The 1915 poetry collection, Spoon River Anthology, by Edgar Lee Masters, offers a portrait of daily life in a fictional Illinois town, Spoon River. As is evident from the poems Spoon River was an economic “boom town” which profited greatly from its proximity to rail roads and a major waterway. Regardless of its prosperity, Spoon River seems to have remained a demographically small town, and the neighbors all knew each other very well, and a clear social hierarchy formed. One of the more interesting aspects of the Spoon River Anthology is that the poems contained therein are a series of grave epitaphs that tell a story about each deceased resident. Often, graveyards themselves can serve as reminders of social hierarchies in the world of the living. Typically, only those decedents who had family members and a community who cared for them would be laid to rest in the community grave; the potter’s field and the crematorium awaited those who passed away without family, in debt, or with a criminal record. Thus, the initial assessment of the deceased within the Spoon River graveyard would be that they were
“good people” in their lives.
Indeed, many of the epitaphs depict the decedents as moral, hardworking, and decent people. However, when cross-referencing the epitaphs from each citizen, it becomes clear that the prominent members of Spoon River were incredibly corrupt in their day to day behavior. Ultimately, Masters explores ethics in Spoon River Anthology by studying the fine
“’ But this is merely a negative definition of the value of education’” (23-24). Mark Halliday wrote “The Value of Education” from a first person standpoint. The introduction and the use of “I” demonstrates the poem is about the speaker. Likewise, the speaker uses imagery, self-recognition, and his own personal thoughts throughout the poem. He goes on throughout the poem stating external confrontations he is not doing because he is in the library receiving an education and reading books. With this in mind, the speaker goes on to convey images in your head to show a realization of things he could be doing if he were not in the library getting an education.
For reasons unknown the people of Spoon River have continued to make the same mistake over, and over, and over again. The people of Spoon River have a nasty habit of sleeping with the enemy. That is to say they surround themselves with those that seek to harm them, both mentally and physically. Some examples of this sort of behavior is Loise Smith, Dora Williams, and Nellie Clark. Loise Smith for instance was dropped by her husband for another women. Dora Williams married three times before meeting her end at the hands of a lover. Nellie Clark was sexually abused at a young age, this haunted her for the
Lorna Dee Cervantes' poem, “Poema para los Californios Muertos” (“Poem for the Dead Californios”), is a commentary on what happened to the original inhabitants of California when California was still Mexico, and an address to the speaker's dead ancestors. Utilizing a unique dynamic, consistently alternating between Spanish and English, Cervantes accurately represents the fear, hatred, and humility experienced by the “Californios” through rhythm, arrangement, tone, and most importantly, through use of language.
The poem at the cemetery, walnut grove plantation, south carolina, 1989 by Lucille Clifton is a six stanza poem with many repetitions throughout the poem conveying the idea of how the slaves that worked in the walnut plantation were forgotten and not honored. The speaker of the poem, who is taking a tour around the plantation and cemetery, expressed anger throughout the poem as the tension slowly escalates ending with repetitions of “here lies”. Putting all the elements of the poem together, paradox and repetition, it perfectly articulates the underlying meaning of the poem, which is to remember and honor the dead slaves, men and women, whom worked in
In Natasha Trethewey’s poetry collection Native Guard, the reader is exposed to the story of Trethewey’s growing up in the southern United States and the tragedy which she encountered during her younger years, in addition to her experiences with prejudice and to issues surrounding prejudice within the society she is living in. Throughout this work, Trethewey often refers to graves and provides compelling imagery regarding the burial of the dead. Within Trethewey’s work, the recurring imagery surrounding graves evolves from the graves simply serving as a personal reminder of the past, to a statement on the collective memory of society and comments on how Trethewey is troubled with what society has forgotten as it signifies a willingness to overlook the dehumanization of a large group of people.
Clint Smith is a writer, teacher, and doctoral candidate in Education at Harvard University with a concentration in Culture, Institutions, and Society. Smith Clint wrote a poem called “Something You should Know.” The poem is about an early job he had in a Petsmart. The poet allows the readers into his personal life, but before he had trouble opening up to people and his work. Moreover, Clint wrote an insight in the poem about relying in anything to feel safe and he says it is the most terrifying thing any person can do.
Take a minute to imagine “Men looking like they had been/attacked repeatedly by a succession /of wild animals,” “never/ ending blasted field of corpses,” and “throats half gone, /eyes bleeding, raw meat heaped/ in piles.” These are the vividly, grotesque images Edward Mayes describes to readers in his poem, “University of Iowa Hospital, 1976.” Before even reading the poem, the title gave me a preconceived idea of what the poem might be about. “University of Iowa Hospital, 1976” describes what an extreme version of what I expected the poem to be about. The images I
In the short story “Sea Oak,” George Saunders presents a family that is struggling with life in the poor neighborhood of Sea Oak. The narrator works as a male stripper in Joysticks, run by Mr. Frendt. The story also revolves around Auntie Bernie, who dies, resurrects, and dies again after advising the narrator, his sister Min, and their cousin Jade to adopt unorthodox and immoral means of making it in life. Two main themes that emerge in Saunders’ work are grief and loss that people suffer in life, and how the society teaches to deal with them, including the loss of a fruitful life, lack of wealth and success, as well as death.
Master establishes a foil in these two Spoon River Anthology poems as the reader observes the differences in the characters’ lives and outlooks. Uniquely, Masters creates characters who have died and now look back on their lives to give advice to the reader. For example, in “George Gray”, George is dead but knows he did not live life with a purpose. He
In “Monkey Hill,” Stan Rice writes about the speaker of the poem who sits at a zoo with his friend observing the spider monkey exhibit. The two stay the whole day to observe these monkeys. The speaker becomes envious of these monkeys and their ability to be confident with exactly where they are and with who they are. Rice argues that our minds imprison us when we are worried about judgment from others. The monkeys in the exhibit felt free and at ease while the two observers were trapped in worrisome about the outside world in fear of how others would perceive them.
The poem opened up with the mythology of Britain’s foundings being rooted in the fall of Troy. Following the fall of Troy, Romulus quickly founded Rome which led to having Ticius founded Tuscany and Langobard did the same with Lombardy. Soon after the founding of the three nations, as the myth goes, Felix Brutus founded Britain after the French floods. Soon after the founding of Britain, the nation raised children as soldiers; they were fighting machines in a troubled time filled with turmoil. Among all of the kings, there was one prodigy named Arthur; Arthur stood among the highest; almost untouchable from his fellow peers. His courage and aptitude for ruling were ever so present during his time as king, gaining the respect from his
The Spoon River Anthology, written by Edgar Lee Masters in 1915, was a unique piece of work in both style and structure. There are over two hundred “stories” told by the dead people who once lived in the town of Spoon River. The lives and dreams of these people are written as poems. The poetry itself is an excellent example of early modernist style.
A. The basic elements of the piece interior of Tintern Abbey by J.M.W. Turner is
In this essay, I will compare and contrast the endings of “Neighbor Rosicky” by Willa Cather and “The Tomorrow-Tamer” by Margaret Laurence. In both stories, the protagonists figuratively live on after their deaths through reflection from other characters and setting, and have their respective life purposes fulfilled, making their deaths seem beautiful rather than tragic. “Neighbor Rosicky” ends with Doctor Ed visiting the graveyard that Rosicky is buried in. He denounces the cemeteries in the cities that Rosicky has spent half of his life living in, and decides that the country graveyard is perfect for Rosicky, “a man who … had always longed for the open country and had got to it at last” (Cather, 40). The contrast between country and city emphasizes the importance of the country to Rosicky in both life and death. Rosicky is not merely “dead, forgotten or put away,” like Doctor Ed claims those buried in city cemeteries
Some of the poems and essays I have read during this class were relatable to me. Being away from college, I have struggled with not being at home. I have become a different person when I am at school, but when I am home, I feel like I am my normal self again. Some of these authors of the poems and essays that I have read throughout this class has struggled with being somewhere where they don’t belong and that they are someone else when they are not home. Unlike the other poems and essays we have read throughout the course. I enjoyed reading the ones about “home” because I actually understood what they are going through and that I can relate. Some of these poems and essays include “Going Home” by Maurice Kenny, Postcard from Kashmir”, by Agha Shahid Ali, “Returning” by Elias Miguel Munoz and “Hometown” by Luis Cabalquinto. All of these poems deal with duality.