Semantic Web : How The Machine Can Be More Intelligent When Accessing Web Data

The first versions of WWW ((what most people call “The Web”))) provide means for people around the world to exchange information between, to work together, to communicate, and to share documentation more efficiently. Tim Berners-Lee wrote the first browser (called WWW browser) and Web server in March 1991, allowing hypertext documents to be stored, fetched, and viewed. The Web can be seen as a tremendous document store where these documents (web pages) can be fetched by typing their address into a web browser. To do that, two im- portant techniques have been developed. First, a language called Hypertext Markup Languag (HTML) tells the computers how to display documents which contain texts, photos, sounds, visuals (video), and animation, interactive

The semantic web is a vision created and promoted by Tim-Berners-Lee and the World Wide Web Consortium. In his article the Semantic Web in Scientific American (2001) Berners-Lee explains that The Semantic Web is not a separate Web but an extension of the current one, in which information is given well-defined meaning, better enabling computers and people to work in cooperation What Berners-Lee means by this is that in its current state, internet technology is not designed in a way in which computers and machines can interact with each other most efficiently. The primary reason for this disconnect is

The six levels of interoperability are listed based on the conceptual interoperability model. Level 0 is described as standalone system where there is absence of interoperability. Level 1 is described as technical interoperability wherein there is existence of a communication infrastructure for interchange of bits and bytes of information. Level 2 is syntactic interoperability in which there is application of a common data format for interchange of information but interpretation of meaning of data is not provided. Level 3 is semantic interoperability which includes the exchange of meaning of data. Level 4 is pragmatic interoperability wherein the interoperating systems are acquainted with the employed procedures. Level 5 is dynamic interoperability which is the ability to understand the changes in assumptions and constraints made by each other with increasing time. Level 6 is conceptual interoperability which includes documentation on the basis of engineering methods and assessment and interpretation by engineers.

Agent Communication Language (ACL) was implemented to ensure interoperability in the communication among AIDA’s various agents. To facilitate user interactions, a web user interface known as web controller was developed. Based on these methodologies, AIDA allows for users to: have better control over the individual agents that make up the greater system, create and register new agents either locally or remotely, enable or disable services by launching or stopping the related agent, schedule and reschedule the activities of agents, and monitor agent activity in real time (Cardoso et al.,

Linked Data which works as the framework behind the Semantic Web, an idea developed by Tim Berners-Lee, the inventor of World Wide Web, aims at revolving the Internet into one large database instead of simply distinct collection of data. Today, where internet has been the first choice for the users to look for information, libraries should seize the advantage of the concept behind Linked Data. By attempting to make their resources available on the web, libraries can bring back their users because of the allure of the high quality and authoritative resources owned by the libraries.

I agree, semantic interoperability is critical for clinical data, the information must remain the same. Semantic interoperability would help improve the view of data, such with drug data, lab data, leveraging patient’s data and etc. It will provide precise and reliable communication among computers.

(King-Lup Liu, 2001) Given countless motors on the Internet, it is troublesome for a man to figure out which web search tools could serve his/her data needs. A typical arrangement is to build a metasearch motor on top of the web indexes. After accepting a client question, the metasearch motor sends it to those fundamental web indexes which are liable to give back the craved archives for the inquiry. The determination calculation utilized by a metasearch motor to figure out if a web index ought to be sent the inquiry ordinarily settles on the choice in light of the web search tool agent, which contains trademark data about the database of a web search tool. Be that as it may, a hidden web index may not will to give the required data to the metasearch motor. This paper demonstrates that the required data can be evaluated from an uncooperative web crawler with great exactness. Two bits of data which license precise web crawler determination are the quantity of reports filed by the web index and the greatest weight of every term. In this paper, we display systems for the estimation of these two bits of data.

The knowledge base consists of information regarding the user behavior and ADL that include self-care tasks, household duties, and personal management actions. It specifies the task to be carried out and the actions to be performed. The relational database presents a natural association between the two elements of the decision support system, and the use of the database to additionally represent a novel approach to knowledge engineering (KE) for planning.

The World Wide Web (WWW or W3) is an interlinked system of information documents that is accessed via internet. The Web is maintained by World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), an international community that along with its affiliated organizations and other members work together to develop the standards of the Web. These W3C standards define an Open Web Platform to enable developers build interactive experiences, powered by vast data stores. In addition to the classic “Web of documents” W3C is helping to develop a technology to support a “Web of data” and that is Semantic Web.

The World Wide Web is established on numerous different technologies that make it possible for users to find and share data through the internet. For example there are Web browsers, HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol) and HTML (hypertext Markup language).

The second generation of the World Wide Web is Web 2.0. The second generation of the web is focused on user needs as an element in sharing information online. Web 2.0 allows for communication between users via a bandwidth of connectivity, the pages which are created within this 2nd generation of the web are created with dynamic HTML. There are many ways in which

Made out of Web locales interconnected by hyperlinks, the World Wide Web can be seen as an enormous yet tumultuous wellspring of data. For choice making numerous business applications need to rely on upon web keeping in mind the end goal to total data from various sites. Programmed information extraction assumes an essential part in preparing results gave via internet searchers in the wake of presenting the question by client. presently days "site" has begun keeping more significance to our life. without which it is hard to oblige even one day .so it has turned into the need that the site ought to be more enlightening and alluring . be that as it may, the sites are created and just grew purposely or unwittingly

The Jakob Nielson’s 2nd heuristic is the match between system and the real world. The system should speak the user’s language, with words, phrases, and concepts for users, rather than system-oriented terms. Follow real world conventions, making information appear in a natural and logical order (Nielson, 1995). The paper we will introduce three interactive items correlating between the system and the real world. Applying Neilson’s 2nd heuristic with the three interactive items will assist the user with the understanding of the language, vocabulary, and concepts that the user can apply to real world. In addition, the users can apply this to real events in order to interact with the system itself

Nevertheless, it has obtained gigantic awareness best in the up to date years [41-58, 60-64]. Targeted crawlers avoid the crawling method on a certain set of issues that characterize a narrow area of the online. A focused or a topical internet crawler makes an attempt to download websites critical to a suite of pre-outlined subject matters. Hyperlink context varieties and most important part of web headquartered understanding retrieval assignment. Topical crawlers follow the hyperlinked constitution of the online making use of the supply of understanding to direct themselves towards topically relevant pages. For deriving the proper expertise, they mine the contents of pages which are already fetched to prioritize the fetching of unvisited pages. Topical crawlers depend especially on contextual understanding. This is considering that topical crawlers need to predict the advantage of downloading unvisited pages based on the understanding derived from pages that have been downloaded. One of the vital fashioned predictors is the anchor textual content of the hyperlinks [59]. The area targeted search engines like google and yahoo use these targeted crawlers to download selected

When Semantic Web agents query each other, they could use SOAP (though a direct encoding into an HTTP URI may also be effective).