was three hours and six minutes of homework (Greicius). The large amount of homework causes large amounts of stress, but it also causes sleep deprivation and other health problems such as headaches, exhaustion, sleep deprivation,
First of all, homework is a big stressor to many students. According to Stanford News, “Researchers used survey data to examine perceptions about homework…$4,317 students from a high-performing high schools in upper-middle-class California communities. 56% of the students, consider homework a primary source of stress, according to the survey data. 43% viewed tests as a primary stressor, while 33% put the pressure to get good grade in that category. Less than 1% of the students said homework was not a stressor. This is important because it proves that
The study design included a sample of 80 high schools and 52 middle schools with an unequal probability of selection, ensuring representativeness with regard to region of country, urban city, school size, school type, and ethnicity. The sample has been followed through adolescence and early adulthood (with ongoing data collection). More than 20,000 students participated in the first wave of data between years 1994 and 1995.1 Approximately 15,700
The clinical problem being examined in the research study is the way in which nurses obtain consent prior to administering nursing care procedures, and the way nurses manage patients who refuse any nursing care procedures. By stating that nurses “do not
This is valuable because if students are skipping school because they do not want to attend class, feel it necessary to stay home to finish their homework or sleep in after staying up too late to complete their homework the night before, or they simply feel unmotivated to attend; this speaks to the nature of anxiety in student culture within high school at large. Further, it reveals what kind of environment society has created and fostered for American youth to mature in. Prior to the survey, I acquired access through an associate principal to student data records of attendance. This data provided an average rate of attendance for the school population over the first 3 six-week grading periods. Of this population, I was able to identify through the survey, the proportion of students who missed due to stress. In addition to this numerical evidence, students were required to select particular classes that overwhelm them or heighten their stress. This is critical to results since it impacts the classes that influence those stressors, and the nature of these classes can speak directly to the nature of the issue. The survey then evaluated each student's overall satisfaction with their high school
High school students feel more stress than working adults, and children are beginning to feel aversion towards learning. Both adolescents and children are at risk of health issues due to anxiety and less time is spent with family, playing, and sleeping. The cause for all of this is too much homework that is suffocating students. Homework causes students to sleep less, have more stress, and even forces students to give up extracurricular activities. These negative results can be improved by reducing the homework load.
Based on income and occupation, socioeconomic status refers to family’s social and economic status compared to others in society. Many researchers have found out that students from different socioeconomic status would have the disparity of academic performance. And the gap in academic achievement caused by socioeconomic status exists in every state in the USA. In addition, over the past 40 years, the family income inequality has increased, together with the increasing gaps in academic achievement. (Duncan, 2014) Moreover, as socioeconomic status affects the educational outcome, students who drop out of school are more likely to cause social deviance like juvenile delinquency. By examining dropout rate and language processing speed, it becomes evident that lower SES students tend to have worse academic achievement than higher SES students.
Most of the homework adolescents tend to receive from their teachers is busy work, and children and family agree this is not fair to them. This issue is affecting adolescents, parents, and families. When students are overloaded with responsibilities from schoolwork, their participation in extracurricular and social activities decreases. An argument over homework might seem trivial, but there are many negative effects on children who are attending school and go through this pressure.
Improving patient satisfaction has been the forefront of nursing for the past decade. Many studies have been executed to assess practice and procedures that will improve patient satisfaction and patient safety. Nursing leadership and bedside nursing staff play a pivotal role in transforming bedside nursing. A critical appraisal was conducted in Australia by Gardner, Woollett, Daly, & Richardson, (2009) on measuring the effect of patient comfort rounds on practice environment and patient satisfaction: a pilot study. This research aimed to test the effect of a model of practice that enhanced the role
A longitudinal analysis of NAEP data by the Brookings Institution’s Tom Loveless in 2014 found that more 9-year-olds were regularly doing homework than their parents' generation: In 1984, 35% of students reported no homework the previous night. By 2012, that had shrunk to 22%. But the share of 9-year-olds reporting an hour or more of homework was also down by two percentage points in that same period, from 19% to 17%. The percentage reporting less than an hour of homework had risen from 41% to 57%. Loveless also found that 27% of 17-year-olds reported having no homework. And the share of 17-year-olds who spent more than two hours a night on homework remained unchanged at 13%. This shows that a lot of students are having homework. Kirkwood High School was trying an experiment for the sake of student and teacher mental health. Some schools across the country have already tried discarding homework, and many reports success and positive feedback from students and
Requirements for this study were completed by 777 participants, from 13 colleges and two high schools. Participation began by collecting baseline measures, high school GPA and standardized test
This paper critiques “Patient Education in Rural Community Hospitals: Registered Nurses ' Attitudes and Degrees of Comfort” (Jones, 2010). The study’s purpose, the author stated, was to look at how certain variables affected registered nurses’ attitudes toward and comfort with educating their patients (p. 43). Jones also said that one aspect of the research’s purpose was to check how attitudes affected how information was transmitted to patients by nurses, though in reality, the study actually measured whether the variables Jones measured—not attitude—affected how frequently nurses taught patients (p. 45). The author notes that the study’s purpose was limited to nurses working directly with patients in a rural and acute health care environment; only nurses in that situation were surveyed (p. 43).
After careful review of this article, I came to the conclusion that the authors did present a very well-balanced summary based on the current knowledge about schizophrenia. It did not appear that there were any hidden issues, ethical or not, and it did not appear that there was any bias in the article.
Stress and anxiety in students is mainly caused by homework (Galloway 3). Excessive Homework can cause a variety of health problems and “Studies that have explored the relation between homework and well-being indicate that number of hours of homework is negatively associated with psychological well-being, physical health symptoms, and sleep.” and these health issues can be very detrimental to students (Galloway 4). According to Galloway a “study of 1,457 students…found that academic demands [were the main reason] students gave for their sleep-deprivation.” and a lack of sleep can be detrimental to learning and engagement in school. A study of Australian high school students showed that doing more homework led to “more mood disturbance (…and fatigue) (Galloway 4). More time spent doing homework, the