Summary Topic: Financial Analysis

In accounting there is much to be learned, about the financial aspects of a business. In the past five weeks I have learned the importance of financial reports and how they relate to the success of an establishment. These reports may include balance sheets and income statements, which help accountants and the public grasp the overall financial condition of a company. The information in these reports is really significant to, managers, owners, employees, and investors. Managers of a business can take and deduce financial

When analysts question a firm’s earnings quality, it raises concerns regarding under or over aggressive accounting practices that may be allowing the firm to manipulate the earnings. Earnings quality is defined as the strength of the current earnings in being used to predict future earnings and cash flows. Since earning quality is indicative of future performance, analysts are more likely to address issues that have substantial impact on the earnings quality. An issue arises when the nature of the earnings is questioned. While permanent earnings are part of normal operations, any irregular, one time earnings can skew the earnings, making the firm look more profitable than it is. This is due to the inability to recreate similar one-time transactions that will give rise to such numbers. Investors prefer predictable

Abstract : Analysis of financial statement of a company is an important because it is useful to obtain Information

investors, auditors, executives of the business, etc.) an overview of the financial results and condition of the company. The major financial statements that come out of the accounting cycle are income statements, balance sheets, Statement of cash flows and Statement of retained earnings. Income statements are considered the most important of all the financial statements since it presents the operating results of an entity , e.g. revenues, expenses, and profits/losses generated during the reporting period (Bragg, 2017). Balance sheets provide reports of assets, liabilities, and equity of the entity as of the reporting date and can be considered the second most important statement because it provides information/figures about the liquidity, as well as the capitalization of a company (Bragg, 2017). Statement of cash flows exhibits the cash inflows and outflows that occur during a reporting period, which provides a useful comparison to the income statement, particularly when the amount of profit or loss reported does not reflect cash flows encountered by the businesses (Bragg, 2017). Statement of retained earnings is the least used financial statement that provides information regarding changes in equity during the reporting period and can include information such as: sale or repurchase of stock, dividend payments, and changes caused by reported profits or losses. Statements of retained earnings are often

Horizontal analysis allows side by side comparisons on a year to year basis to determine the performance from one year to the next. The company decides on standards to compare the results of the analysis. Standards are researched by checking competitors, internet research of general industry guidelines or standards created from past experience in the company.

It is important to use trend analysis and company comparisons when evaluating the performance of a company. Using this information helps one determine if the company is within acceptable ranges, or has gone off-track into left field. When specific areas of differences are noted, management can determine what steps need to be taken to return to the track and head down the correct path. Trends and comparisons are not just about finances, they are about ways to capture income and increase net profits.

The analysis of a company's financial statements helps in the determination of both the weaknesses and strengths of the concerned entity. Further, such an analysis helps in the determination of the future viability of firms. There are a wide range of techniques utilized in the analysis of financial statements. In that regard, it is important to note that the relevance of a horizontal, vertical as well as ratio analysis of a company's financial statements cannot be overstated. This is more so the case when it comes to the interpretation of the various dollar amounts presented in both the balance sheet and the income statement. In this text, I carry out a horizontal, vertical as well as ratio analysis of both The Coca-Cola Company and PepsiCo, Inc. The analysis' results will be critical in the evaluation of each company's performance. Findings will be used as a basis for recommendations on how each company can improve its financial status.

Commutronics had not accumulated enough profits and had no sufficient capital reserves. The company’s registered capital was therefore very low. The withholding tax rate of

This is the assessment of the historical and future performances of the two companies in order to fully project internal and external factors that will affect the forecasts. The purpose is to identify trends, year to year changes, in order to assess whether the two companies’ performance are stable or sporadic and highly volatile.

Financial statements are used to determine the business activities of a firm and the role of accounting analysis is to determine the accuracy and quality of the information provided. This analysis would look into the degree of its accounting figures captures its business reality through the policies used and its resulting noise, potential forecast errors and its impact on Myer’s profit.

Simply put, the horizontal analysis compares specific line items on a financial statement to a base year and computes a percentage change for the year in question. Our horizontal analysis here uses 2013 as the base year and looks at subsequent change relative to that. On the income statement, we should be cheered Amazon’s strong 43.72% growth in net sales between 2013 and 2015, which

have explained that the Financial statements provide asummarized view of the financial position and operations of a firm. Therefore, much can belearnt about a firm from a careful examination of its financial statements as invaluabledocuments / performance reports. The analysis of financial statements is, thus, an important aidto financial analysis.

A quality of earning assessment is a tool used by analyst to determine the correlation between accounting income and economic income. The techniques to analyze accounting income and economic income include: comparing accounting principles, reviewing changes in accounting principles, analyzing discretionary and warranty expenditures, understanding replacement cost of assets and managements and auditors opinion of the company. A quality of earnings assessment of PepsiCo is applied to the various techniques to analyze accounting income and economic income.

Horizontal analysis is also known as trend analysis. It is a financial statement analysis method that demonstrates changes in the amounts of equivalent financial statement items over a period of time. Moreover, it is a useful tool in order to assess the trend situations in an effective and a more comprehensive manner. It involves the statements for two or more periods to evaluate trend situations. This analysis may be conducted for income statement, balance sheet, schedules of current & fixed assets, and statement of retained earnings of an organization (Wainwright, 2012).

Nowadays, as our economy is facing possible everyday crises, managers undergo an increasing pressure in order to keep their company 's earnings stable. Shareholders and analysts expect companies to meet forecasted goals and not to deviate from these. Especially, reliable companies are to report positive results and shall not present any 'surprises '. Managers therefore often turn to their accounting departments for help, whose job it then is to improve the bottom line by changing the information shown in financial