Similarities and Differences in the Jia Vessels of the Shang and Zhou Dynasties

China during the classical period, a span of time stretching from 1000 B.C.E.-500 C.E., was ruled by many families, each having their own dynasty. The very first dynasty of this period was the Zhou, coming into power after overthrowing the Shang. The last Shang emperor, Di Xin, had essentially abandoned matters of the state in favor of hedonistic activities, using tax money to fund them and therefore becoming very unpopular. This caused the Zhou uprising which led to the establishment of the Mandate of Heaven, a concept that not only allowed the Zhou to gain and maintain cultural power of the Chinese people, but led to widespread notions in Chinese society of the validity of autocracy and a need for extremely centralized government that would

Selections from the Shu Jing (The Classic of History) (6th Cent. BC) is a document that was written by the Confucius. The classic of history is one of the Confucian classics, and it's was written during the Zhou era when Yi yin looked forward in constructing a young king into a better king with knowledge of the mandate of heaven the mandate of Heaven. The article is about the emperors who had different techniques of dealing the situations and showing their care for the people of the dynasty. For example, the first Xia's king was generous and kind to people while the king of Shang was cruel to his people. Besides, it's about how the mandate of heaven began back then and how people become to know about the mandate of

Throughout pre-unification China, the Mandate of Heaven was used as a justification in the acquisition and eradication of dynasties. The Mandate of Heaven, the idea that a ruler reigned only with the blessing of the heavens, was seen as a way to legitimize a dynasty and its ruler. Although it may seem as if a heavenly mandate gives a ruler absolute power, this is actually not the case. Instead, Mencius, a philosopher who emphasizes benevolent governance, asserts that a ruler can both acquire and lose the heavenly mandate based on his behavior and the treatment of his subjects. If a ruler is not equitable, in other words, the Mandate of Heaven can be withdrawn and bestowed upon a more qualified ruler. Thus, although the mandate sounds

The Mandate of Heaven transfered its amndate to rule China. This is wht the Zhou rulers claimed direct links to the Shang rule. It was an imperial rulefrom the Zhou onward. As a result, emperors lived in a world full of awe inspiring pomp and ceremony. This connect to simularities today because instead of the Mndate og Heaven, we now have elections to choose ouir next "ruler". In addition to another develpoment, the Zhou Dynasty discouraged religions, human sacrafices, and ceremonies to worship gods. Thay all did this because it provided a greater cultural unoty in their empire. In that eveny, the larest speaking group of peoplr poke that same launguage and all wrote the saem. There is no direct continuity fom that. One more additon from the Zhou Dynasty is that it promothed linguistoc unity. They began a process of everyone speaking the same laugage and everyone writing the same. This writibng system was known as the Mandrid. In consequence, increasimg cultursl unty, the Zhou empire began to fail due to political confusion. The relationship from tis concept relates to modern day because English is the 1st known writing system and language ther

Hung Liu's paintings are of photographs. She paints from them because she wants to set free the messages that are locked inside the photograph. In Liu's painting Virgin/Vessel the woman's feet are disfigured because of foot binding. Chinese women did this in attempt to raise their status. They were unable to walk and forced into prostitution. The women became a sexual vessel and there was one in front of the girl in the painting. This shows the isolation and vulnerability. In Liu's Three Fujins, The women are shown with birdcages in front of them with represents the women's spiritual captivity. Their pose is uniform and shows that they have given in to the forces of the rulers in their time period. They did this in order to fit into the roles

Furthermore, on the roof form, the column- beam- and- strut also permits several roof styles. First is ‘Zuanjian’, pyramid- shaped roof. The other one is ‘Wudian’, a hipped roof, and ‘Xieshan’, a combination hip-gable. These three types of roof have two adjacent slopes that meet above each of four corners at forty-five-degree angles. However, another most outstanding Chinese traditional characteristic, through stylistic, is ‘Dougong’, a combination of block and supporting arm. Dougong has been use ever since Han Dynasty, fifth century B.C. to third century A.D, and developed itself to reached peak point in Tang and Song dynasty, from seventh to thirteen centuries. More importantly, it preserved the structural integrity of the wooden framework, functioning the collar beam in modern architecture. Dougong gradually shrank in size and lost its important as a structural member to become a stylized traditional decorative, in Ming and Qing Dynasties. By the use of dougong, it demonstrates a progress in the beginning as the technical standard then reached the apex point, and finally turned down to an insignificant role as a stylistic element. Another example of architectural development in style during Ming and Qing Dynasties is the garden element. The landscape garden design has gone through a long historic phase of development. The garden evolved into two types, royal and private gardens. The private garden served to the residences for enjoyment, relaxation, and living

Despite being the shortest ruling dynasty at fifteen years, the Qin dynasty served a vital role in the development of China’s civilization (51). The Qin dynasty was prefaced by a period of instability caused by an ineffective political system and war between several regions all vying to overtake the others. After the Qin kingdom rose as the victor, King Cheng established for himself the title of Shi huangdi, or emperor, and looked to create a political system that would prevent the empire from fragmenting again. To achieve such a centralized government, Shi Huangdi sacrificed his people’s intellectual freedom and lives and produced a connected and standardized China, whose efficiency and strength still impacts the vision

The Next piece is an image form Guo Xi who was a master from the Northern

The first source; “Chinese title” ("The Contrast of Enfeoffment System between Eastern Zhou and Early Han") is an insightful thesis written by Xuzhi Shang in 2015. Her analysis reviews all different outcomes created by the governments in two separate dynasties. Shang is an associate professor of Tianjin Polytechnic University, teaching law and political courses. She received her doctor degree in political science and has published many theses on major historical journals, including the aforementioned. Her substantial education proves her credibility on the preceding topic, and that she is a reliable author. Besides her education, Xushi is also highly acclaimed on her achievement in law study, thus, this may have shifted the focus of her research. The purpose of this source is to compare and differentiate the utilization of this unique system in three distinctive methods for both dynasties: background, consequences, and influence. The value of the source originates from the arguments the author made between the Etiquette system and the Enfeoffment

Both dynasties made tools, Han being the pestle and the mortar, while the Zhou made many different forms of iron tools. Both dynasties show a support to technology as they continued to strive later and later to figure out new and better ways to make work and any other aspect of life easier. This supportive attitude towards technology reflects upon a positive outlook and creates a profound group of ideas to keep technology going from the Zhou. This can be proved because as found later on in the Han Dynasty technological innovations flourished through the period of time in their own golden age. Document 4 talks about a great leader of the Han dynasty named

Ritual Bronzes gained in popularity and importance during the Shang and Zhou dynasties (which became known as the Bronze Age in China), when bronze technology and metalworking became more complex. Bronze cups and other vessels were used for ritual sacrifices and ceremonies. Ritual bronzes during the Shang dynasty grew more intricate and larger. During the Zhou dynasty, the taotie (animal mask) motifs that were so prevalent during the Shang dynasty faded in favor of other decorations such as spikes. Ritual bronzes also came to be used to store texts and to be passed down to later

In ancient China, government is very different then most countries. Instead of presidents they have dynasty’s. A dynasty is a line of hereditary rulers of a country. The shang dynasty was responsible for the starting blocks of of chinese culture and civilization. The steadiness of the country during the Shang Dynasty led up to many cultural advances such as industrialized bronze casting, the calendar, religious rituals, and writing. The first king was Tang. He began to work for the people of

The Mingqi (standing dog) is earthenware, terracotta, or a fired clay that is porous. This type of ceramic results in an earth tone of orange and brown and the lower half of the artwork shows the original hue of the terracotta. Revealed because of deterioration, the vibrant orange creates a contrast of color to the dull green of the glaze. Terracotta can be without glaze but this Han artist finalized the work in glaze and covered the original coloration with a more impacting

Shang-Ti also regulated human affairs as well as ruling over the material universe. This dual function would, in the Chou dynasty, be attributed to a more abstract figure, "t'ien," or "Heaven." The Shang also believed that their ancestors dwelled in heaven after their death and continued to show an interest in their familiy and descendants. The obligations within the family included, therefore, the ancestors. Failing in one's duties to the ancestors could bring all sorts of disaster on a family. All of these divine and semi-divine figures, from Shang-Ti to a family's ancestors, were sacrificed to. However, we know little of the nature or the frequency of these sacrifices. We do know, however, that in the Chou dynasty only the king could sacrifice to Shang-Ti; it is highly likely that Shang-Ti was the "local god" of the Shang kings who was subsequently elevated in order to elevate the Shang themselves. The one disturbing fact of Shang sacrifice is that it certainly involved humans; slaves and prisoners of war were often sacrificed by the hundreds when a king died. Lesser numbers were sacrificed at the founding of a palace or temple. F. Major reasons for decline and fall: 2. Chou: dynasty (1122-221 B.C.) that ruled ancient china from almost a thousand years establishing a distinctive political and cultural characteristics which would be identified with China for the next 2,000 years. A. Reason's for Rise: B. Territorial Location & size

shoulders that evoke a sense of bulkiness compare with North Qi Dynasty and North Zhou Dynasty.