Speech and language delays can be problematic for preschoolers, school aged children and adolescents. These delays range in degree of severity and have many causes; physical and developmentally. Communication plays a specific and important role to all people, especially, preschool children who are developing speech and language skills at fast rate. The consequences of these delays can be devastating for the children affected and can follow them into adulthood. These effects may include academic problems, social and emotional issues and may even lead into mental illness. Children with speech and language delays need professional intervention as young as possible. However even with intervention, some children are still at risk of suffering …show more content…
3121). For example a six year old may be speaking at the norm of a four year old; all speech is in tack but development is lagging. It is noted that boys are at an increased risk of speech and language delay by three to four times more than girls (American Family Physician, 1999, pg. 3121). It is also estimated that 2% to 19% of preschoolers suffer from some sort of language deficiency (CASLPA, 2012). Phonology (the appropriate speech sounds of the language spoken) and stuttering may include 1% to 4% of defined speech issues. It is also important to note that there is a 20% to 40% risk factor of speech problems among those children with a family history (CASLPA, 2012).
Many causes can be attributed to speech and language delay, and it is important to understand the characteristics of the causes in order to help a child effectively. Although speech delay can be just that, it may indicate other issues or disorders and may be the first indicator of such (American Family Physician, 2011, pg.1183). Some causes of speech delay are mental retardation, hearing loss, developmental language delay, expressive language disorder, bilingualism, psychosocial development, elective mutism, and receptive aphasia (American Family Physician, 1999).
Mental Retardation can be caused by many different factors such as environmental (drug use during pregnancy), genetic disorders (trisomy 21 – down syndrome), trauma, and prenatal infections to name a few. Mental retardation is a major cause of
This is why it’s so important not to ignore any sign that a child’s communication development may be delayed. Some parents are advised that their child will likely “grow out of it”, and they simply wait for the child to catch up. But a “wait and see” approach can be very detrimental during this critical learning phase. Since children with delayed speech or language delays can’t participate fully during activities and conversations, they may fall even further behind if they are not provided with the help they need.
Specific language disorders, or SLI, affect approximately 7-8% of children in kindergarten. SLI are diagnosed in children, mostly, age 3 and older. The relatively late diagnosis is done to distinguish the children that have SLI from those who are simply “late talkers”. Some of the characteristics of SLI involve problem in only one area and some with problems in all areas of language. The children who are diagnosed with SLI may have a delayed vocabulary growth, disinterest in engagement in social interactions relevant to their age, difficulty in comprehension and/or production in any of the following: morphology, semantics, phonology, syntax, and pragmatics. For example, a 4.8 year old child that does not engage in social interactions
Speech, language and communication difficulties can have a profound and lasting effect on children’s lives and development. These can affect their ability to communicate and interact with others. The impact of these difficulties will vary depending on the severity of the problems, the support they receive, the demands of the child’s environment
Some children that have problems talking, may have one or multiple of these symptoms/signs, which they have trouble with:
The risk of speech and language delays for children with hearing impairment is well documented, and this risk increases with severity of hearing loss (Connor, Craig, Raudenbush, Heavner, & Zwolan, 2006). Through either hearing aids or cochlear implants, children with hearing loss are able to receive the speech input that they need for speech and language development (Dettman, Pinder, Briggs, Dowell, & Leigh, 2007; Svirsky, Teoh, & Neuburger, 2004; Tomblin et al., 2005). Many children with severe hearing loss are unable to utilize hearing aids, and are considered candidates for cochlear implantation. It is believed that there is a critical or sensitive period for speech and language learning which has many questioning if there is an effect of age of cochlear implantation in regard to speech and
The purpose of this report is to view various aspects of this particular disorder. After learning about a preschool child that is developmentally delayed, it is clear to see that speech plays a big role in their development. This report will bring to light a particular disorder that affects many children before they reach 5 years old. This disorder is considered a psychological concern, but the speech pathologist has a roll to play in the treatment of a child with this disorder. Many have been confused an unsure how the disorder is diagnosed and treated. Through some research we will learn what this disorder is, how it is treated, and how the child is affected by this within the
Speech and language development begins in utero and continues to development after a child is born. As the brain develops and is exposed to various stimuli and experiences, the infant learns about their world through exploration, social communication, and interactions with others. These interactions are the foundation to the development of speech and language skills. However, there are times when speech and language development does not follow the typical trajectory path and speech delays become apparent. Speech and language delays come in many shapes and form, but one of the most prevalent disorders is Childhood Apraxia of Speech
Speech or language impairment- is a communication disorder such a stuttering, language impairment, impaired articulation or a voice impairment that affects a child’s educational performance, some causes include hearing loss, neurological disorders, brain injury, intellectual disabilities, drug abuse and physical impairments such as a cleft lip. More than 1.1 million of the 6.1 million children with disabilities were served under the category speech or language
Language disorders in the preschool years, is when children are having trouble with understanding and talking. It was first interesting to see the symptoms underlying this disorder. For example, with understanding (receptive language), they can have difficulties with taking turns, which is something that I did not expect, since I think of it as being so minimal since so many kids can randomly do this. Also, the fact that they could even have troubles with holding a book. Which is something that I didn’t even know one would even pay attention to, when it comes to a language disorder. The causes of the language disorder are also noteworthy, since it includes causes such as low-birth weight, tumors, and even poor nutrition. It is helpful to know
The purpose of this article is to indicate the important tasks of a clinician and the challenges that continue in depicting a language disorder compared to a language due to linguistic factors that exist in a speaker of African American English. One of the biggest issues is differentiating this deficit. One of the most significant strengths identified in this article is on how many clinicians are skilled in that they identify language delays or language in children. However, it continues to be incomprehensible the language differences as compared to the language pathology in children who do speak AAE. As strength, research says that there has been an increase of AAE features with ages 3 and 5 years old. One of the weaknesses is how clinicians
Language delay in toddlers should by no means be confused with speech disorder or language disorder. Speech disorder is when one’s child is incapable of sounds pronunciation in words. Different letters have unique ways in which they sound and a child with speech disorder finds it almost impossible to achieve communication by speech as their speech is next to impossible to understand.
Children, while developing their speech and communication skills, are often hard to understand; however, having a speech disorder, such as a stutter, on top of that may make it near impossible for anyone to understand what that child is struggling to say. Stuttering is just one of the many speech disorders that make children’s speech even harder to understand. Even sentences that might be a basic sentence to say might come out muffled, broken up, or distorted in some other way, if a child has a stutter or another speech deficiency. A speech-language pathologist is a professional, whose job it is to help correct and make these disorders less noticeable. Speech-language pathologists work closely with both kids and adults to help them to
Practicing Speech Language Pathologist are constantly looking for effective ways to solve parent concerns. Exploring the best practices a clinician should consider when providing intervention for children who are late talkers is a constant premise for research. Late talkers are characterized as children with limited expressive language abilities at an early age with no other known etiologies (Kouri, 2005). Roughly 15% of children by age 2 show signs of different developmental language impairments (Roberts, Kaiser, Wolfe, Bryant, & Spidalieri, 2014). Hall and Elliman states that a “primary language delay remains one of the most prevalent developmental delays in early childhood, particularly in disadvantaged areas” (as cited in Gibbard & Smith, 2016).
A phonological disorder is when a child has a problem with producing sound that is needed for the child to speak. Children with phonological disorder can have problems controlling their rate of speech and can fall behind when learning certain sounds. 2 to 3 year old
Medline Plus (2012) says, “Speech disorders refer to several conditions in which a person has problems creating or forming the speech sounds needed to communicate with others. Three common speech disorders are: articulation disorders, disfluency, and voice disorders. Speech disorders are different from language disorder in children, such as: getting their meaning or message across to others, understanding the message coming from others” (Zieve). Also, Medline Plus says, “Language disorder in children refers to problems with either: getting their meaning or message across to others (expressive language disorder), or understanding the message coming from others (receptive language disorder). Some