Spinal Anesthesia

In the summer of 1969 Dr. Moore, a board-certified obstetrics and gynecology doctor, administered a spinal anesthetic to a patient (Showalter, 2017). However, Dr. Moore did not follow the typical

A physician with a wealth of experience in the fields of anesthesiology and pain management, Dr. Daniel Kendall has served as an interventional pain medicine specialist with National Spine and Pain Centers for 17 years. He treats patients out of National Spine and Pain’s Arlington location near his home town of Vienna, Virginia. Before assuming his current position, Dr. Daniel Kendall served as chief fellow of pain management at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland. His experience with Johns Hopkins included training in advanced modalities such as sympathetic blocks, vertebroplasty, intrathecal pumps, IDET, radiofrequency ablation, and spinal cord stimulation.

Learning about the potential complications of epidural reinforced my knowledge in being able to choose the right anaesthetic monitoring equipment. Knowing that Spinal and epidural anaesthesia can cause unpredictable and profound arterial hypotension necessitate the use of adequate monitoring like the; Pulse oximetry, ECG and Blood pressure cuff. This knowledge will help me to be able to select appropriate monitoring devices during epidural catheter insertion. Also it goes without saying that an epidural must be performed in a work area that is equipped for airway management and resuscitation.

Different types of anesthetics can be used for different scenarios and part of an anesthesiologist’s job is to identify

Anesthetics are used to control a number of critical functions during surgery including inducing a balanced state of unconsciousness, managing the sensation of pain, causing temporary paralysis of skeletal muscle and slowing of the bodies autonomic responses thereby allowing the surgical team to complete increasingly long, difficult and invasive procedures with minimal discomfort to the patient and limited risk of post surgical

Anesthesia is the pain reliever to people who have a chronic pain to those who need to get their wisdom

Given her long term dialysis, anesthesia was consulted for pre-operative assessment. She was determined to be ASA class 3. She had good functional capacity stating she can climb 3 flights of stairs. In addition to her screening for transplant, anesthesia discussed the risks, mortality, and morbidity associated with induction of anesthesia.

In a systematic review performed by Liu et al. [4], the usefulness of this analgesic method was confi rmed during several painful surgical procedures, such as thoracic, cardiac, gynecological, or spinal surgeries. Th e success of this technique may be related to the nature of surgery and also to the level

Intraneural injection is a risk associated with regional anesthesia and has the potential to cause peripheral nerve injury. Therefore, anesthesia providers elicit the use of diagnostic technologies to avoid such an occurrence. Until the early 1990’s, nerve stimulation was the preferred technique for performing regional anesthesia, although this is a blind method that is solely reliant on motor feedback. However, with the introduction of ultrasound guidance, it is now possible to visualize the difference between perineural, intraneural, and intrafascicular injections and to determine their association with postoperative neurological complications (Jeng & Rosenblatt, 2011, p. 54). Today, the combined technique of ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia

The beneficial effect of the vasoconstrictor as a component of local anaesthetic carpule has been well documented. There are many types of vasoconstrictors that differ in their selectivity on receptors. In particular, adrenaline remains the most popular vasoconstrictor and it has a huge impact on the dental work in terms of the various effects it provides when used as part of the local anaesthetic. 1,10

The vertical contrast spread pattern analysis showed a significant correlation between the cephalad spreading and clinical efficacy in the ventral expansion group. As mentioned above, Desai et al. confirmed that the more level of vertebra covered by the contrast would lead to a better clinical effect [15]. More amount of medication passed into the epidural space would eventually lead to increased flow of medication into the adjacent nerve roots as well as the nerve root of target level. In concordance to this, we assume that the positive correlation between the vertical contrast extent and therapeutic effect is a reasonable phenomenon.

The main idea of the current paper is to provide a well-constructed analysis of the article titled “Meta-analysis of thoracic epidural anesthesia versus general anesthesia for cardiac surgery” written by Svircevic, van Dijk, Nierich, Passier, Kalkman, van der Heijden, and Bax in 2011. In doing so, this author attempts to validate the overall quality of the research being presented and its applicability to the nurse anesthesia practice.

Procedural sedation course is very essential in health care settings because it helps health care workers to assist while administering sedations to patients who undergo procedure. Physicians, anesthesia technicians and nurses able to evaluate and monitor patient’s condition and dose of sedation with aid of this course, they learn and understand better about this topic. In other words, they gain knowledge that helps them in their daily routine task. Sedation is performed in all hospitals in procedural area. Millions of patients undergo procedures that require moderate or deep sedation each year. Over the past decades, the number of noninvasive procedures such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Computed Tomography (CT) and Electroencephalogram (EEG) and minimally invasive procedures such as lumbar puncture, endoscopy, biopsy and etc. have increased.

2004). Several different pharmacologic agents have been used for controlled hypotension, including inhalational anesthetic agents, beta-adrenergic antagonists, calcium channel blockers, and vasodilators such as nitroglycerin and sodium nitroprusside (Rodrigo, 1995). As reported by Schaberg et al. (1976) hypotensive anesthesia decrease the reduction of blood loss volume by 44%. Dolman et al. (2000) compared hypotensive and normotensive anesthesia in mean blood loss in orthognathic surgery patients and he found that mean blood loss in patients operated under normotensive anesthesia was 270.2 ml while patients treated under hypotensive anesthesia was 120.3 ml. Praveen et al. (2001) mentioned that mean blood loss in patient operated in hypotension was 200 ml and patient under normotension was 350 ml with 44% reduction in blood loss. A systemic review done by Choi and Samman (2008) and they concluded that hypotensive anesthesia is effective in blood loss and can be justified to be used as a routine procedure for orthognathic surgery especially bimaxillary osteotomy. Ervens et al. (2010) found that average blood loss in normotensive group was 1021 ml

Central neuroaxial block offers certain advantages that have made it a worthy alternative to general anaesthesia in infraumblical surgeries. Compared to general anaesthesia central neuroaxial block is associated with advantages like less blood loss, decreased incidence of deep vein thrombosis, conscious patient with normal airway reflexes, reduced surgical stress resulting in decreased plasma catecholamines level, improved ambulation and fewer cardio respiratory complications. The most common central neuroaxial blockade is subarachnoid block.